Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019621 (Langerhans cell histiocytosis)
 3,250 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The carbohydrate compounds of the mucus of flask cells in the kidney of claw-frogs (Xenopus laevis) were analysed through lectin binding studies. After removing epoxy resin semithin sections were incubated with 7 lectins (WGA, RCA I, PNA, LCH, UEA, LPA) marked by horseradish peroxidase and 2 unmarked lectins (VAA, Con A). The glycosaminoglycans in the canalicular lumen of flask cells showed a strong reaction with WGA and RCA, whereas the binding of PHA, Con A, and LCH was weaker. No reaction was observed with PNA, UEA, LPA, and VAA. The mucus of the flask cells seems to be rich in N-acetyl-glycosamine and -galactosamine. It contains also mannose, glucose, and galactose, but seems to have no fucose or N-acetyl-sialic acid residues.
 ...
PMID:Lectin binding on carbohydrate compounds of the flask cells in the claw-frog kidney. 314 43

The carbohydrate moieties of microfilariae (Mf) and infective larvae (L3) have been investigated by lectin-binding technique. Mf derived from three sources, namely, uteri (in utero), released in vitro from adults and from blood of rodents infected with Litomosoides carinii were examined by using fluoresceinated lectins. Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) bound to these Mf and the binding was inhibited by N-acetyl glucosamine. In addition to WGA, Concanavalin A (Con A) and lentil lectin (LCH) bound to in vitro-released and in utero-derived Mf showing the presence of mannose moieties on their surface. In utero-derived Mf also showed binding with the agglutinins of Limulus polyphemus (LPA), peanut (PNA), Ricinus communis (RCA), Helix pomatia (HPA), Soyabean (SBA) and Dolichos biflorus (DBA) but not to that of Ulex europaeus (UEA) indicating the presence of additional carbohydrate molecules like sialic acid, galactose and N-acetyl galactosamine on their sheath. None of the lectins bound to the cuticle of exsheathed Mf. Treatment of blood-derived and in vitro-released Mf with certain proteases exposed additional binding sites for SBA, HPA, Con A and LCH. In case of L3, only PNA bound to the larvae isolated from infective mites Bdellonyssus bacoti, and the binding was inhibited by D-galactose. No such binding of the lectins was seen to the larvae that migrated to the pleural cavity of jirds indicating that there is considerable change on the parasite surface during their migration in the vertebrate host. Sheathed Mf and mite-derived L3 when incubated with immune rat sera, bind Con A and LCH lectins possibly due to the mannose components of the specific immunoglobulins that coat onto the Mf and L3.
 ...
PMID:Litomosoides carinii: characterization of surface carbohydrates of microfilariae and infective larvae. 360 35

Binding patterns of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)- and gold-conjugated lectins to extracellularly melanized sheathed and exsheathed microfilariae of subperiodic Brugia malayi, isolated from and in situ in the abdominal hemocoel of Anopheles quadrimaculatus 72-hr postinfection, were examined. Five FITC-conjugated lectins [Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA), Arachis hypogaea (peanut agglutinin-PNA), Triticum vulgaris (wheat germ agglutinin-WGA), Lens culinaris (lentil-LCH), and Concanavalin A (Con A)] with specificities for different carbohydrate moieties were tested for binding to isolated melanized microfilariae and observed with transmitted light and fluorescence microscopy. All five FITC-lectins bound strongly to the acellular material accompanying the melanin deposits on the surface of isolated melanized microfilariae. Significant inhibition of FITC-lectin binding occurred when lectins were preincubated with their complementary carbohydrates before testing. H. pomatia agglutinin binding was totally inhibited by N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine. Other lectins were partially inhibited, such as PNA by galactose and lactose; WGA by N-acetylneuraminic acid; LCH by N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, mannose, glucose, and methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside; and Con A by mannose and methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside. Three gold-conjugated lectins (HPA, PNA, and Con A), examined by using transmission electron microscopy, bound to the outer surface of the acellular material associated with the melanin deposits on isolated melanized microfilarial sheaths and melanized microfilariae and to the remnants of lysed hemocytes found in the proximity of the melanized deposits. Con A in the presence of gold-labeled horseradish peroxidase, examined by using transmission electron microscopy, showed random binding within the melanized capsule formed around the microfilarial sheath in situ. These results indicate that the acellular material accompanying melanin deposits on melanized microfilarial sheaths and sheathed and exsheathed microfilariae contain several glycoconjugates with exposed carbohydrate moieties and are possibly glycoproteins. These glycoproteins could be the by-products of the activation of the prophenoloxidase by the microfilariae.
 ...
PMID:Lectin binding to extracellularly melanized microfilariae of Brugia malayi from the hemocoel of Anopheles quadrimaculatus. 856 82

An unusual case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a 7-year-old female is presented. She had ultrastructural evidence of desmosomal biogenesis and formation of gland-like structures by lesional cells; their apical plasma membranes were folded into large numbers of microvilli. Despite the presence of these structures characteristic of epithelial cells, an infiltrated plaque on the abdominal skin of this patient was interpreted as cutaneous involvement of multiple system Langerhans cell histiocytosis because the immunohistochemical staining of the lesional cells for CD1a, S100, PNA, CD4, EN-4, and HLA-DR was positive, and numerous Birbeck granules were ultrastructurally identified in some lesional cells. Other clinical data included the presence of scaly erythematous skin lesions on the forehead and lytic osseous lesions in the maxilla, which were also histologically diagnosed as Langerhans cell histiocytosis. The absence of any internal malignancy in this patient readily ruled out the other diagnostic possibility of a metastatic adenocarcinoma showing glandular differentiation with brush border morphogenesis. The possibility that the desmosome-linked lesional epithelioid cells were actually cells of sweat glands entrapped in the histiocytic proliferation was also ruled out. The functional significance of the desmosomes and microvillous structures in the present case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis remains to be clarified. Awareness of this variant of Langerhans cell histiocytosis will be important for averting potential misdiagnosis in favor of epithelial tumors, especially metastatic adenocarcinomas.
 ...
PMID:Langerhans cell histiocytosis (histiocytosis X) with morphologic expression of desmosomes and microvillous structures. 924 66