Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019270 (hernia)
 15,856 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The watermelon stomach is an uncommon but treatable cause of chronic gastrointestinal bleeding. We report our experience with the clinical and endoscopic features of 45 consecutive patients treated by endoscopic Nd:YAG laser coagulation. The prototypic patient was a woman (71%) with an average age of 73 years (range of 53-89 years) who presented with occult (89%) transfusion-dependent (62%) gastrointestinal bleeding over a median period of 2 years (range of 1 month to > 20 years). Autoimmune connective tissue disorders were present in 28 patients (62%), especially Raynaud's phenomena (31%) and sclerodactyly (20%). Atrophic gastritis occurred in 19 of 19 (100%) patients, with hypergastrinemia in 25 (76%) of 33 patients tested. Antral endoscopic appearances included raised or flat stripes of ectatic vascular tissue (89%) or diffusely scattered lesions (11%). Proximal gastric involvement was present in 12 patients (27%), typically in the presence of a diaphragmatic hernia. Endoscopic laser therapy after a median of one treatment (range of 1-4) resulted in complete resolution of visible disease in four patients (13%) and resolution of > 90% in 24 patients (80%). Hemoglobin levels normalized in 87% of patients over a median follow-up period of 2 years (range of 1 month to 6 years) with no major complications. Blood transfusions were not necessary after laser therapy in 86% of 28 initially transfusion-dependent patients. The characteristic clinical, laboratory, and endoscopic features allow for a confident diagnosis that can lead to successful endoscopic treatment.
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PMID:The clinical and endoscopic spectrum of the watermelon stomach. 147 75

Reflux esophagitis is more frequent in developed countries, and its prevalence increased in Japan in these 1/4 centuries. These increase might be based on the increase in the population of the elderly, advances in endoscopic technology, increase in the interest on esophagitis, and declined prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection. Main pathogenesis on the reflux esophagitis are classified as 2 components. One is the motility factor of the stomach and the esophagus. Distention of the stomach causes transient LES relaxation(TLESR), leading acid reflux into the esophagus. Delayed gastric emptying enhances gastric distention, causing TLESR. Resting LES pressure might be lower than normal. Hiatal hernia is also an exaggerating factor, causing repeated reflux from the hernia sac. The other main cause is the intact acid secretion causing enough to injure the esophageal mucosa. Gastric atrophy due to Helicobacter pylori infection would be protective factor for reflux esophagitis.
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PMID:[Pathophysiology of reflux esophagitis]. 1100 3