Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019621 (Langerhans cell histiocytosis)
 3,250 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of fourteen plant lectins on human peripheral blood lymphocytes in rosette formation with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was examined. Among the lectins used, phytohemagglutinin (PHA), lens culinalis (LCH), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), and ricinus communis I (RCAI) showed a significant increase in active T rosette counts when the results were compared with the effect of other lectins. This enhancement in active T rosette forming cells is found within one hour after the treatment with lectin and is dependent upon the concentration of lectin. The results suggest that the changes in lymphocyte membrane dynamics via stimulation by certain lectins increases the capacity to form active T rosettes.
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PMID:Active T rosette formation of human T lymphocytes after stimulation with lectins. 633 6

Binding patterns of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)- and gold-conjugated lectins to extracellularly melanized sheathed and exsheathed microfilariae of subperiodic Brugia malayi, isolated from and in situ in the abdominal hemocoel of Anopheles quadrimaculatus 72-hr postinfection, were examined. Five FITC-conjugated lectins [Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA), Arachis hypogaea (peanut agglutinin-PNA), Triticum vulgaris (wheat germ agglutinin-WGA), Lens culinaris (lentil-LCH), and Concanavalin A (Con A)] with specificities for different carbohydrate moieties were tested for binding to isolated melanized microfilariae and observed with transmitted light and fluorescence microscopy. All five FITC-lectins bound strongly to the acellular material accompanying the melanin deposits on the surface of isolated melanized microfilariae. Significant inhibition of FITC-lectin binding occurred when lectins were preincubated with their complementary carbohydrates before testing. H. pomatia agglutinin binding was totally inhibited by N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine. Other lectins were partially inhibited, such as PNA by galactose and lactose; WGA by N-acetylneuraminic acid; LCH by N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, mannose, glucose, and methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside; and Con A by mannose and methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside. Three gold-conjugated lectins (HPA, PNA, and Con A), examined by using transmission electron microscopy, bound to the outer surface of the acellular material associated with the melanin deposits on isolated melanized microfilarial sheaths and melanized microfilariae and to the remnants of lysed hemocytes found in the proximity of the melanized deposits. Con A in the presence of gold-labeled horseradish peroxidase, examined by using transmission electron microscopy, showed random binding within the melanized capsule formed around the microfilarial sheath in situ. These results indicate that the acellular material accompanying melanin deposits on melanized microfilarial sheaths and sheathed and exsheathed microfilariae contain several glycoconjugates with exposed carbohydrate moieties and are possibly glycoproteins. These glycoproteins could be the by-products of the activation of the prophenoloxidase by the microfilariae.
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PMID:Lectin binding to extracellularly melanized microfilariae of Brugia malayi from the hemocoel of Anopheles quadrimaculatus. 856 82

The diagnosis of pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis might be refined by demonstrating reliability of a new cell marker, i.e., Langerin (CD207), used on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. For this purpose, we collected material from patients with this disease and also with sarcoidosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis as controls. In addition to the immunocytochemical detection of Langerin, we examined the expression profiles of CD1a and the macrophage tandem-repeat mannose receptor (CD206). To test accessibility of Langerin, a C-type lectin, for mannosides, we employed reverse lectin histochemistry using mannose-containing neoglycoproteins. The analysis revealed a significantly increased percentage of CD1a- and Langerin-positive cells in pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis in comparison with both other studied diseases. No expression of the 175-kDa mannose-binding lectin (CD206) in Langerhans cells was observed. Evidently, binding sites on the cells were not accessible for the mannose-containing neoglycoligand. These results provide evidence for the usefulness of Langerin-directed immuno- and glycohistochemical monitoring of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the diagnosis of pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
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PMID:Diagnostic relevance of Langerin detection in cells from bronchoalveolar lavage of patients with pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, sarcoidosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. 1472 67

Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an idiopathic condition affecting predominantly adult smokers. Histologically, LCH is characterized by a nodular, interstitial proliferation of Langerhans cells around the distal airways with associated eosinophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages. Associated findings, such as fibrosis, emphysematous change, and bronchiolitis can be reminiscent of other interstitial lung diseases. The markers CD1a and S100 have traditionally been used to distinguish LCH from other processes. Little is known about expression of the Langerhans cell-specific lectin, langerin, in pulmonary diseases. We examined the expression patterns of S100, CD1a, and langerin in LCH and other interstitial, inflammatory, and infectious processes in cases retrieved from the files at Brigham and Women's Hospital Department of Pathology. Immunoreactivity was scored according to the number of cells staining per high power field (400x) in areas of highest density, averaged over 4 fields. Cases diagnosed as LCH based on histomorphology and positive CD1a and S100 staining demonstrated strong langerin positivity in lesional tissue. All cases of LCH contained greater than 30 langerin and CD1a positive cells per high power field (HPF), with a mean of >100 cells per HPF, in lesional tissue. Of the other interstitial processes examined, only usual interstitial pneumonia demonstrated increased number of Langerhans cells within epithelium and interstitium (mean 14 cells per HPF) as compared with normal lung (mean 6 cells per HPF). Langerin and CD1a serve as specific diagnostic markers in distinguishing LCH from other interstitial and inflammatory processes.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical analysis of langerin in langerhans cell histiocytosis and pulmonary inflammatory and infectious diseases. 1752 85

In 32-cell stage embryos ofPatella vulgata one of the macromeres contacts the animal micromeres, and as a result is induced to differentiate into the stem cell of the mesodermal cell line. In this study we show the presence of an extracellular matrix (ECM) between these two interacting cell types. The ECM appears to be formed by the micromeres during the 32-cell stage. Staining experiments with alcian blue and tannic acid indicate that in contains glycoconjugates, possibly in the form of proteoglycans. The characteristics of the ECM were examined further by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-lectin labelling. Of 17 lectins tested, concanavalin A (ConA), succinyl-ConA, LCH-B (Lens culinaris) and PEA (Pisum sativum) showed a positive labelling of the ECM. These results are in accordance with the electron microscopic data. The appearance of the ECM at this specific stage and place suggests that it might play an important role in the induction of the mesodermal cell line.
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PMID:The presence of an extracellular matrix between cells involved in the determination of the mesoderm bands in embryos ofPatella vulgata (Mollusca, gastropoda). 2830 13


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