Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019621 (Langerhans cell histiocytosis)
 3,250 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fractional analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (FABAL) fluid was performed in 6 control patients and 41 patients with various interstitial lung disease. The cell differential counts in the first 30 ml fraction of BAL (FBAL-I), which is considered to be the bronchial lavage, differed from those of the 50 ml second and third fraction (FBAL-III). Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, pulmonary tuberculosis, and sarcoidosis showed a high recovery of lymphocytes (52%); however, the former two disorders were occasionally, associated with neutrophil airway inflammation, whereas sarcoidosis was not. The percentage recovery of neutrophils in total FBAL was considerably high in patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis, and relatively high in those with collagen vascular disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pneumoconiosis, and control smokers. However, these neutrophils were largely recovered from FBAL-I, suggesting the presence of airway inflammation. Thus, it is valuable to apply the FBAL method to determine the topographic distribution of inflammatory cells in the lungs. It was also found that the lymphocyte morphology in the lavage fluid was of value in establishing the diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and it is critical whether or not mast cells and basophils are present in BALF since they indicate the pathologic state of allergy or fibrosis. Although present in various fibrotic lung diseases in a limit number, langerhans cells are a diagnostic marker for histiocytosis X.
 ...
PMID:[Airway and alveolar inflammation assessments with bronchoalveolar lavage in various interstitial lung disorders]. 163 46

Pulmonary histiocytosis X is characterized by an accumulation of CD-1-positive histiocytosis X cells in the lung, which also can be found in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). However, it has recently been demonstrated that CD-1-positive cells can also be detected in BALF of patients with other interstitial lung diseases and in healthy smokers. We therefore examined the frequency of CD-1-positive cells in a pool of patients with different pulmonary disorders, according to their smoking habits and diagnoses. We have studied the bronchoalveolar lavage in patients with pulmonary histiocytosis X (n = 6), sarcoidosis (n = 88), and in 97 patients with other miscellaneous lung disorders by using the immunoperoxidase method to detect CD-1-positive cells on glass slides. All patients with histologically proven histiocytosis X displayed more than 5% CD-1-positive cells, whereas patients with other pulmonary disorders showed no more than 3.6% CD-1-positive BAL cells. The dividing line of 5% CD-1-positive cells was not influenced by patients' smoking habits. The identification of CD-1-positive cells in BALF appears to be useful in diagnosing pulmonary histiocytosis X.
 ...
PMID:Value of CD-1-positive cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for the diagnosis of pulmonary histiocytosis X. 175

Langerhans cell histiocytosis with only pulmonary involvement is a rare, probably reactive, proliferating disease of young and smoking persons. During last 7 years 7 cases of Langerhans cell histiocytosis were diagnosed in our Department. There were 6 men and one woman. Mean age was about 32 years. All of them were smokers. Intensity and duration of smoking varied widely from 5 to 40 cigarettes/day and 5 to 30 years respectively. The most frequent symptoms were dry cough, dyspnea. Two patients had no complaints. Pneumothorax preceded diagnosis in 4 patients. Duration of symptoms varied from 3 months to 10 years--in a patient who was previously diagnosed as allergic alveolitis. All patients had typical radiological and HRCT appearance of disseminated nodular lesions with small cysts formation with sparing of costo-phrenic angles. Three of patients had very advanced disease with cystic lung destruction. Restriction was noticed in those three patients. Diminished values of compliance and diffusing capacity for CO was observed in four patients. Bronchoscopy examination of bronchial tree revealed only slight inflammation in all patients. BAL was assessed for presence of CD1a cells in 6 cases, but in no one patient elevated number of those cells was noticed (2-4.5%). In all patients open lung biopsy was performed, and typical histologic appearance was observed. In six patients also CD1a positive cells were revealed in lung specimens.
 ...
PMID:[Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis--clinicopathologic analysis of 7 cases]. 1173 89

We describe the case of male diagnosed with histiocytosis of Langerhans cells. Histiocytosis X is an interstitial disease with a real incidence and an unknown prevalence that can be suspected due to epidemiological and radiological data. The diagnosis can be realized using BAL and/or anatomo-pathological study of a biopsy. The principal treatment is to give up the tobacco habit. Evolution can be favourable.
...
PMID:[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]. 2487 Nov 25