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Query: UMLS:C0019621 (Langerhans cell histiocytosis)
 3,250 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Langerhans cells in the epidermis at the sites of vaccina virus inoculation were studied with the electron microscope. The cells contained unusually increased numbers of the Langerhans cell granules. Such abnormal Langerhans cells have not been described except for in histiocytosis X. Vaccinia virus particles were found in the Langerhans cells, where they were located individually or embedded in the granular matrix or in lysosomes.
Arch Dermatol Res 1976 Jul 26
PMID:Langerhans cells at the sites of vaccinia virus inoculation. 18 11

Three cases of xanthomas occurring secondarily are reported: The primary dermatoses were erythroderma, actinic reticuloid and histiocytosis X. Although a slight elevation of pre-beta-lipoprotein was recognized, xanthomas occurring in these particular 3 cases were assumed to be due to the proliferation or hyperplasia of reticulohistiocytes in the skin. The foam cells found in the xanthoma case with erythroderma and actinic reticuloid appeared different from those with histiocytosis X in their fine structures. The lipid constituents of the xanthoma lesion were found to be quite dissimilar from those of serum lipids.
Arch Dermatol Res 1976 Nov 26
PMID:Xanthoma secondary to reticulo-histiocyte infiltration. 18 89

Two infants suffering from histiocytosis X were treated successfully with a topically applied nitrogen mustard. All cutaneous symptoms disappeared completely within 2 weeks in one case while the skin improved significantly in the other. No irritation or dermatitis was experienced from the treatment. The only side-effect noted was hyperpigmentation.
Br J Dermatol 1979 Apr
PMID:Histiocytosis X in two infants--treated with topical nitrogen mustard. 31 16

Clinical, histological and ultrastructural features in five cases of lichen aureus are descirbed. This rare condition with ages ranging here from 6 to 31 consists of a pigmented papular and purpuric eruption. Unilaterally, trunk or limb may be involved, in a possible systematized distribution. The microscopic picture is characterized by a dense histiocytic and lymphocytic infiltration in the upper part of the dermis; extravasation of erythrocytes and iron pigment in the histiocytes are often noticed. In fine structure most cells of the dermal infiltrate are histiocytes (or macrophages) with numerous worm-like structures and even typical Langerhans granules in three cases; histiocytic cells; histiocytes are frequently seen in apposition to lymphocytes. In all these cases, no sign of histiocytosis X is found. Classification of lichen aureus in the group of idiopathic pigmented purpuric eruption is proposed.
Ann Dermatol Venereol 1977 Nov
PMID:[Lichen aureus or lichen purpuricus; about 5 cases; ultrastructural study]. 61 55

Ten patients with sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) also had cutaneous involvement. Seven of the ten were children. The skin lesions were solitary in three patients and multiple in seven. They were papular or nodular, up to 4 cm in diameter, and often had a xanthomatous appearance. Microscopically, they were constituted by a dermal infiltrate made up predominantly of histiocytes, plasma cells, and lymphocytes. Some of the histiocytes contained phagocytosed lymphocytes in their cytoplasm. The microscopic differential diagnosis includes dermatofibroma, xanthoma, Tangier disease, histiocytosis X, reticulohistiocytoma, juvenile xanthogranuloma, and leprosy.
Arch Dermatol 1978 Feb
PMID:The cutaneous manifestations of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy. 62 44

The ultrastructural examination of the skin lesions of 2 typical patients with subacute disseminated histiocytosis X 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 hours after the intravenous administration of vinblastine enabled us to observe that, after 12-24 hours, there were numerous Langerhans cells undergoing mitosis which had no spindle microtubules but showed fragments of newly forming nuclear membrane, thus demonstrating that mitosis was arrested in anaphase. Later on, in the Langerhans cells mainly, we observed degenerative phenomena (mitochondrial swelling, perinuclear edema and rupture of the plasma membrane) and, finally, a marked reduction in the number of this type of cells were observed.
Int J Dermatol 1975 Oct
PMID:Ultrastructural changes induced by vinblastine in cutaneous lesions of histiocytosis X. 117 45

The case is reported of a 56-year-old female who over 18 months developed a symmetrical eruption of hundreds of bluish-red papules, a small number of which have spontaneously resolved. The clinical and histopathological findings were compatible with the diagnosis of generalized eruptive histiocytoma. The ultrastructural findings in this case suggest that this condition which is in the non-X group of histiocytic disorders is closely related to histiocytosis X.
Br J Dermatol 1992 Feb
PMID:Generalized eruptive histiocytoma. 131 Nov 92

The aims of this study were to investigate the presence of gamma delta T cells in normal human skin, and the possible role of these cells in cutaneous reactions. Twenty-eight samples of normal skin from various sites, and 52 biopsies from inflammatory and neoplastic skin conditions were investigated by immunohistochemical techniques. In normal human skin gamma delta T cells were infrequently seen in the epidermis and dermis. In the inflammatory and neoplastic dermatoses, gamma delta T cells were occasionally present, accounting for 0-5% of CD3+ cells in most of the biopsies examined. In one case of pityriasis lichenoides chronica and one case of lichen planus gamma delta T cells were found to be increased, accounting for 15% of the CD3+ cells in each case. Dermal gamma delta T cells were markedly increased in three of six cases of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, with up to 30% of dermal CD3+ cells showing positive staining to an anti-T-cell receptor gamma delta monoclonal antibody. In two of these cases gamma delta T cells were seen in both the dermis and the epidermis. In two further cases dermal gamma delta T cells were not a prominent feature, but small clusters of epidermal gamma delta T cells were observed. T cells bearing the gamma delta T-cell receptor are thus not a major feature of normal human epidermis, unlike the murine system, where the great majority of epidermal lymphocytes express the gamma delta T-cell receptor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Br J Dermatol 1992 Nov
PMID:T lymphocytes bearing the gamma delta T-cell receptor: a study in normal human skin and pathological skin conditions. 146 83

For a better understanding of the pathogenetic events operative in the cutaneous manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease, we investigated whether epidermal cells (EC) from HIV-1-seronegative persons can be infected with HIV-1 and, vice versa, whether HIV-1 can be rescued from the epidermis of HIV-1-infected individuals. In a series of three experiments, we consistently found that exposure of EC from HIV-1-seronegative donors to HIV-1 led to viral replication in these cells as evidenced by the detection of HIV-1 p24 in culture fluids. Because EC had been substantially enriched for Langerhans cells (LC) before being exposed to HIV-1, it is reasonable to assume that these CD1a+/CD4+/MHC class II+ antigen-presenting cells of the epidermis represented the actual targets of infection. This assumption is further strengthened by the observation that T cell-depleted cell suspensions from Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) lesions could be productively infected with HIV-1. Conversely, co-culture of epidermal sheets from HIV-1-seropositive individuals with mononuclear phagocytes (MNP) from HIV-1-seronegative donors resulted, after 3 to 5 weeks, in the detection of HIV-1 p24 in 12 of 23 cases. Immunocytochemical analysis, using a monoclonal antibody specific for p24, revealed the presence of HIV-1 in adherent MNP in three cocultures tested. In addition, cellular DNA from these cultures showed strong signals when hybridized to a HIV-1-specific DNA probe. The further finding that two isolates examined exhibited different restriction enzyme patterns indicates that they are separate entities rather than contaminants. Transmission of these isolates to MNP, B- or T-cell lines resulted in cultures strongly positive for p24 and, in the case of H9 cells, for viral particles as detected by electron microscopy. Our results therefore strongly suggest that EC not only can serve as targets for HIV-1, but also can allow efficient virus replication and transmit HIV-1 to various cell types of the hematopoietic lineage.
J Invest Dermatol 1992 Sep
PMID:Isolation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from human epidermis: virus replication and transmission studies. 151 62

A generalized eruption of small, flat and shiny papules was observed in an otherwise healthy 6-month-old baby. The light and electron microscopical and immunohistological features of the self-healing lesions were consistent with juvenile xanthogranuloma and suggested an atypical lichenoid variant of this non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
Br J Dermatol 1992 Jan
PMID:Generalized lichenoid juvenile xanthogranuloma. 153 64


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