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Query: UMLS:C0019693 (HIV)
 170,526 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This document, launched by the Government in July, 1992, represents the first national policy aimed at improving the overall health of the British population. It emphasises the purpose of the National Health Service--to improve health, not just treat sickness. This White Paper represents a beginning, with five target areas as priorities: Coronary heart disease and stroke; Cancers; Accidents; Mental illness; HIV/AIDS and sexual health
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PMID:The health of the nation. 139

Rises in both crack cocaine use and incidence of sexually transmitted diseases have been recently reported. In this study, we investigated the relationship between crack cocaine abuse and sexual behavior in 50 psychiatric inpatients. The relationship between crack use and sexual behavior is a very complicated one, influenced by many variables such as the dose of crack used, the user's preexisting sexuality, gender, and psychiatric illness. Results indicated that while most of the subjects developed sexual disinterest and dysfunction with prolonged crack cocaine use, some of them became more sexually promiscuous and consequently contracted more sexually transmitted diseases. The implications of these findings regarding transmission of HIV among crack cocaine users are discussed.
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PMID:Crack cocaine use and sexual behavior among psychiatric inpatients. 141 82

The health of the nation white paper sets targets in five key areas for reductions in both mortality and morbidity: coronary heart disease and stroke, cancers, mental illness, HIV/Aids and sexual health and accidents. In a series of articles in Health visitor, experts will be considering the opportunities the white paper offers for community nurses in each of the key areas. Here Dr Sara Levene, medical consultant to the Child Accident Prevention Trust, considers accidents, a major problem which health visitors can do much to control. She reviews how accidents are presented in the white paper, what health visitors can do and what resources are available to help them. She offers particular advice on special accident prevention initiatives and discusses some of the opportunities created by the white paper.
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PMID:Accident prevention: the health visitor's role. 147 69

The early organic mental disorder, caused by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) in the drug dependents (DD), if it is not taken into account, can disturb the diagnosis of the neuropsychiatric and the toxic disorders. The authors attempt to outline, with several neuropsychological tests (visuo-perceptual, memory, attention) and with the physical and neurologic exploration, if cognitive abnormalities are present in two groups of DD after detoxification period. The first group is infected by the HIV (n: 48), and the second one is not (n: 33). Differences can be found only in the Bender visuo-perceptual test, which are not justified by the divergences found between the groups about the drug dependence history and the present drug of abuse intake. The importance of the early diagnosis of these abnormalities is argued in order to get a suitable treatment of the possible neuropsychiatric complications in the DD development, and restrain the extent of the cognitive damage by HIV infection.
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PMID:[Neuropsychological changes in drug addicts infected with human immunodeficiency virus]. 148 76

This study aimed to establish the prevalence of psychosocial problems in gay men with HIV infection, and to identify factors associated with psychological morbidity. The study was a cross-sectional controlled investigation, which included 24 HIV seropositive and 25 seronegative gay men. Outcome measures included current psychological status and psychiatric history; coping and health beliefs; and social and sexual functioning. Seropositive subjects had worse scores on the PSE total score, and greater sexual difficulties. There were also differences in health beliefs and coping. Psychological morbidity was associated with hopelessness, previous psychiatric illness, symptomatic HIV disease, and low self-esteem.
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PMID:The psychosocial impact of HIV infection in gay men. A controlled investigation and factors associated with psychiatric morbidity. 848 61

We described an 18 old homosexual man who after 5 days developed a neurologic picture associated with Human Immunodeficiency Viruses (HIV) seroconversion. The patient had developed a dissociative psychiatric disorder 6 months before, and after resolution of the acute neurologic disease a mild neuro-psychiatric disorder remained. After mononucleosis-like syndrome of three weeks, the patient developed a meningo-encephalitic process 48 h post admission. He evolved with tonic seizures and twilight state and was admitted into Intensive Care Unit because of epileptic status and deep coma. Evolution was favourable after 72 h of treatment with acyclovir and antiepileptic drugs. Laboratory data showed an inverted T4/T8 ratio and seroconversion to HIV-antibodies and p24-antigen both in serum and CSF. These observations confirm the existence of psychiatric as well neurological alterations in acute HIV infection, and also the significance of p24-antigen and Western-Blot in serum and CSF in showing the seroconversion profile.
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PMID:[Previous dissociative psychiatric disorder and status epilepticus in a case of acute HIV infection]. 150 7

Psychiatric interviews were conducted with 55 male Army HIV+ patients. These soldiers were diagnosed in an early stage of HIV, and were not clinically demented. Sixty-four percent were given diagnoses of a depressive disorder by a psychiatrist, while 42% self-reported depression. Fifty-five percent had a history of suicidal thoughts since their diagnosis of HIV, but only one soldier was actively suicidal. Half said that they followed a more healthy lifestyle since their diagnoses. Factors associated with a high rate of depression included being divorced, of Hispanic origin, having other medical problems, or a history of mental illness. Not telling friends and family, or feeling a lack of support from them or the military, was also significantly correlated with depression.
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PMID:Depression and support systems in male army HIV+ patients. 152 68

A psychiatric examination was conducted on 144 patients at various stages of HIV infection and on 29 controls found to be seronegative. One-half of the control group had at least one DSM-III-R Axis I diagnosis, most commonly cannabis abuse, alcohol abuse, or adjustment disorder. Compared to this baseline, HIV-infected subjects had higher rates of adjustment disorder. AIDS patients were also more likely to suffer from organic mental disorder. The rate of unemployment increased as the disease progressed. Major depression was seen in only ten patients, and there were no differences between controls and HIV-infected subjects. Formal assessment of mood state and feelings of pessimism also showed no differences among the groups. The importance of helping improve the patient's lifestyle through the control of alcohol and drug abuse is underscored.
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PMID:Psychiatric morbidity in patients with HIV infection. 156 54

1. The professional literature increasingly indicates the need to educate persons with serious mental illness regarding HIV/AIDS. 2. Community-based organizations currently responding to the AIDS epidemic are poorly equipped to respond to the special needs of persons with serious mental illness. 3. Persons with serious mental illness are concerned by HIV/AIDS. Some, however, will incorporate education into their pathology via delusional systems or misunderstandings. 4. Effective programs for this population can be developed following community health nursing principles.
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PMID:How to reduce the risk of HIV infection for the seriously mentally ill. 161 91

Despite the AIDS epidemic's impact, development of prevention and risk-reduction programs has been slow, especially for patients with chronic mental illness. These patients may be at particular risk for HIV transmission and acquisition due to characteristics of their illness. Despite a paucity of such program descriptions in the literature and widespread concern that exposure of such patients to educational material related to sexuality or AIDS would be overstimulating, an effective and safe curriculum to teach risk-reduction can be designed. This paper describes such a program at the Massachusetts Mental Health Center, in Boston.
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PMID:AIDS education for patients with chronic mental illness. 171 28


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