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The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) announces the availability of FY 1999 funds for the following activity. This activity is discussed in more detail under Section 4 of this notice. This notice is not a complete description of the activity; potential applicants must obtain a copy of the Guidance for Applicants (GFA) before preparing an application. (See table.) Note: SAMHSA also published notices of available funding opportunities for FY 1999 in subsequent issues of the Federal Register. The actual amount available for awards and their allocation may vary, depending on unanticipated program requirements and the volume and quality of applications. Awards are usually made for grant periods from one to three years in duration. FY 1999 funds for the activity discussed in this announcement were appropriated by the Congress under Public Law no. 105-277. SAMHSA's policies and procedures for peer review and Advisory Council review of grant and cooperative agreement applications were published in the Federal Register (Vol. 58, No. 126) on July 2, 1993. The Public Health Service (PHS) is committed to achieving the health promotion and disease prevention objectives of Healthy People 2000, a PHS-led national activity for setting priority areas. The SAMHSA Centers' substance abuse and mental health services activities address issues related to Healthy People 2000 objectives of Mental Health and Mental Disorders; Alcohol and Other Drugs; Clinical Preventive Services; HIV Infection; and Surveillance and Data Systems. Potential applicants may obtain a copy of Healthy People 2000 (Full Report: Stock No. 017-001-00474-0) or Summary Report: Stock No. 017-001-00473-1) through the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9325 (Telephone: 202-512-1800).
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PMID:Fiscal year (FY) 1999 funding opportunities. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, HHS. Notice of funding availability. 1055 16

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT) announces the availability of FY 1999 funds for the following activities. These activities are discussed in more detail under Section 3 of this notice. This notice is not a complete description of the activities; potential applicants must obtain a copy of the Guidance for Applicants (GFA) before preparing an application. (See table.) Note: SAMHSA also published notices of available funding opportunities for FY 1999 in subsequent issues of the Federal Register. The actual amount available for awards and their allocation may vary, depending on unanticipated program requirements and the volume and quality of applications. Awards are usually made for grant periods from one to three years in duration. FY 1999 funds for activities discussed in this announcement were appropriated by the Congress under Public Law No. 105-277. SAMHSA's policies and procedures for peer review and Advisory Council review of grant and cooperative agreement applications were published in the Federal Register (Vol. 58, No. 126) on July 2, 1993. The Public Health Service (PHS) is committed to achieving the health promotion and disease prevention objectives of Healthy People 2000, a PHS-led national activity for setting priority areas. The SAMHSA Centers' substance abuse and mental health services activities address issues related to Healthy People 2000 objectives of Mental Health and Mental Disorders; Alcohol and Other Drugs; Clinical Preventive Services; HIV Infection; and Surveillance and Data Systems. Potential applicants may obtain a copy of Healthy People 2000 (Full Report: Stock No. 017-001-00474-0) or Summary Report: Stock No. 017-001-00473-1) through the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9325 (Telephone: 202-512-1800).
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PMID:Fiscal year (FY) 1999 funding opportunities. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, HHS. Notice of funding availability. 1055 17

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT) and the Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) announce the availability of FY 1999 funds for the following activities. These activities are discussed in more detail under Section 4 of this notice. This notice is not a complete description of the activities; potential applicants must obtain a copy of the Guidance for Applicants (GFA) before preparing an application. (See table.) Note: SAMHSA also published notices of available funding opportunities for FY 1999 in subsequent issues of the Federal Register. The actual amount available for awards and their allocation may vary, depending on unanticipated program requirements and the volume and quality of applications. Awards are usually made for grant periods from one to three years in duration. FY 1999 funds for activities discussed in this announcement were appropriated by the Congress under Public Law No. 105-277. SAMHSA's policies and procedures for peer review and Advisory Council review of grant and cooperative agreement applications were published in the Federal Register (Vol. 58, No. 126) on July 2, 1993. The Public Health Service (PHS) is committed to achieving the health promotion and disease prevention objectives of Healthy People 2000, a PHS-led national activity for setting priority areas. The SAMHSA Centers' substance abuse and mental health services activities address issues related to Healthy People 2000 objectives of Mental Health and Mental Disorders; Alcohol and Other Drugs; Clinical Preventive Services; HIV Infection; and Surveillance and Data Systems. Potential applicants may obtain a copy of Healthy People 2000 (Full Report: Stock No. 017-001-00474-0) or Summary Report: Stock No. 017-001-00473-1) through the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9325 (Telephone: 202-512-1800).
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PMID:Fiscal year (FY) 1999 funding opportunities. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, HHS. Notice of funding availability. 1055 24

The portrait of HIV-affected children and youth that emerges from this policy overview is still one of children obscured from view by the shadow of their parents' and siblings' illness and policies that only address the needs of HIV-infected individuals. In addition, the secrecy and stigma that still surround HIV and AIDS make it difficult for HIV-affected children and youth to benefit as fully as they might from policies and programs that provide more generic types of care and assistance. Our failure as a nation to better illuminate the plight of HIV-affected children and youth can only leave us with a generation of children who are at greater risk of psychiatric illness, involvement with the criminal justice system, substance abuse, and contracting HIV. To avoid these consequences, both public and private sectors must place the spotlight on the development of new policies and programs designed to specifically meet their needs. Because the solutions defy traditional disciplinary and administrative boundaries, we also need to become more skilled at interagency planning and collaboration. No one system alone can be responsive to the many social, mental health, legal, and support needs of these children and their caretakers. More specifically, recommendations for improved systems of care to HIV-affected children, youth, and their families are as follows: To promote and fund cross-disciplinary initiatives among agencies that administer child welfare services, income supports, AIDS care, and children's mental health services at the national, state, and local levels to specifically meet the mental health, psychosocial, and permanency planning needs of HIV-affected children and youth. To provide training opportunities for Ryan White Title I, II, and III case managers on assessing the needs of HIV-affected children and youth, developmental theories and concepts, principles of family-centered care, and child welfare issues. To increase funding of the Ryan White CARE Act to permit a more family-centered approach to care across Titles. To establish clearer guidelines for establishing a proportional basis for funding services to infants, children, and women under the Ryan White CARE Act. To support legislative, educational, and advocacy efforts to make managed care and welfare reform more responsive to the needs of HIV-affected children, youth, and their families. To encourage states to provide additional funding for mental health services specifically targeted to HIV-affected children and youth that are sufficiently flexible and of a long enough duration to adequately meet their needs. Surely, as we move into a new millennium with the capacity to map the human genome and clearly view distant galaxies, we should be able to marshal the will and resources necessary to formulate a sufficiently focused effort to respond compassionately and effectively to the needs of a generation of AIDS-affected children and youth.
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PMID:National and state policies influencing the care of children affected by AIDS. 1076 76

1. Findings suggest that PWMI, including those with serious mental illness, are sexually active although some individuals, including mental health professionals, perceive them to be asexual or not sexually active. 2. PWMI may be particularly susceptible to HIV risk-related behaviors due to poor judgment, limited impulse control, deficits in problem-solving skills, and suicidal intent and self-destructive behavior. 3. Nurses, due to their close interaction with PWMI, are in key positions to document HIV risk-related behaviors and to advocate for integrating HIV risk reduction strategies into the therapeutic milieu.
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PMID:HIV among people with mental illness: contributing factors, prevention needs, barriers, and strategies. 1078 9

This study compares client profiles of adolescent amphetamine users to those of nonusers and examines the multivariate prediction of posttreatment drug use, criminal, and HIV risk behavior outcomes in the year following their separation from treatment. Data were collected as part of a larger longitudinal study on a sample of 938 adolescents who were admitted to residential therapeutic community drug treatment programs across the eastern United States and Canada from April of 1992 through April of 1994. A subsample of 485 adolescents were reinterviewed one year after their separation from treatment. Findings indicated that amphetamine users tended to be white, older, and have parents with higher education and occupational levels than nonusers. However, they also had more psychopathology, more extensive drug use and criminal histories, and engaged in more HIV-risk behaviors than nonusers. Additionally, amphetamine users tend to come from homes where one or both parents used illicit drugs, drank regularly, or had a mental illness, and they often reported histories of childhood maltreatment. Analyses of the one-year follow-up data indicated that being an amphetamine user was not related to treatment outcome after the client's demographic characteristics, overall drug use severity, and treatment completion were taken into account. Therefore, therapeutic community treatment appears to be an effective means of treating adolescent amphetamine users.
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PMID:Adolescent amphetamine users in treatment: client profiles and treatment outcomes. 1080 Oct 71

The purpose of this study was to determine if alcohol use is independently associated with needle-sharing behavior. Participants were 196 active injection drug users recruited into the Providence, Rhode Island Needle Exchange program between July 1997 and March 1998. All subjects were administered a 45-minute questionnaire that included questions on quantity/frequency of alcohol use and the alcohol abuse section of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID; Spitzer, Williams, Gibbon, & First, 1992). Drug risk behaviors, including needle sharing were assessed using the HIV Risk Assessment Battery (RAB; Navaline et al., 1994). Of 196 IDUs, 60% had used alcohol in the last month. Twenty-eight percent met criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, 3rd ed., rev. (DSM-III-R; American Psychiatric Association, 1987) for alcohol abuse over the last 6 months. One half of IDUs had shared needles in the last 6 months. Increasing levels of alcohol ingestion were associated with greater RAB drug risk scores and greater needle sharing. Using multiple logistic regression, high-level "at-risk" alcohol use (odds ratio [OR], 2.5) and alcohol abuse (OR, 2.3) were significantly associated with needle sharing when controlling for other demographic and behavioral factors previously found to be associated with sharing. The results of this study showed that prevalence of alcohol abuse is high in this population and is associated with needle sharing. HIV prevention effects in needle exchange programs should address alcohol use.
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PMID:Alcohol use patterns predict high-risk HIV behaviors among active injection drug users. 1081 9

The reliability of self-reports of sexual behaviors related to HIV transmission was examined in a study of homeless men with severe mental illness. Thirty-nine patients of a New York City shelter psychiatric program were interviewed about their sexual behaviors in the past six months. The same interview was administered twice, with a one- to two-week interval between interviews. Test-retest reliability was assessed using kappa and intraclass correlation coefficients. Reliability estimates ranged from.49 to.93 for overall sexual activity, number of partners, and specific behaviors other than receptive anal sex. Reliability was lower for condom use. The authors conclude that reliable self-reports about sexual behavior can be obtained from homeless men with severe mental illness.
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PMID:Reliability of self-reports about sexual risk behavior for HIV among homeless men with severe mental illness. 1082 18

Women who have been incarcerated are a high-risk group for criminal recidivism, and criminal justice statistics indicate that females are increasing in numbers more rapidly than the male detainee population. According to data from epidemiologic studies, incarcerated women are often young, single, mothers from ethnic minority backgrounds who have little education and poor work histories. Mental illness, drug abuse, and risky behaviors relating to contracting HIV/AIDS are common problems among female detainees. In this report, research into characteristics of women in jail and literature relating to treatment programs for incarcerated women are reviewed. Implications relating to treatment needs, program development, and further research are discussed. A case example and treatment intervention are presented based on this review.
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PMID:Characteristics of women in jail and treatment orientations. A review. 1088 79

The purpose of this article is to describe the psychosocial factors associated with alcohol and/or drug (AOD) use among HIV-infected individuals. Their attitudes toward AOD use are also examined. Three hundred and three HIV-infected adults completed a survey on AOD use while waiting for their appointment at the largest, HIV-outpatient clinic in the Gulf South. Logistic regression showed that associating with others who use drugs and hospitalization for a mental illness were associated with current AOD use. Variables derived from the AIDS Risk Reduction Model that integrates elements of the Health Belief Model, efficacy theory, and social network theory, indicated that 14% of the sample admitted to having an AOD problem. Twenty-six percent of the AOD users reported that they have little social support to help them stop their AOD use. A disturbing finding was that 24% of the AOD users have actively sought help or treatment for their AOD problem and have not been able to find help. These patients differ significantly from the AOD users who could find help in that they are primarily African-American and 46% have been hospitalized for a mental illness. Motivational strategies and mental health interventions are necessary, which provide peer counseling and social support, factors that have been found to greatly influence behavior change. The intervention may also need to include spiritual and humor components because the vast majority of AOD users are interested in treatment approaches that include these two elements.
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PMID:Correlates of alcohol and/or drug use among HIV-infected individuals. 1089 4


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