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Query: UMLS:C0019270 (hernia)
 15,856 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Over a 7 year period, intestinal obstruction accounted for 41.7 per cent of abdominal emergencies and 1.03 per cent of all paediatric admissions at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Of the total 76 cases of acute intestinal obstruction, intussuception was seen in 34 (44.7%), peritoneal adhesions in 17 (22.4%), obstructed hernia in 14 (18.4%), roundworm impaction in 4 (5.3%), volvulus in 3 (4.0%) while faecal impaction and mesenteric cysts were encountered in 2 children each (2.6%). Generally the patients presented late to the hospital and this accounted for the high post-operative morbidity and prolonged hospital stay. Wound infection occurred in 21.1 per cent of patients and formed the commonest post-operative complication. The overall mortality was 21.1 per cent.
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PMID:Acute intestinal obstruction in Nigerian children. 271 54

A case of a hernia traversing the lesser sac with a primary defect in the greater omentum and a secondary defect in the lesser omentum is reported herein. This type of internal hernia is extremely rare and we have found only three other reported cases apart from our case. All four cases in whom this type of hernia occurred were young people. The general manifestation resembles acute intestinal obstruction and a plain radiograph shows obstruction of the upper small intestine. An erect lateral view of the abdomen often shows the anatomical location more clearly. Bowel resection was performed in two cases and all of the four reported cases recovered uneventfully.
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PMID:A case of intestinal obstruction due to a hernia traversing the lesser sac. 273 82

A previously undescribed type of congenital abdominal wall hernia is described. Presentation was with the symptoms and signs of subacute large bowel obstruction. The diagnosis was suggested by barium enema and confirmed at laparotomy.
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PMID:Intestinal obstruction secondary to a congenital pre-iliac hernia. 278 Apr 60

Patterns of mortality among members of the Seneca Nation of Indians between January 1, 1955, and December 31, 1984, were investigated. The study cohort consisted of all members of the Seneca Nation residing in New York State who were listed in the tribal rolls as of January 1, 1955 (n = 3,262). Deaths among cohort members were identified through a computer match against New York State vital records files. Sex-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated on the basis of mortality patterns exhibited by the general population of New York State, exclusive of New York City. Seneca Nation males demonstrated an excess of deaths from all causes (SMR = 124), while all-cause mortality among Seneca Nation females did not differ from that expected (SMR = 106). Both males and females exhibited excess mortality from infectious diseases, diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis of the liver, and accidents and injuries. Excess mortality was also noted among males for deaths due to atherosclerosis and hernia/intestinal obstruction and among females for deaths due to pneumonia, chronic nephritis, and homicide. Both sexes exhibited a deficit of deaths due to malignant neoplasms and circulatory diseases. Findings from this study will be useful to those responsible for the planning and implementation of health care programs among the Seneca Nation of Indians and other Native American groups.
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PMID:Mortality in a northeastern Native American cohort, 1955-1984. 292 27

We describe two patients with strangulated obturator hernia to enhance clinical awareness of the varied presentations of this uncommon hernia, which occurs especially in elderly women with either recurrent abdominal pain or partial intestinal obstruction, a positive Howship-Romberg sign, and an absent thigh adductor reflex. Early laparotomy for unexplained bowel obstruction is essential to avoid the complications associated with strangulated obturator hernia.
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PMID:Strangulated obturator hernia: can mortality be reduced? 304 79

We present our experience over five and a half years of acquired hernias of the diaphragm. Each case represents a different presentation of this condition, which may follow blunt or penetrating trauma or iatrogenic injury. Diaphragmatic hernia may present in the acute phase after injury but late presentation may occur after many years, with chronic abdominal or respiratory symptoms, or with acute intestinal obstruction. The problems in diagnosis and management are discussed.
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PMID:Acquired hernias of the diaphragm. 318 78

Paraduodenal hernia. The paraduodenal hernia is the most common type of intraabdominal hernia. There exists a right and left variety, both of them with their own specific pathogenesis. The clinical manifestations range from intermittent and mild digestive problems to acute intestinal obstruction. An exact preoperative diagnosis is seldom made. The knowledge of their pathogenesis and the anatomical characteristics is very important for a successful surgical treatment.
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PMID:[Paraduodenal hernia: an unusual cause of intestinal obstruction]. 323 75

Small intestinal obstruction remains a frequently encountered problem in abdominal surgery. Although modern day surgical management continues to focus appropriately on avoiding operative delay whenever surgery is indicated, not every patient is always best served by immediate operation. Certain entities, such as SBO secondary to incarcerated abdominal wall hernia, and patients with clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of strangulation do require prompt operative intervention. Other conditions, however, such as postoperative adhesions and neoplastic-associated SBO, particularly in patients with numerous previous abdominal procedures, concomitant medical problems, or incomplete or partial obstruction, often justifiably benefit by a trial of nonoperative management. The risk of strangulation with adhesive and neoplastic SBO is relatively low as compared with incarcerated hernia and small bowel volvulus. Close and careful clinical evaluation, in conjunction with laboratory and radiologic studies, will usually dictate the proper course of management in any given case. If any uncertainty exists, prompt operative intervention is indicated. Because over 50 per cent of all cases of SBO are the direct result of postoperative adhesions, it is probably just as important as the actual management of SBO for all practicing abdominal surgeon to familiarize themselves with the widely accepted "ischemic theory" of adhesion formation. A number of intraoperative measures, many of which go against established surgical principles, are now encouraged during routine elective abdominal surgery to reduce the incidence of detrimental adhesions that might subsequently produce SBO. At the same time, surgeons should continue their aggressive attitude towards elective repair of any and all abdominal hernias, which continue to account for close to 15 per cent of all cases of small intestinal obstruction and still remain the most common cause of strangulation.
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PMID:Small intestinal obstruction. 329 52

Our experience with closure of loop ileostomies between the years 1975-1986 was reviewed. Ninety-three percent of stoma closures were done by simple transverse suture. The overall complication rate was 17%. Of the early postoperative complications (13%), the major complication was small bowel obstruction especially in patients where the stoma was protecting a pelvic ileal reservoir. Abdominal septic complications (postclosure) were rare (1%). These were generally caused by unrecognized enteric tears during the mobilization of the stoma rather than anastomotic leakage. A careful operative technique is required. The wound infection rate after healing by both secondary intention and primary skin closure was low (3%) and mainly superficial. Only one incisional hernia was observed in the late postoperative period. In three patients a posterior rectus sheath defect at the stoma site was found incidentally at laparotomy, without clinical evidence of an incisional hernia. Closure of a loop ileostomy is a safe operation with a low morbidity. In patients with a previous total colectomy there was a significant risk of small bowel obstruction after ileostomy closure.
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PMID:The outcome of loop ileostomy closure in 293 cases. 332 Feb 31

Five patients with chronic traumatic diaphragmatic hernia presented with symptoms of acute intestinal obstruction and unilateral pleural effusion. In each case, infarcted herniated abdominal structures were found at surgery. The presence of an ipsilateral pleural effusion is an important radiographic sign, which may indicate strangulation in patients with chronic traumatic diaphragmatic hernia.
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PMID:Chronic traumatic diaphragmatic hernia: the significance of pleural effusion. 340 97


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