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Query: UMLS:C0019270 (hernia)
 15,856 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Diaphragmatic rupture is a serious complication of thoracoabdominal trauma. The condition may be missed initially. We describe the clinical course of a patient who sustained blunt abdominal trauma in a car accident. His diaphragmatic injury passed unnoticed, to present two years later with left tension viscerothorax, a rarely reported and hardly recognised entity. Nasogastric tube insertion aborted the emergency situation and the hernia was repaired successfully in a semielective setting.
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PMID:Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia: delayed presentation with tension viscerothorax--lessons to learn. 2348 76

The name of Parkinson is universally famous because of the eponymous disease. But as a man, James Parkinson (1755-1824), is poorly known. He was born, married and passed away in his St-Leonard parish in Shoreditch (London). After having studied Latin, Greek, natural philosophy, and stenography (shorthand), which he considered as the basic tools of any doctor, he studied for six months at the London Hospital Medical College, and served his apprenticeship as an apothecary-surgeon with his father for six years. Then he was qualified as a surgeon in 1784 at the age of 29 years. His activity has been deployed in three areas: 1) medicine, 2) political activism and social reformism, 3) paleontology and oryctology. As a physician, Parkinson has published several books, the most important concerned paralysis agitans (future Parkinson's disease), gout, complications of lightning (future Lichtenberg figures and keraunoparalysis), acute appendicitis (with his son John Parkinson) and hernias (diagnosis, development, dangers of hernia ruptures, and design of a simple truss). Its ideological and political commitment was manifested by joining two secret societies and publishing numerous pamphlets, many of which are signed by the pseudonym Old Hubert; he campaigned for a better representation of the people in Parliament, for greater social justice, for the defense and recognition of the rights of the poor, the insane, the children, and against children abuse. He published a small compendium of chemistry, he was one of the thirteen members who create the British Geological Society and is recognized as one of the founders of paleontology; as was Georges Cuvier (1769-1832), he remained a strong supporter of creationism and catastrophism. Distinguished oryctologist, he gave his name to several fossils, mainly molluscs.
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PMID:[James Parkinson (1755-1824) revisited]. 2350 22

A 45-year-old man visited our emergency room with left inguinal pain, mass and high-grade fever. Emergency surgery was performed with a primary diagnosis of left inguinal hernia. Although there was no hernia, there was a mass involving the spermatic cord in the left inguinal canal. We performed high orchiectomy because of the possibility of malignancy. Pathological findings showed eosinophilic infiltration in the mass lesion. An allergic inflammation was suspected to have occurred in the spermatic cord. His postoperative course was good.
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PMID:[A case report of eosinophilic funiculitis difficult to distinguish from incarceration of inguinal hernia]. 2355 61

The Fetal Treatment Center founded by Michael Harrison is credited as the birthplace of fetal surgery. His trainees in pediatric surgery subsequently founded fetal centers throughout the United States. In Europe, the advent of minimally invasive fetal surgical techniques led to the establishment of treatment centers led predominantly by perinatologists. More recently, perinatologists in North America have begun to play a greater role in the field of fetal intervention.Intrauterine transfusion for the treatment of hemolytic disease of the fetus/newborn was the first successful fetal intervention. Although not subjected to the rigors of clinical trials, this treatment has withstood the test of time. Interventions for other fetal disease states such as twin-twin transfusion and repair of fetal myelomeningocele were investigated in animal models followed by randomized clinical trials before widespread adoption. Tracheal occlusion for diaphragmatic hernia is still currently being investigated as the next promising step in fetal intervention.
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PMID:The history of fetal therapy. 2457 Jan 68

A 75-year-old Korean man was referred to our hospital with cramping abdominal pain. His chest X-ray showed an abnormal air shadow above the diaphragm, and computed tomography showed an abdominal viscera in the pericardium. We performed surgery and confirmed peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia with small bowel strangulation. Postoperative course was uneventful. Peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia is very rare in humans, so we report the case with a literature review.
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PMID:Small bowel strangulation due to peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia. 2469 66

Adriaan van den Spiegel (1578-1625) was a Flemish anatomist and physician. He was one of the most prominent anatomists at the University of Padua during the 17th century and became professor of anatomy and surgery there in 1619. He was privileged to have two of the most accomplished anatomists of that period, Fabricius ab Aquapendente and Iulius Casserius, as his teachers. His anatomical works were published after his death by his pupil Bucretius and his son-in-law Liberalis Crema, with illustrations procured from Casserius's unpublished anatomical atlas. He contributed significantly to establishing basic morphological facts about the developing embryo in his text De formato foetu liber singularis. In his book De humani corporis fabrica libri decem, Spiegel's lobe (caudate lobe) of the liver and the linea semilunaris (Spiegel's line) on the lateral side of the rectus abdominis muscle were described for the first time. Subsequently, Spigelian aponeurosis (between the lateral margin of the rectus abdominis and the linea semilunaris) and Spigelian hernia (lateral ventral hernia) were named after him. He was a renowned physician in his time and was the first to give a detailed description of malaria. He made significant contributions as a botanist: the genus Spigelia, which has six species, is named after him.
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PMID:Adriaan van den Spiegel (1578-1625): anatomist, physician, and botanist. 2481 Dec 38

We report a rare and interesting case of a pericecal hernia. A 34-year-old male presented to the emergency department with severe periumbilical pain, emesis and a prior syncopal episode. He noted a 3-month history of intermittent, colicky periumbilical pain. His abdominal examination demonstrated a palpable mass in the right lower quadrant, involuntary guarding and rebound tenderness. CT demonstrated dilated small-bowel loops and findings suggestive of ischemia. The patient was immediately taken to the operating room where a diagnosis of pericecal hernia was made. The patient underwent a reduction of the hernia and a repair of the mesenteric defect.
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PMID:Pericecal hernia: a rare form of internal hernias. 2496 6

SUMMARY - 'Idiopathic' herniation of the brain is a rare entity previously reported in 13 cases. It may be incidentally encountered in neuroimaging studies acquired for various clinical indications. We herein describe two cases of idiopathic brain herniation that were incidentally diagnosed. A 12-year-old boy presented with a six-month history of daytime sleepiness and sudden spells of sleep. Herniation of the left inferior temporal gyrus was revealed in MRI acquired with the suspicion of epilepsy. His overnight polysomnogram and multiple sleep latency tests were compatible with the diagnosis of narcolepsy. The other case, a two-year-old girl, was transferred from an outside hospital due to partial seizures with the fever. Herniation of the precuneal gyrus was encountered in MRI acquired after controlling her seizures with the initiation of phenytoin. The brain herniations of both patients were considered to be inconsistent with their medical conditions, so that they were symptom-free with only medical treatment for following three and six months, respectively. This is a rare presentation of idiopathic brain herniation as an incidental finding that accompanied narcolepsy and epilepsy. Awareness of this entity would avoid excessive surgical and medical treatments.
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PMID:Idiopathic brain herniation. A report of two paediatric cases. 2526 Feb 5

Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal hydrolase a-L-Iduronidase leading to accumulation of the GAGs, dermatan sulfate, and heparan sulphate, The disease spectrum includes a disorder with severe involvement and CNS disease Hurler disease (HPS I H) a chronic disease without CNS disease Scheie disease (HPS I S5) and the intermediate Hurler/Scheie disease(HPS I HIS).The urine GAGs pattern. confirmed by Iduronidase enzyme assay is diagnostic. Over 200 mutations exist. Genotype / phenotype correlation is poor but two nonsense mutations results in Hurler disease.The skeletal disease dysostosis multiplex (DM) is seen in severe variants of MPS I. The hypoplastic odontoid putting these patients at high risk of cervical cord damage. MPS IH (Hurler Disease) affected infants develop a spinal 'gibbus' deformity, persistent nasal discharge, middle ear effusions and frequent upper respiratory infection. They have "coarse", facial features, and an enlarged tongue. . Progressive upper airway disease leads to obstructive sleep apnoea. Corneal clouding and cognitive impairment appears, growth ceases. Joint stiffness and contractures limit mobility. Cardiac disease is universal. Death occurs before 10 years. SCHEIE patients are diagnosed as teenagers with hepatomegaly, joint contractures, cardiac valve abnormalities and corneal clouding . Prolonged survival with considerable disability without cognitive impairment is usual. MPS IH/S Hurler/Scheie. is diagnosed by 6.5 years, with variable skeletal and visceral manifestations without cognitive involvement. Joint stiffness, corneal clouding, , umbilical hernia, abnormal facies, hepatomegaly, joint contractures, and cervical myelopathy occur. Patients die in their 20s .Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) the standard treatment of MPS IH for 30 years is unpredictable .When performed before 2 years it can stabilize cognitive impairment. Hepatosplenomegaly, urine GAGs excretion, upper airways obstruction and cardiomyopathy improve . The coarse hair and facial features soften and corneas partly clear,but dysostosis multiplex and cervical instability are not improved. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in patients with MPS IH is associated with improved GAG excretion, left ventricular hypertrophy,sleep studies and liver size. The standard treatment of MPS IHIS and MIPS IS is ERT a-L-Iduronidase, laronidase, a life-long therapy. GAG excretion is reduced, respiratory function and physical endurance improve. Joint mobility improves but not dural thickening, cardiac valve lesions or eye changes. MPS I mice have been successfully treated with IDUA-expressing mesenchymaf stem cells . Gene therapy may be developed for MPS I, via an ex vivo approach demonstrated to improve even skeletal outcomes in animal models.
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PMID:Mucopolysaccharidosis type I. 2534 91

Herniation of the bowel through the foramen of Winslow is rare and accounts for 8% of all internal herniae. It typically presents clinically and biochemically as small bowel obstruction. It carries a high mortality as diagnosis is often delayed, despite bowel strangulation, as clinical signs are not typical and imaging may not be diagnostic. In the case presented here, a healthy 25-year-old man was admitted with sudden onset right-sided abdominal and back pain. He denied vomiting, and had opened his bowels. His bloods were normal and venous lactate <2; CT was not diagnostic. At laparotomy, he was found to have internal herniation of the terminal ileum through the foramen of Winslow, which was gangrenous and required resection. This paper discusses the difficulty in diagnosing internal herniation and poses the question as to whether we are too dependent on CT findings in the setting of an acute abdomen.
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PMID:Difficult diagnosis: internal herniation of the terminal ileum through the foramen of Winslow into the lesser sac. 2668 37


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