Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019270 (hernia)
 15,856 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The intravenous glucose tolerance test (I.V.G.T.T.) was used to diagnose chemical diabetes during pregnancy in 180 women, 50 of whom subsequently received chlorpropamide therapy in a daily dosage of 100 mg; the remainder had no drug therapy.Preliminary work showed the I.V.G.T.T. to be reproducible in the second and third trimesters but not in the puerperium in normal pregnancy. Though intravenous glucose tolerance deteriorates between the second and third trimesters in women with no features of diabetes, a significant improvement occurs after a course of chlorpropamide in a daily dosage of 100 mg during pregnancy in chemical diabetes, but this treatment did not enhance the rate of return to normal glucose tolerance post partum.Plasma glucose and insulin studies showed no evidence of hypoglycaemia or hyperinsulinism in the mother at delivery or in the newborn when chlorpropamide had been used compared with a group receiving no such treatment. In the infants of the chlorpropamide-treated mothers there was a suggestion of an increased rate of glucose disposal in response to a glucose challenge, but no increase in birth weight.There were two fetal deaths in the 50 pregnancies of mothers treated with chlorpropamide, one being due to a mistaken premature delivery and the other to a diaphragmatic hernia. Thus chlorpropamide in a dose of 100 mg a day has been shown to reverse chemical diabetes diagnosed and treated in pregnancy without apparent risk to the fetus.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of chlorpropamide in chemical diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy. 471 41

Prepregnancy diabetes and obesity have been identified as independent risk factors for several birth defects, providing support for a mechanism that involves hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in the development of malformations. Data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study from 1997 to 2007 were used to investigate the association between the maternal dietary glycemic index (DGI) and the risk of birth defects among nondiabetic women. DGI was categorized by using spline regression models and quartile distributions. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The joint effect of DGI and obesity was also examined. Among the 53 birth defects analyzed, high DGI, categorized by spline regression, was significantly associated with encephalocele (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.68), diaphragmatic hernia (aOR = 2.58), small intestinal atresia/stenosis (aOR = 2.97) including duodenal atresia/stenosis (aOR = 2.48), and atrial septal defect (aOR = 1.37). Using quartiles to categorize DGI, the authors identified associations with cleft lip with cleft palate (aOR = 1.23) and anorectal atresia/stenosis (aOR = 1.40). The joint effect of high DGI and obesity provided evidence of a synergistic effect on the risk of selected birth defects. High DGI is associated with an increased risk of a number of birth defects under study. Obesity coupled with high DGI appears to increase the risk further for some birth defects.
 ...
PMID:Dietary glycemic index and the risk of birth defects. 2317 74