Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019270 (hernia)
 15,856 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 69 year old man receiving echothiophate eye drops for glaucoma was given a controlled infusion of succinylcholine during elective surgery for incisional hernia. Neuromuscular blockade was assessed by the measurement of the force of contraction of the adductor pollicis muscle. Only 9.5 mg succinylcholine were required for tracheal intubation and 1.1 mg/min for maintenance. When the infusion was stopped, recovery of neuromuscular transmission was rapid and uneventful. Plasma cholinesterase activity was 62 per cent below normal, but the enzyme was qualitatively normal. Thus, muscle relaxation can be achieved safely with a succinylcholine infusion in patients with decreased plasma cholinesterase activity if neuromuscular function is closely monitored.
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PMID:Controlled succinylcholine infusion in a patient receiving echothiophate eye drops. 728 94

Previous research has shown substantial decrements in enzymes of drug metabolism (esterases) in older patients following fracture neck of femur and hip replacement surgery. The main aim of this study was to examine the effect of open inguinal hernia repair on the activities of four plasma esterases in old and young patients. Seventeen older patients (mean age+/-S.E.M. was 67.6+/-1.8) and 12 young patients (mean age+/-S.E.M. was 38+/-3.3) undergoing open hernia repair for clinical reasons were recruited. The activities of plasma benzoylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, acetylcholinesterase, and aspirin esterase were determined spectrophotometrically, before the operation, 1 day post operatively and 1 week later. There was no significant effect of hernia repair surgery on any of the four enzymes measured in young or old patients. Neither was there any significant difference in enzyme activity between young and old at any of the three time points. Hernia repair surgery is not associated with decrements in enzymes of drug metabolism in man. This contrasts with the previous findings in hip replacement surgery.
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PMID:Plasma esterase activities in young and old patients undergoing open inguinal hernia repair. 1115 73

Gastroesophageal reflux and intestinal distension have been described in survivors of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Deficient enteric innervation demonstrated in experimental models is a likely explanation for these symptoms. This study aimed at further characterizing these anomalies and examining esophageal and intestinal motility in this condition. Pregnant rats received either nitrofen or vehicle on E9.5. Sections of E15, E18, and E21 esophagus and small bowel were stained for protein gene product 9.5, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) diaphorase (NADPHd), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The proportion of neural tissue/muscle surface was measured and the NADPHd- and AChE-positive motor endplates (MEPs) were counted. E18 and E21 stomachs were stained for AChE, the ganglia were counted and measured. The peristalsis of the esophagus and small bowel was video recorded. The relative neural/muscle surface and the number of NADPHd- and AChE-positive MEPs were decreased on E15 and E18 in the esophagus and small bowel of embryos with CDH, but they tended to improve on E21. The number and the mean surface of stomach ganglia were smaller in E18 and E21 fetuses with CDH. Peristaltic movements were decreased in the esophagus and small bowel of animals with CDH. Deficient enteric innervation impaired gastrointestinal motility in experimental CDH. This could explain some long-term morbidity in the human condition.
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PMID:Enteric nervous system and esophageal-gastrointestinal motility in experimental congenital diaphragmatic hernia. 2368 64