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Query: UMLS:C0019270 (hernia)
 15,856 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Morgagni hernia is a rare condition in childhood, and it may be asymptomatic or produce respiratory symptoms. Two cases with Morgagni hernias are presented. Both patients had occasionally respiratory infection, coughing and fever. The diagnosis was made with a chest radiograph taken for respiratory infection. They were treated surgically and they were discharged in uneventful condition.
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PMID:Pediatric Morgagni hernia. Report of two cases. 867 31

We present two cases of inguinoscrotal hernia that contains stomach, both associated with a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; one of them is shown with a intermittent gastric obstruction syndrome, the other being a radiological finding in a patient with dispeptic symptoms. The first one died of a respiratory infection, before operation, and the second refused operation because of his scarce symptomatology. A review of the literature shows 60 cases reported including our cases.
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PMID:[Stomach in inguinal-scrotal hernia]. 922 Oct 23

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) occurs in approximately 1:2,500 human births and has high morbidity and mortality rates, primarily due to pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension. Tracheal occlusion (TO), in experimental animals, distends lungs and increases lung growth and alveolar type I cell maturation but decreases surfactant components and reduces alveolar type II cell density. We examined effects of CDH and CDH+TO on lung growth and maturation in fetal rats. To induce CDH, we administered nitrofen (100 mg) to dams at 9.5 days of gestation. We compared lungs from fetuses with CDH, CDH+TO, and those exposed to nitrofen without CDH. CDH decreased lung wet weight bilaterally (P < 0.0001) and DNA content in lung ipsilateral to CDH (P < 0.05). CDH+TO significantly increased lung wet weights bilaterally; DNA content was intermediate between CDH and NC. To evaluate effects on the distal pulmonary epithelium, we examined surfactant mRNA and protein levels, type I and II cell-specific markers (RTI(40) and RTII(70), respectively), and transcriptional regulator thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1). Decreased lung distension (due to CDH) increased SP-C mRNA and TTF-1 protein expression and reduced RTI(40) (P < 0.05 for all). Increased lung distension (due to CDH+TO) reduced expression of SP mRNAs and pro-SP-C and TTF-1 proteins and enhanced expression of RTI(40) (mRNA and protein; P < 0.05 for all). We conclude that CDH+TO partially reverses effects of CDH; it corrects the pulmonary hypoplasia and restores type I cell differentiation but adversely affects SP expression in type II cells. These effects may be mediated through changes in TTF-1 expression.
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PMID:Congenital diaphragmatic hernia, tracheal occlusion, thyroid transcription factor-1, and fetal pulmonary epithelial maturation. 1576 45

Although cardiac defects are thought to have deleterious effects on the outcome of general pediatric surgery due to low cardiac output syndrome and hypoxemia, both pediatric surgery and cardiac surgery can be performed at the optimal timing with good results. However, some conditions requiring pediatric surgery may have deleterious effects on the outcome of cardiac surgery. Airway obstructive diseases sometimes require concomitant repair of the associated cardiac defects. In particular, tracheal stenosis may be repaired in cooperation with not only general pediatric and cardiac surgeons but also with pediatric thoracic surgeons who work in other healthcare institutions. Low birth-weight infants with symptomatic patent ductal artery are at risk of poor outcome. For patients with right isomerism, midgut malrotation or sliding hernia should be diagnosed early and repaired at the optimal timing to prevent urgent surgical intervention. Pediatric surgery should be performed at the optimal timing to prevent any deleterious effects on cardiac defects. Moreover, respiratory infection and neurologic disease should be treated to reduce late deaths.
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PMID:[Optimal timing of pediatric surgery to prevent deleterious effects on associated cardiac defects]. 2181 10

A congenital pulmonary malformation, such as pulmonary sequestration or congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation, should be suspected in infants with recurrent lower respiratory symptoms or unifocal infiltrations. The possibility of congenital pulmonary malformation associated with additional abnormalities, such as diaphragmatic hernia, is relatively high and can lead to misdiagnosis. We report a case of a 6-month-old girl who presented with relapsing respiratory infection and hematemesis. Computerized axial tomography scan and barium swallowing study were performed, revealing a suspected intralobar pulmonary sequestration associated with sliding gastric hernia. Since the patient's condition was complicated by sliding hernia, pneumonia and pleural effusion, a surgical procedure instead of cardiac catheterization with coil embolization was performed. During surgery, the absence of a sliding gastric hernia but a diaphragmatic eventration was noted. Only a partial portion of the left-side diaphragm was relaxing, making the barium swallowing study difficult to interpret. This case serves as a reminder that if pulmonary sequestration is suspected, a full work-up with a complete set of imaging studies should be ordered for the possible detection of associated gastrointestinal, respiratory and thoracic abnormalities.
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PMID:Pulmonary sequestration and diaphragmatic eventration in a 6-month-old infant. 2234 98

Umbilical hernias occur frequently in children but complications are very rare and thus surgery is not routinely indicated. In this literature review, we report 19 cases of spontaneous evisceration of abdominal contents through umbilical hernias. Precipitating causes included umbilical ulceration or sepsis, crying, respiratory infection, intussusception and ascites. Management involved resuscitation and surgical repair. Mortality is low. As the incidence of spontaneous rupture is very low, the current management of an umbilical hernia remains appropriate. However, we encourage physicians to be aware of the potential risk factors for spontaneous rupture and in these patients expedite surgical repair.
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PMID:A literature review of spontaneous evisceration in paediatric umbilical hernias. 2246 20

Congenital cystic lung lesions are rare. Mainly affects the lower respiratory patishta.i are congenital cystic malformation and adematozna bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS). The pathogenesis of the occurrence of these malformations is not clear but they have a common clinical course. In most cases, the anomaly is asymptomatic and occurs with infections of the lung during the first year of life. Currently congenital lung lesions were classified into five types and is considered by most authors. The anomaly is due to the abnormal proliferation of terminal bronchioles accompanied by inhibition of alveolar development between 7-17 weeks, obstructed airway dysplasia and metaplasia of normal lung tissue. Early diagnosis is vital in making a medical decision on how to treat CCAM. Associated with abnormalities of the urinary tract, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal atresia, diaphragmatic hernia skeletal abnormalities. In pregnancies in which prenatal lung lesions weighs registered necessary series of ultrasound examinations to track finding and using the Doppler to assess how the blood supply of the fault. The clinical presentation of malformations is respiratory distress, respiratory infection, and dyspnea. The use of CT and MRA allows better visualization of the pulmonary lesions. With its combination with arteriography and bronchoscopy are used to differentiate CCAM and pulmonary sequestration. We present three cases with lung lesions were born in Neonatologia clinic at the University Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology "Maternity" Sofia for the period 2010-2012 three cases CCAMs type 1, operated by 5 meters after birth with a good final outcome without complications in the postoperative period and lack of pulmonary symptoms up to 1 year after birth.
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PMID:[Congenital cystic lung lesions--review of the literature with three clinical cases]. 2380 78

BACKGROUND Providing anesthesia to immunocompromised patients introduces unique challenges, including difficulty in detecting respiratory infections. Detailed preoperative evaluation and preparation for perioperative complications is crucial. Human metapneumovirus is a common but lesser known respiratory virus that can lead to pneumonia and respiratory compromise and is challenging to detect in the immunocompromised patient. CASE REPORT We present a case of an immunocompromised individual scheduled for umbilical hernia repair who developed severe bronchospasm and intraoperative respiratory failure after induction of general anesthesia. Preoperative evaluation of this patient revealed only minor respiratory symptoms and minimal rhonchi on lung auscultation. This patient did not meet extubation criteria in the operating room and was transferred to the medical intensive care unit. Human metapneumovirus was detected in his lower respiratory tract as the cause of the pneumonia and respiratory failure. CONCLUSIONS This case illustrates the difficulty in predicting pulmonary complications in immunocompromised patients and the potential severity of a respiratory infection with Human metapneumovirus. Detecting respiratory infections preoperatively in the immunocompromised patient is important for considering preoperative treatment or postponing elective surgery and potentially avoiding intraoperative respiratory failure.
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PMID:Intraoperative Acute Respiratory Failure in an Immunocompromised Patient with Human Metapneumovirus. 2954 13

A 70-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with symptoms of a lower respiratory infection. A chest x-ray showed enlargement of the mediastinal space. The patient was admitted with a respiratory tract infection and started on antibiotic treatment. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the thorax revealed a large diaphragmatic hernia with stomach, large intestine and caudal pancreas lodged in the thoracic cavity. After the antibiotic treatment, the patient became asymptomatic and surgery repair was declined. Morgagni hernia is an uncommon type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia, which may be asymptomatic until late in life or may be present acutely with life threatening conditions.
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PMID:Large Morgagni Hernia in an Adult Patient. 3075 52