Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019621 (Langerhans cell histiocytosis)
 3,250 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The monoclonal antibody Ki-M1P recognizes a formalin/paraffin-resistant differentiation epitope of monocytes and their macrophage derivatives [Radzun et al., Lab Invest 65:306, 1991]. To evaluate its usefulness for neuropathology, we examined a variety of routinely processed tissues using immunohistochemistry. In normal brains, positivity was restricted to ramified microglial cells. Intense labeling of macrophages, ramified and ameboid microglial cells, and rod cells was seen in brains with various degenerative and inflammatory disorders. Astrocytes were negative as determined by double-immunofluorescence labeling using Ki-M1P and anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Histiocytic lesions (histiocytosis X, xanthogranulomas, granulomatous inflammation) were immunopositive. Among 107 tumors, reactivity of Ki-M1P was observed with some schwannoma and meningioma tumor cells. In addition to macrophages, most gliomas contained small, elongated Ki-M1P-positive cells, which were negative for GFAP. Positivity was also found in two glioblastoma cell lines. Immunoblotting performed on spleen, meningioma and glioblastoma specimens revealed one to three bands in the range of 110 to 130 kDa. We conclude that Ki-M1P can serve as a reliable marker for brain macrophages and microglial cells in routinely processed normal and non-neoplastic tissues, whereas due to the unexpected immunoreactivities results obtained with neoplastic tissues should be carefully interpreted.
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PMID:Ki-M1P as a marker for microglia and brain macrophages in routinely processed human tissues. 146 66

PURPOSE. The study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in orbital lesions. METHODS. Seventeen patients with orbital masses who had been fully investigated by non-invasive techniques participated in this study. FNAB was performed by standard technique, as an outpatient procedure, with ultrasound guidance in lesions posterior to the equator. A trained cytologist analysed all the smears. RESULTS. Specific results were obtained in 14 of the 17 (82%) patients studied by FNAB. Ten cases were neoplastic (8 malignant and 2 benign), 3 were inflammatory and 1 was a case of histiocytosis X. In 3/17 cases the results were non-specific. These were treated as pseudotumours and responded well to systemic steroids. In 7 cases the clinical and radiological diagnosis was confirmed by FNAB. Non-invasive investigations like USG, CT and MRI, however, failed to provide accurate diagnosis in the other 7 (41%) cases. In these patients, FNAB yielded a pathological diagnosis (histiocytosis X, cryptococcosis, non Hodgkin's lymphoma, adenocarcinoma, pleomorphic adenoma, Schwannoma and cysticercosis), helping us to modify treatment with an excellent response. No significant complications were encountered following the aspiration biopsies. CONCLUSION. FNAB proved to be a reliable method for distinguishing between malignant and non-malignant lesions. It was found to be rapid, accurate, cost-effective, safe and a valuable addition to ultrasound, CT scan and MRI in the diagnosis of orbital lesions. This tool may help in avoiding a traumatic surgical intervention.
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PMID:Fine needle aspiration biopsy in orbital lesions. 1204 31

Salivary gland tumors are uncommon and most of them are of epithelial origin. Mesenchymal tumors affecting the parotid are extremely rare, and we present a series of 19 cases. All parotid tumors (600 cases) treated at the Department of Head and Neck Surgery from A.C. Camargo Hospital, Brazil from 1953 to 2003 were reviewed and 19 cases of nonlymphoid mesenchymal origin were selected. The histological characteristics were reviewed and clinical features were obtained from the medical charts. 15 out of 19 were benign tumors, including 5 lymphangiomas, 5 neurofibromas, and one case each of schwannoma, lipoma, solitary fibrous tumor, meningioma and giant cell tumor. Four malignant tumors were classified as rhabdomyosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis and endodermal sinus tumor. From the malignant cases, only the patient with fibrosarcoma died due the tumor, the other three are alive with no signs of recurrence. In our series of 600 cases of parotid gland tumors, nonlymphoid mesenchymal tumors corresponded to 3.16% (19 cases; 15 benign and 4 malignant). All cases were treated by surgery with no recurrences, except one case of fibrosarcoma whose patient died of distant metastasis.
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PMID:Nonlymphoid mesenchymal tumors of the parotid gland. 1828 91