Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019621 (Langerhans cell histiocytosis)
 3,250 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to study the localization of Lentil lectin (LCH)-binding glycoresidues in glomeruli from patients with a variety of glomerulopathies, and to elucidate the relationship between LCH-binding sugars and the components of the extracellular matrix, laminin and type IV collagen, investigations of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded kidney tissues digested with trypsin were carried out by the direct and indirect immunofluorescence microscopy techniques. The glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and the mesangium reacted well with LCH, whereas areas with sclerotic lesions exhibited a decreased reactivity. The pattern of LCH binding to the GBM in various glomerulopathies was similar to that of laminin but different from that of type IV collagen. The pattern of localization of LCH-reacting sites and of laminin in the GBM included the double linear lines in diabetic nephropathy, inner linear line with outer projections (spikes) in membranous nephropathy, and reduplicated basement membrane in membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. The results obtained by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay showed that LCH had a stronger reactivity for laminin than for type IV collagen or fibronectin. These findings suggest that LCH is more reactive with laminin than with other components of the glomerular extracellular matrix.
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PMID:Histochemical and immunohistochemical studies of diseased human glomeruli. 203 28

To evaluate the morphogenesis of lung remodeling in pulmonary Langerhans cell granulomatosis (LCG; previously called histiocytosis X or eosinophilic granuloma), lung tissues obtained by open biopsy from 62 patients with pulmonary LCG were studied by light and electron microscopy. Tissues from 20 patients were also studied by immunohistochemical methods for the detection of fibronectin, elastin, and S-100 protein, and samples from six patients were studied using OKT6 monoclonal antibody. In early stages of pulmonary LCG, the epithelial lining cells were detached and Langerhans cells, inflammatory cells, and myofibroblasts migrated into intraluminal spaces through gaps in the epithelial basement membranes in and around the granulomatous lesions. In late stages, intraluminal fibrosis led to obstruction of alveolar spaces and airways and to coalescence of alveolar walls in and around the granulomatous lesions. Adjacent to these lesions, irregularly dilated alveoli were found with degraded and disrupted elastic fibers. Together, these observations suggest that intraluminal fibrosis and elastic fiber degradation are important processes of lung remodeling in pulmonary LCG.
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PMID:Intraluminal fibrosis and elastic fiber degradation lead to lung remodeling in pulmonary Langerhans cell granulomatosis (histiocytosis X). 238 3

In recent years the alveolar macrophage has been found to play a central role in interstitial lung disease. Pulmonary histiocytosis X is characterized by infiltrating fibroblasts, mononuclear cells, and CD-1-positive Langerhans cells. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid displays an increase of CD-1-positive cells and a remarkable exaggeration of the total cell count with only slight changes in the differential cell count. Changes of alveolar macrophage phenotype and functional activity occurring in pulmonary histiocytosis X have not yet been characterized. The BAL fluid of nine patients with histologically proven isolated pulmonary histiocytosis X was compared with that of 16 control patients. Immunophenotyping of alveolar macrophages by monoclonal maturation and differentiation markers of monocyte/macrophage lineage cells [Ki-M2, Ki-M6 (CD-68), Ki-M8, Ki-M1 (CD-11c)] revealed a significant increase of immature macrophages with a more monocyte-like phenotype. The proliferation marker Ki-67 revealed an increased proportion of proliferating macrophages. Functional analysis by measuring oxygen radical release revealed an increase both in baseline and stimulated luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. Fibronectin production was elevated in alveolar macrophage supernatants from pulmonary histiocytosis X patients. These findings are consistent with phenotypic changes of alveolar macrophages in other interstitial lung diseases such as sarcoidosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Local proliferation and the fresh influx of blood monocytes seem to be responsible for the increase in immature and functionally activated alveolar macrophages. The increase in oxygen radical release and fibronectin production suggests an augmented tissue injuring and fibrosing capacity of alveolar macrophages in pulmonary histiocytosis X.
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PMID:Alveolar macrophages from bronchoalveolar lavage of patients with pulmonary histiocytosis X: determination of phenotypic and functional changes. 761 60