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Query: UMLS:C0019270 (hernia)
 15,856 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ethylene glycol alkyl ethers are frequently used in industry, and accidents due to them occur. Impaired hematopoietic function and genital injury in animal experiments have been reported. Of various alkyl radicals, those with a methyl radical strongly injure them. Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (EGDME) was administered to pregnant mice on the 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th days of pregnancy, which is the early stage of organ formation, for examination of its effect on feti, with special reference to the presence or absence of teratogenicity. Of 97 female mice mated and sampled, 490 mg/kg of EGDME was administered to 28 as Group A, 350 mg/kg to 23 as Group B, and 250 mg/kg to 23 as Group C. Only distilled water was given to 23 mice as a control group. 1. The mother mice showed no noteworthy ecological changes after conception in any group, but showed uneventful weight gain. No weight loss or abortion due to EGDME was observed in the experimental groups. 2. As a result of the oral administration of EGDME to pregnant mice, 20% of feti died in Group A, 13.1% in Group B, and 12.6% in Group C, the fetal mortality rate increasing with increasing dosage. 3. Surface deformity was observed in 19.2% in Group A, 5.1% in Group B, and 0.3% in Group C, the rate of deformity being high in large-dose groups. External brain was most frequent, and palpebral patency, caudal defect, peritoneal hernia, and cleft palate were observed in a small number of mice each. 4. As skeletal deformity, defect of the parietal bone was observed in the mice with external brain, but no other cranial abnormality was observed. Abnormalities of cervical vertebrae appeared in 45.9% in Group A, 33.6% in Group B, and 14.6% in Group C. Costal fusion occurred in 71.2% in Group A, 54.3% in Group B, and 21.5% in Group C.
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PMID:[The teratogenic effects of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether on mouse (author's transl)]. 719 15

Previous studies have indicated that ethylene glycol (EG) is a developmental toxicant in rats and mice primarily when ingested. This study was designed to establish no-observed-effect levels (NOELs) for developmental toxicity of EG administered by gavage in both rodent species. Dams were administered EG on Gestation Days 6-15; rats were given 0, 150, 500, 1000, or 2500 mg EG/kg/day; mice were dosed with 0, 50, 150, 500, or 1500 mg EG/kg/day. In rat dams given 2500 mg EG/kg/day, water consumption was increased during treatment and body weights were reduced throughout gestation; liver and kidney weights were increased at euthanization (Gestation Day 21). Relative liver weights were also increased at 1000 mg/kg/day. Effects observed in rat fetuses at 2500 mg/kg/day included the following: hydrocephaly; gastroschisis; umbilical hernia; fused, duplicated, or missing arches, centra, and ribs; poor ossification in thoracic and lumbar regions; and reduced body weights. Reduced body weights, duplicated or missing ribs, centra, and arches, and poor ossification were also observed in rat fetuses at 1000 mg/kg/day. In mice, there was no apparent treatment-related maternal toxicity. In mouse fetuses (Gestation Day 18), effects were observed at 1500 mg/kg/day and included reduced body weights, fused ribs and arches, poor ossification in thoracic and lumbar centra, and increased occurrence of an extra 14th rib. At 500 mg/kg/day, slight reductions in fetal body weight and increased incidences of extra ribs were observed. Under conditions of these studies, NOELs for developmental toxicity were 500 mg/kg/day for rats and 150 mg/kg/day for mice, indicating that mice were more susceptible than rats to the teratogenic effects of EG.
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PMID:Determination of a no-observed-effect level for developmental toxicity of ethylene glycol administered by gavage to CD rats and CD-1 mice. 758 22

Surgical repair of a discontinuity in traumatized or degenerated soft tissues is traditionally accomplished using sutures. A current trend is to reinforce this primary repair with surgical grafts, meshes, or patches secured with perforating mechanical devices (i.e., sutures, staples, or tacks). These fixation methods frequently lead to chronic pain and mesh detachment. We developed a series of biodegradable adhesive polymers that are synthetic mimics of mussel adhesive proteins (MAPs), composed of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA)-derivatives, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and polycaprolactone (PCL). These polymers can be cast into films, and their mechanical properties, extent of swelling, and degradation rate can be tailored through the composition of the polymers as well as blending with additives. When coated onto a biologic mesh used for hernia repair, these adhesive constructs demonstrated adhesive strengths significantly higher than fibrin glue. With further development, a precoated bioadhesive mesh may represent a new surgical option for soft tissue repair.
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PMID:Adhesive performance of biomimetic adhesive-coated biologic scaffolds. 2091 99

The diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) frequently is made after the exclusion of a mechanical etiology for a patient's symptoms. This case demonstrates that IBS symptoms can be caused by a rare complication of a common surgery: mesh herniorrhaphy repair. The patient is a 50-year-old woman who underwent periumbilical Marlex mesh herniorrhaphy 13 years before presentation. After her operation, the patient developed constipation (approximately one bowel movement per week) alternating with diarrhea for approximately 10 years. An abdominal radiograph showed large amounts of stool, and after a normal colonoscopy the patient was diagnosed with IBS. The patient was treated with tegaserod (Zelnorm) and polyethylene glycol (MiraLAX), which did not palliate her symptoms. The patient presented with obstructive symptoms and physical findings of an incarcerated umbilical hernia. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen confirmed an umbilical hernia involving a segment of small bowel with surrounding fecalization of enteric contents. During operative repair, the patient was found to have Marlex mesh fully eroded into the lumen of the small bowel, causing a partial obstruction. The involved section of small bowel was resected, and during serial follow-up the patient had complete resolution of her IBS-like symptoms. A discussion follows regarding the implications of mesh migration, and questions are posed for future research.
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PMID:Irritable bowel syndrome: a "mesh" of a situation. 2257 Apr 6

Hernia repair is one of the most common operations in general surgery, and its associated complications typically relate to infections, among others. The loading of antibiotics to surgical meshes to deliver them locally in the abdominal hernia repair site can be one way to manage infections associated with surgical implants. However, the amount of drug loaded is restricted by the low wettability of polypropylene (PP). In this work, plasma has been used to tailor the surface properties of PP meshes to obtain high loading of ampicillin while conserving the desired biological properties of the unmodified samples and conferring them with antibacterial activity. It was demonstrated that the new surface chemistry and improved wettability led to 3-fold higher antibiotic loading. Subsequently, a PEG-like dry coating was deposited from tetraglyme with low-pressure plasma which allowed maintaining the high drug loading and kept cell properties such as chemotaxis, adhesion and morphology to the same levels as the untreated ones which have shown long-standing clinical success.
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PMID:Antibiotic-loaded polypropylene surgical meshes with suitable biological behaviour by plasma functionalization and polymerization. 2632 24

Secure closure of the fascial layers after entry into the peritoneal cavity is crucial to prevent incisional hernia, yet appropriate purchase of the tissue can be challenging due to the proximity of the underlying protuberant bowel which may become punctured by the surgical needle or strangulated by the suture itself. Devices currently employed to provide visceral protection during abdominal closure, such as the metal malleable retractor and Glassman Visceral Retainer, are unable to provide complete protection as they must be removed prior to complete closure. A puncture resistant, biocompatible, and degradable matrix that can be left in place without need for removal would facilitate rapid and safe abdominal closure. We describe a novel elastomer (CC-DHA) that undergoes a rapid but controlled solid-to-liquid phase transition through the application of a destabilized carbonate cross-linked network. The elastomer is comprised of a polycarbonate cross-linked network of dihydroxyacetone, glycerol ethoxylate, and tri(ethylene glycol). The ketone functionality of the dihydroxyacetone facilitates hydrolytic cleavage of the carbonate linkages resulting in a rapidly degrading barrier that can be left in situ to facilitate abdominal fascial closure. Using a murine laparotomy model we demonstrated rapid dissolution and metabolism of the elastomer without evidence of toxicity or intraabdominal scarring. Furthermore, needle puncture and mechanical properties demonstrated the material to be both compliant and sufficiently puncture resistant. These unique characteristics make the biomaterial extraordinarily useful as a physical barrier to prevent inadvertent bowel injury during fascial closure, with the potential for wider application across a variety of medical and surgical applications.
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PMID:Transient phase behavior of an elastomeric biomaterial applied to abdominal laparotomy closure. 2857 17

Biomedical device-associated infection (BAI) is a great challenge in modern clinical medicine. Therefore, developing efficient antibacterial materials is significantly important and meaningful for the improvement of medical treatment and people's health. In the present work, we developed a strategy of surface functionalization for multifunctional antibacterial applications. A functionalized polyurethane (PU, a widely used biomedical material for hernia repairing) surface (PU-Au-PEG) with inherent antifouling and photothermal bactericidal properties was readily prepared based on a near-infrared (NIR)-responsive organic/inorganic hybrid coating which consists of gold nanorods (Au NRs) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The PU-Au-PEG showed a high efficiency to resist adhesion of bacteria and exhibited effective photothermal bactericidal properties under 808 nm NIR irradiation, especially against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Furthermore, the PU-Au-PEG could inhibit biofilm formation long term. The biocompatibility of PU-Au-PEG was also proved by cytotoxicity and hemolysis tests. The in vivo photothermal antibacterial properties were first verified by a subcutaneous implantation animal model. Then, the anti-infection performance in a clinical scenario was studied with an infected hernia model. The results of animal experiment studies demonstrated excellent in vivo anti-infection performances of PU-Au-PEG. The present work provides a facile and promising approach to develop multifunctional biomedical devices.
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PMID:Well-Defined Gold Nanorod/Polymer Hybrid Coating with Inherent Antifouling and Photothermal Bactericidal Properties for Treating an Infected Hernia. 3201 35