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Query: UMLS:C0019270 (hernia)
 15,856 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 12 patients syringomyelia was diagnosed using MRI. The underlying cause was a hindbrain hernia in 8 patients, a posterior fossa cyst in one case, and in 3 patients the underlying cause remained unknown. Syringo-subarachnoid shunting in 8 patients failed to decrease pain and the size of the syrinx, motor lesion and gait disturbance in the majority of patients. A cysto-peritoneal shunt in the patient with a posterior fossa cyst and a syringo-peritoneal shunt resulted in a decreasing syrinx and clinical improvement.
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PMID:MRI follow-up in syringomyelia. Observations from twelve cases. 823 10

During a 13-month period, 13 patients with asplenia syndrome were evaluated with MRI for cardiovascular and visceral anomalies. The MR images were reviewed for the presence of haitus hernia which was found in three patients. One of the remaining ten patients with no MRI evidence of hiatus hernia was diagnosed as having gastro-oesophageal reflux and hiatus hernia by an oesophagogram and 24-h pH monitoring. This patient had undergone fundoplication prior to MRI. Out of the 13 patients (31%) with asplenia syndrome, 4 had hiatus hernia. It appears that among patients with the asplenia syndrome, hiatus hernia is a frequent finding. Recurrent pneumonia or bronchiolitis in patients with asplenia syndrome requires evaluation for the presence of hiatus hernia and gastro-oesophageal reflux.
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PMID:Association of hiatus hernia with asplenia syndrome. 831 9

Thoracic disc herniation is a rare and slowly progressive disease which most commonly occurs at the lower thoracic spine without any preceding trauma. We reported a case with acutely developed vesicorectal dysfunction due to a ruptured disc at Th 11-12. This symptom disappeared soon after disc removal via the transpedicular approach combined with transversectomy. This 45-year-old woman suddenly suffered, without previous trauma, from severe back pain radiating down to the posterior thighs. Since difficulty in urination and defecatory incontinence succeeded two days later, she was transferred to our hospital. Neurological examination on admission revealed anesthesia below S1, hypotonic bladder with almost perfectly preserved urinary sensation, complete lack of anal reflex, and only weak motor function in the lower extremities. Both knee and ankle jerks were diminished bilaterally. A herniated disc was initially suspected at L5-S1 on the MRI, but denied by both myelography and CT myelography. These studies showed a disc hernia compressing the cord at Th 11-12 on the left side. Since the hernia was located centrolaterally, we employed the transpedicular approach. To make removal of the more centrally located hernia easier, we further added transversectomy of the twelfth vertebra. This hernia was successfully removed under the operating microscope without further damage to the cord being incurred. We did not perform any instrumental fixation, because we thought preservation of the rib and costvertebral joint could contribute to the stability of the spine. Her vesicorectal symptom subsided immediately after the operation. She was free of any symptoms except for the remaining mild perianal numbness a year and seven months postoperatively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Lower thoracic disc herniation with acutely developed vesicorectal dysfunction: case report]. 832 56

Intradural lumbar disc herniation is a rare pathological entity. Three new cases among a series of 5000 lumbar spine operations are added to the about 60 previous case reports in the literature. None of our patients had undergone lumbar spine surgery before. In one patient the location of the free disc fragment was medial within the dural sac; in two patients the free disc fragment had penetrated the dural sac from the axilla of the nerve root. Pathogenesis is discussed (congenital adhesions of the dura mater to the posterior longitudinal ligament at the lower lumbar spine; weakness of the dura mater ventrally and at the axilla of the nerve root). By multiplanar MRI, the free disc hernia within the dural sac may be shown preoperatively.
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PMID:Intradural lumbar disc herniations: report of three cases. 854 33

The combination of percutaneous manual and endoscopic Ho:YAG laser discectomy (PELD) is a new minimal intervention technique in treating patients with herniated lumbar discs that do not penetrate the posterior longitudinal ligament. The results in 100 patients treated with PELD were compared randomly with those in 100 patients treated by chemonucleolysis with chymopapain (CN) and 100 patients treated by automated percutaneous lumbar discectomy (APLD) at the same hospital. We followed the 300 patients postoperatively for 1 year, with physical examination, postoperative plain lumbosacral radiography, CT, MRI and a self-assessment questionnaire. Some 68% of the patients in the PELD group considered the outcome as excellent or good and 23% as fair; the corresponding figures were 55% and 27% in the CN group, and 48% and 32% in the APLD group. Nine percent of the patients in the PELD group underwent open microdiscectomy or were suffering from back pain with sciatica, compared with 18% in the CN group and 20% in the APLD group. PELD showed better extraction of the hernia mass than APLD and a lower rate of low back pain and less decrease in disc height than CN.
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PMID:[Comparison of percutaneous manual and endoscopic laser diskectomy with chemonucleolysis and automated nucleotomy]. 862 46

Morgagni hernias most commonly present in infancy or childhood with gastrointestinal or respiratory symptoms, resulting from visceral herniation into the thorax. They are much rarer in the adult, and may be misdiagnosed as pericardial masses. We report a case of a Morgagni hernia containing liver, which hindered cardiac imaging with echocardiography and angiography, and was best demonstrated with MRI.
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PMID:Case report: MRI appearances of left sided Morgagni hernia containing liver. 880 Aug 76

The purpose of the study was to define the MRI appearance of multilocular cystic nephroma (MLCN), using current MR techniques, including gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced sequences. Seven patients with MLCN underwent MR imaging with the following sequences: T1-weighted spin echo with fat suppression (T1FS, five patients), T1-weighted spoiled gradient echo (SGE, seven patients), T2-weighted fast spin echo (two patients), and Gd-enhanced T1FS (seven patients) and SGE (seven patients). MLCN was histologically proven by resection of the mass in six patients and by observation of typical imaging features with stability in appearance over a 6-month period in one patient. Lesion morphology and signal intensity (SI) features were retrospectively evaluated. MRI features of MLCN included a solitary cystic lesion with thin internal septations in six patients and a cluster of closely grouped cysts similar in size in one patient. Individual cystic spaces demonstrated SI, varying from low to high on T1-weighted images in three patients and demonstrated low-to-intermediate SI in four patients. Herniation of the lesions into the renal collecting system and thin enhancing septa were demonstrated in all patients. A complex cystic renal lesion with enhancing septa and herniation into the renal collecting system are the characteristic MR findings of MLCN. The direct multiplanar capability of MR may optimally show the relationship of MLCN to the renal pelvis and, thus, facilitate correct diagnosis.
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PMID:Multilocular cystic nephroma: MR imaging appearance with current techniques, including gadolinium enhancement. 885 19

Herniation of the calcified nucleus pulposus is a complication of intervertebral disc calcification. The herniated nucleus pulposus may assume an intraspinal location which may lead to cord compression and produce alarming neurological symptoms and radiographic images. Surgical intervention is, however, rarely necessary as complete resorption of the calcified disc material will generally occur. We report the case of a five years old boy with the symptoms of an acute tortcollis, radiographs of the cervical spine revealed calcification of C5/C6 intervertebral disc and MRI narrowing of the spinal canal. With conservative treatment his symptoms resolved within three weeks, three months later X-rays and MRI showed complete resolution of the calcification and herniation.
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PMID:[Protrusion of a calcified cervical intervertebral disk in a 5-year-old boy]. 956 84

Magnetic resonance imaging of the heart was used in a patient with a history of recurrent episodes of transient ischemic attacks in whom a left atrial mass was suspected on transesophageal echocardiography. The use of MRI clarified a diagnosis of a diaphragmatic hernia.
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PMID:MRI imaging of a left atrial mass misinterpreted by transesophageal echocardiography. 961 41

Transdural discal hernia is a rare complication of lumbar discal pathology. In this paper, we report five cases of transdural herniated disc and one intraradicular discal hernia. In the literature review, we found 97 cases since the first case described by Walter Dandy in 1942. The main risk in this exceptional location of discal hernia is to miss an intradural discal piece leading to a poor result. MRI or CT scan with intrathecal contrast can show an intradural lesion but they usually fail to indicate its precise nature.
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PMID:[Intradural lumbar disk hernias. Apropos of 6 cases and review of the literature]. 969 88


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