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Query: UMLS:C0019270 (hernia)
 15,856 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors report a case of a posterior translevator gluteal hernia in a woman with recurrent prolapse. This case illustrates the need to be aware of extravaginal perineal hernias. MRI proved useful in diagnosing this case preoperatively. This case highlights the need to exclude any associated pelvic hernias in women with complex prolapse preoperatively.
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PMID:Translevator gluteal hernia. 1179 47

A cystocele is a bladder hernia through the anterior wall of the vagina. It is common in elderly women. There is no clinico-anatomical correlation, but the functional disturbance, although both variable and variably experienced, remains a major factor in the indication of eventual surgery. Methodologic clinical examination should be made to seek anomalies of pelvic stasis associated with a more or less hidden urinary incontinence. The surgical technique should be chosen according to the age and the classification of the patient, determined by complementary examinations that range from simple to highly technical (echography, cystography and sometimes study of urinary dynamics and MRI). The surgeon should chose the technique of perineal support and clearly explain the possibility of failure or recurrence. Confidence between the patient and the surgeon remains the best guarantee of a good result of management. Such surgery can be proposed to women to request it for physical comfort, whereas the surgeon should be very cautious with regard to those who do not want to undergo surgery (but also with those who strongly insist on surgery).
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PMID:[Cystocele]. 1185 65

We report the case of a 61-year-old woman, who developed progressive paraparesia over a period of 8 months. Conventional X-rays of the thoracic spine showed an intra-spinal calcified lesion at T10. On CT-scan and MRI, the lesion appeared anterior to the cord, thus making a posterior approach hazardous. Total resection of this calcified meningioma was achieved through a right transthoracic transcorporeal approach, under close monitoring of the somatosensory evoked potentials. Despite a delayed pseudomeningocele formation requiring an additional thoracotomy, outcome after 7 years is excellent with no residual neurological deficit. No recurrence was seen on a CT-scan performed two years after the surgery. Calcified anterior meningiomas of the spine are rare lesions. Surgical outcome has been unfavorable for a long time in relation with posterior or postero-lateral approaches. Although anterior transthoracic procedures are routinely performed for extradural spinal lesions, this approach is rarely used for intradural lesions. A calcified anterior spinal thoracic meningioma should be managed like the more frequent calcified thoracic disk hernia, despite the increased risk of cerebrospinal fluid effusion requiring subsequent repair.
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PMID:[Transthoracic transvertebral approach for resection of an anteriorly located, calcified meningioma. Case report]. 1197 52

A prospective sequential MRI study was done to investigate the morphologic changes of the lumbar disc hernia (LDH). We also studied the relationship between the MRI changes and the type of LDH and the clinical outcome. MRI was performed every 3 months from the onset for a maximum of 24 months in 42 patients with radicular leg pain and symptoms definitely diagnosed as caused by LDH. The size of the herniated mass was determined by the ratio of the anteroposterior diameter of the spinal canal to the maximum diameter of the LDH mass on T2-weighted axial images. The clinical outcome was evaluated as excellent, good, or poor depending on leg pain and physical findings. The JOA (Japanese Orthopaedic Association) score for LDH was also used to assess the outcome. Thirty-seven (88%) of the 42 patients showed >50% reduction of the hernia on MRI 3-12 months after onset, and the morphologic changes of the herniated mass were well correlated with the clinical outcome.
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PMID:Natural history of lumbar disc hernia with radicular leg pain: Spontaneous MRI changes of the herniated mass and correlation with clinical outcome. 1246 36

Opened on November 1st, 2001, the Department of Neurosurgery has progressively grown to become worldwide renown in a few years. All the pathologies are covered, from lumbar disc hernia to intracranial tumors and vascular malformations. But the originality stays into the exceptional environment by the concentration of logistic resources and the ability of clinician and researchers who daily collaborate with the neurosurgical team. The Department of Neurosurgery has a strong reputation in several fields like intraspinal cord tumors or Pet-guided Neurosurgery in stereotactic biopsies, neuronavigation and Gamma Knife and, generally speaking, in the original approach of the treatment and follow-up of brain tumors. Neurodegenerative diseases also benefit of modern approaches trough the Gamma Knife, deep brain stimulation or fetal cell grafting into the brain in Parkinson and soon in Huntington diseases. Last but not least, the arrival for the 25th anniversary of Erasme Hospital of an interventional MRI will allow to follow in real-time the resection of brain tumors with an obvious benefit for the surgical performances and the quality of life of the patients. It will also open a new window for neurosurgical research through combination with functional MRI and Pet-Scan, reinforcing the reputation of Erasme Neurosurgical Department who has been distinguished in 1997 by the World Health Organisation as "WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Neurosurgery" and nominated again in 2002 for a new 4-year period, which is unique in the Neurosurgical World.
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PMID:[The neurosurgery department]. 1258 27

The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of MR imaging of the fetus to improve sonographic prenatal diagnosis of congenital anomalies. In 40 fetuses (not consecutive cases) with an abnormality diagnosed with ultrasound, additional MR imaging was performed. The basic sequence was a T2-weighted single-shot half Fourier (HASTE) technique. Head, neck, spinal, thoracic, urogenital, and abdominal fetal pathologies were found. This retrospective, observational study compared MR imaging findings with ultrasonographic findings regarding detection, topography, and etiology of the pathology. The MR findings were evaluated as superior, equal to, or inferior compared with US, in consent with the referring gynecologists. The role of these findings in relation to pregnancy management was studied and compared with postnatal follow-up in 30 of 40 babies. Fetal MRI technique was successful in 36 of 39 examinations and provided additional information in 21 of 40 fetuses (one twin pregnancy with two members to evaluate). More precise anatomy and location of fetal pathology (20 of 40 cases) and additional etiologic information (8 of 40 cases) were substantial advantages in cerebrospinal abnormalities [ventriculomegaly, encephalocele, vein of Galen malformation, callosal malformations, meningo(myelo)cele], in retroperitoneal abnormalities (lymphangioma, renal agenesis, multicystic renal dysplasia), and in neck/thoracic pathology [cervical cystic teratoma, congenital hernia diaphragmatica, congenital cystic adenomatoid lung malformation (CCAM)]. This improved parental counseling and pregnancy management in 15 pregnancies. In 3 cases, prenatal MRI findings did not correlate with prenatal ultrasonographic findings or neonatal diagnosis. The MRI provided a more detailed description and insight into fetal anatomy, pathology, and etiology in the vast majority of these selected cases. This improved prenatal parental counseling and postnatal therapeutic planning.
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PMID:The value of fast MR imaging as an adjunct to ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis. 1269 20

In this paper is valoriziaed the successfulness of the treatment of 1,431 patients with the verification disc hernia (CT, MRI) in the surgery for the physical medicine and the rehabilitation in the period from 1966 till 2000 year, by "Praxis method". It is established that in the structure of the treated patients by the structure of the treated patients by the application of this method the best results were achieved by disc hernia in the level L4-L5 without the motor deficiency (567 patients), with the average treatment length 24.38 days and the average estimation of the results 4.06 and then in patients with the disc hernia L5-S1. In disc hernia without diagnostic verified disorder of the motorics, the result of the physical therapy and the rehabilitation was better. This can be observed from the treatment successfulness estimation and the treatment length and number of days of the treatment. The longest treatment was by hernia L5-S1 with the motor disorderly (43.10 days), and the shortest in the disc lesion at the level L4-L5 (24.38 days). Among the patients with disc hernia which in this period were treated was operated only 58 or 4.05%. The age structure of the treated patients with disc hernia amounted averagelly 49.95 years, and the greatest number of the treated belonged to the age group 35 to 44 years.
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PMID:[Treatment of lumbar pain syndrome of disk etiology at the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic (Praxis) 1996-2000]. 1282 82

Cephalocele is a rare lesion mainly of congenital or traumatic origin. The lesion occurs as an extracranial hernia of dura mater that consists of cerebrospinal fluid only (meningocele) or cerebellar tissue (encephalocele). Some cephaloceles concern anterior cranial fossa and then are observed as hernias in nasal cavity or in paranasal sinuses. Three patients are presented. In 52 year woman, who was admitted due to idiopathic rhinorrhea (persisting 16 years) with periodical headache, the meningocele in right ethmoid sinus was diagnosed. The lesion was removed with the rhinosurgical approach and the defect in anterior cranial fossa was repaired with the free cartilaginous flap. 12 year boy was admitted due to the nasal tumor diagnosed by CT and MRI. The lesion was removed with the combined access: firstly the hernia sac was cut intracranially with the frontal craniotomy and then encephalocele was removed with lateral rhinotomy. Cranial fossa defect was repaired by the periosteum flap. In third case (8 year boy) encephalocele caused 5 incidences of purulent meningitis. CT and MRI showed the lesion in frontal sinus. Encephalocele was removed with rhinosurgical approach and the defect in posterior frontal wall was repaired with free cartilaginous and mucosal flaps. In all patients long term result of operations was good. Anatomic and pathologic conditions that influence on the choice of rhinosurgical or combined access to nasal and sinusal encephaloceles are presented and discussed.
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PMID:[Meningoencephalocele as rhinosurgical problem]. 1452 81

The goal of this article is to report our experience on intradural lumbar disc herniation, consider the causes of this pathology, and analyze it from clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic perspectives with a particular emphasis on the role of MRI in preoperative diagnosis. We analyzed nine patients treated surgically for intradural lumbar disc hernia. All of them underwent surgery, and hemilaminectomy was performed. In six cases, the diagnosis of intradural herniation was definitive and, in the three remaining, it was confirmed at surgery. In five cases, CT (with no contrast medium) of the lumbar area revealed disc herniation, but none could it confirm its intradural location. Myelography was performed in two cases but also could not prove intradural extrusion. Magnetic resonance imaging study was used in four cases. In five, the postoperative outcome has been excellent. Patients 6 and 9 recovered anal function postoperatively; patient 6 suffered from occasional and mild micturition urgency. The three patients previously operated (1, 2, 7) showed good outcome. Presently, we believe that radiologic diagnosis of intradural herniation is possible in carefully selected patients, thanks to MRI with gadolinium.
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PMID:Intradural lumbar disc herniations: the role of MRI in preoperative diagnosis and review of the literature. 1456 63

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the monitoring and diagnostic potential of MRI in fetal lung development and disease using lung volume and signal intensity changes through gestation. Thirty-five healthy fetuses (22-42 weeks) were examined on a 1.5- T MR system using sagittal T2w single-shot fast spin-echo imaging (TR indefinite, TE 90 ms, slice thickness/gap 3-5/0 mm, FOV 26-40 cm, NEX 0.5). Fetal body and lung were segmented manually and volumes calculated. Signal intensities (SI) of fetal lung and three reference values were measured on the section best displaying the lung. Regions of interests were defined by including the maximal organ area possible. The following SI ratios were generated: lung/liver, lung/amniotic fluid, lung/muscle, liver/fluid and liver/muscle. Volumes and ratios were correlated with gestational age. Data from seven fetuses with pulmonary pathology were compared with these normative values. Absolute lung volume varied from 12.3 to 143.5 cm(3) in correlation with gestational age ( P<0.001); lung volume relative to total body volume ranged from 1.6 to 5.0%, decreasing with gestational age ( P=0.001). All SI ratios measured were unrelated to gestational age. Diagnoses in the seven abnormal fetuses were hydrothorax ( n=2), congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation ( n=2), diaphragmatic hernia ( n=2) and pulmonary sequestration ( n=1); their absolute and relative lung volumes were below normal ( P<0.001). The SI ratios did not differ significantly from those in the normal population. Normative MR fetal lung volumes may have important clinical applications in confirming and quantifying intrauterine pulmonary hypoplasia and in complementing ultrasound in the planning of fetal and post-natal surgery. No clinical relevance was found for fetal lung SI values.
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PMID:MR assessment of fetal lung development using lung volumes and signal intensities. 1501 73


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