Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019270 (hernia)
 15,856 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A recently described injection formulation for diazepam, consisting of an oil emulsion where the drug is dissolved in the oil phase, has been found to give a lessened degree of side reactions than commercially available preparations. This emulsion formulation was compared to Valium inj. as premedication in patients undergoing operation for hernia or varices under epidural anaesthesia. The effects, measured as the degree of drowsiness according to an arbitrary scale, were found to be equal for the two formulations. Neither was there any difference in blood concentrations in the two application groups, respectively, between the preparations used. The propylene glycol content of Valium inj. is said to cause a delayed release of the drug from the injection site after i.m. application, and this is briefly discussed, as well as the possibility of administering the diazepam emulsion continuously, diluted with Intralipid, without the risk of precipitation.
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PMID:Parenteral use of diazepam in an emulsion formulation. A clinical study. 91 Jun 13

We report a 4-year-old boy with fulminating meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae (Hib). He suddenly developed fever, vomiting and then somnolence. As bacterial meningitis was suspected, treatment with antibiotics was started at 12 hours after the onset. However, there was a rapid progression of severe brain edema and brain hernia, leading to clinical brain death. His clinical course and neuroradiological findings mimicked those in patients with acute encephalopathy, with cytokine profiles in cerebrospinal fluid demonstrating a marked increase of inflammatory cytokines. From a review of the literature, fulminating Hib meningitis may be classified into two disease types: DIC plus multiple organ failure and acute brain swelling types. The present case belongs to the latter type, in which cytokine storm seems to play an important pathogenic role.
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PMID:[Fulminating meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae with rapid progression of severe brain edema similar to acute encephalopathy]. 1992 44

SUMMARY - 'Idiopathic' herniation of the brain is a rare entity previously reported in 13 cases. It may be incidentally encountered in neuroimaging studies acquired for various clinical indications. We herein describe two cases of idiopathic brain herniation that were incidentally diagnosed. A 12-year-old boy presented with a six-month history of daytime sleepiness and sudden spells of sleep. Herniation of the left inferior temporal gyrus was revealed in MRI acquired with the suspicion of epilepsy. His overnight polysomnogram and multiple sleep latency tests were compatible with the diagnosis of narcolepsy. The other case, a two-year-old girl, was transferred from an outside hospital due to partial seizures with the fever. Herniation of the precuneal gyrus was encountered in MRI acquired after controlling her seizures with the initiation of phenytoin. The brain herniations of both patients were considered to be inconsistent with their medical conditions, so that they were symptom-free with only medical treatment for following three and six months, respectively. This is a rare presentation of idiopathic brain herniation as an incidental finding that accompanied narcolepsy and epilepsy. Awareness of this entity would avoid excessive surgical and medical treatments.
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PMID:Idiopathic brain herniation. A report of two paediatric cases. 2526 Feb 5