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Query: UMLS:C0019693 (HIV)
 170,526 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Presentations on pediatric AIDS, at the recent Retrovirus Conference, focused on expanding treatment options. Studies of anti-HIV therapies, especially those involving protease inhibitors (PIs), are highlighted. Hydroxyurea has been shown to be a useful addition to some nucleoside analogue drugs in HIV treatment. However, children appear to have a more rapid clearance of Hydroxyurea from their blood, compared to adults, and may need to be treated with higher doses relative to body weight. Issues of adherence were discussed, as well as a controversial study using feeding tubes to insure drugs were administered. In addition, metabolic complications were discussed, and children seemed to show similar cholesterol level changes related to protease inhibitors, as were experienced by adults. Little is known about lipodystrophy in children.
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PMID:Children & HIV: treatment briefs. 1136 38

RU-486 shows promise in reducing HIV replication and may be an option for treating HIV infection and lipodystrophy. But anti-abortion extremists are against further research on the drug which is used for non-surgical abortions. A brief description of how a new formulation of RU-486 works is provided. The drug's use in people with Cushing's syndrome is also described. The drug is not available in the U.S., and no manufacturer is currently producing the type of RU-486 used in the laboratory studies mentioned in the article. However, one manufacturer, the Population Council, expected to have the original form of the drug available to researchers and for compassionate access early in 1999. Another new drug, Anticort, is in early trials for the treatment of HIV. Contact information is provided.
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PMID:RU-486. Anti-choice extremists block HIV drug research. 1136 81

The changes and complications in metabolic status and lipodystrophy stemming from HIV treatment are examined. Research results from international conferences are discussed; topics include mechanisms of action and outcomes of recent treatments for lipodystrophy. These therapies cite the benefits of diet and exercise and the use of liposuction. Also examined are studies that investigated the effects of switching HIV protease drugs. Concluding comments address the possible connection between heart disease and lipodystrophy.
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PMID:Understanding and treating protease paunch. 1136 10

The First International Workshop on Adverse Drug Reactions and Lipodystrophy in HIV took place in June 1999. Speakers discussed various theories on the causes of lipodystrophy, including mitochondrial toxicities. Factors including gender, age, and disease stage seem to affect the risk of developing lipodystrophy, or fat redistribution syndrome. Some studies are investigating the relationship between lipodystrophy and HIV drugs, such as the use of d4T, a nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Contact information is provided.
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PMID:Drug reactions & lipodystrophy workshop. 1136 65

Several research teams attended the 1st International Workshop on Adverse Drug Reactions and Liposdystrophy in HIV. Under discussion were the effects of reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors and nucleoside RT inhibitors (NRTIs) on lipodystrophy, also known as fat redistribution. Key findings included correlating lipodystrophy with long-term treatment by RTs, linking fat redistribution to Stavudine (d4T), and determining effects of various protease inhibitors which contribute to lipodystrophy. Results from an Italian study showed women were more likely than men to have fat abnormalities. An Australian research team presented a cohort study detailing risk factors for lipodystrophy. Harmful consequences of lipodystrophy were reviewed, such as increased cardiac risk due to elevated plasma triglycerides and cholesterol, and increased incidence of diabetes. The drawbacks of antiretroviral treatment tactics were also discussed. In addition, lipodystrophy treatments include aerobics and resistance training, injections of recombinant human growth hormone, and lipid-lowering drugs.
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PMID:On the trail of fugitive fat: the chase turns to NRTIs. 1136 71

Lipodystrophy is a condition marked by unusual deposits of fat throughout the body and increased lipid and cholesterol levels in the blood. Although the cause of lipodystrophy is still unknown, it has been linked to use of protease inhibitors, and more recently to nucleoside analogs. Some scientists who initially disagreed with these theories, and thought that lipodystrophy was the result of dramatic decreases in viral load and the body's attempt to recover, now believe the condition is a side effect stemming from the length of time a patient receives treatment. Data is presented to support each hypothesis. A timeline is provided, which displays the appearance of HIV-related abnormalities to initial use of particular antiretroviral drugs.
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PMID:Lipodrama. 1136 85

A brief overview of the 6th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) is presented. The most clinically relevant presentations at the conference addressed managing HIV with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and activating the immune system to fight the virus. Other issues discussed were an increase in drug-resistant new HIV infections, substitution of efavirenz for PIs, and treatments for lipodystrophy. Presentations on studies of HAART addressed lower transmission of HIV, immune response to new infection, improved immunity toward other diseases including pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and cytomegalovirus (CMV), and the use of immune stimulants after HAART therapy. A retrospective look was given by two doctors about their former treatment recommendations that are now considered incorrect given what is know today about protease inhibitors and subsequent treatment after failure of antiretroviral therapy.
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PMID:Light at the end of the tunnel? 1136 58

The first serious examination of the cause of lipodystrophy took place at the 12th World AIDS Conference. Lipodystrophy, or fat redistribution syndrome, is characterized by high levels of fat in the blood and fat deposits in the back of the neck, abdomen, or breasts. The disorder can also be accompanied by a loss of fat in the extremities, face and buttocks. Many cases of lipodystrophy in PWAs have been linked to therapy with PIs. Researchers have also found the syndrome in PWAs who have not taken PIs. Common treatments used for lipodystrophy include growth hormones, diet and exercise, anabolic steroids, and liposuction. Several studies presented at the conference examined how to effectively combat HIV, while managing lipodystrophy symptoms. The most common methods involved either switching to a non-PI regimen or adding a drug to treat the complication.
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PMID:Unsolved mystery of fat redistribution. 1136 64

An overview of important AIDS research areas and access to treatment issues is provided. Information on treatment overviews, HIV-specific immunity, antiretrovirals, lipodystrophy, and nutrition and supplements are briefly discussed. Other important issues mentioned include HIV/AIDS treatment in prisons and in developing countries.
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PMID:2000 outlook. 1136 1

There is an emerging syndrome among people with HIV disease characterized by significant metabolic abnormalities. The syndrome, referred to as peripheral lipodystrophy, body-fat redistribution, and metabolic dysregulation, causes a loss of fat from the arms, legs, buttocks and face and an accumulation in the abdomen, breasts and back of the neck. Researchers believe there is a connection between anti-HIV drug treatment and this abnormality, however, the cause of the syndrome is unclear. The pharmaceutical industry is resisting acknowledgment that the syndrome may be directly related to anti-HIV drug treatment and the government is reacting slowly to promote appropriate research. The importance of studying the disorder and the conflicting views of its importance are discussed. Research is essential to keep people with HIV disease from refusing treatment because of these adverse effects.
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PMID:Policy issues related to new metabolic abnormalities in HIV disease. 1136 42


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