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Query: UMLS:C0019270 (hernia)
 15,856 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The incidence of umbilical hernia in a family of Cornish rex cats approximated monogenic proportions. The genetic and developmental basis for umbilical hernia may be similar in cats and dogs. The defect is probably a polygenic threshold character, possibly involving a major gene whose expression is mediated by the genetic (breed) background.
Vet Rec 1977 Jan 01
PMID:Genetic aspects of umbilical hernia incidence in cats and dogs. 83 9

Close phenotypic similarity between two cases carrying a rec(3) dup q,inv(3) (p25q21), 12 additional infants from the same inv (3)(p25q21) kindred who lived less than 1 year, and eight cases studied in other medical centers has led us to postulate the existence of a distinct chromosome 3 duplication-deletion syndrome. In the presence of trisomy for (3)q21 leads to qter and monosomy for (3)p25 leads to pter, the facial dysmorphy is unique: a distorted head shape due to irregular cranial sutures, thick low eyebrows, long eyelashes, persistent lanugo, distended veins on the scalp, hypertelorism, oblique palpebral fissures, a very short nose with a broad depressed bridge and anteverted nares, protruding maxilla, thin upper lip, micrognathia, low-set ears, and a short webbed neck. Port-wine stains, congenital glaucoma, cloudy corneas, cleft palate and harelip also occur frequently. Each infant has difficulty sucking and swallowing. Congenital anomalies of the cardiovascular system, of midgut rotation, and of the urogenital system are noted for the infants who died neonatally. Most frequent is a ventricular septal defect, followed by atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, patent foramen ovale, and coarctation of the aorta. Omphalocele, umbilical hernia, hyperplastic kidneys, polycystic kidneys, double ureter, hydro-ureter, hydronephrosis, and undescended testes often occur. The extremities are short in proportion to the length of the trunk. Clinodactyly, coxa valga, talipes, and spina bifida are frequently observed.
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PMID:Chromosome 3 duplication q21 leads to qter deletion p25 leads to pter syndrome in children of carriers of a pericentric inversion inv(3) (p25q21). 120 27

The present study examines the relationship between the migration of mesenchyme and associated cutaneous nerves that are involved in the closure of the anterior body wall in embryonic mice and rats by light and electron microscopy. The sternum is formed by the migration of condensations of mesenchyme originating in the dorsolateral body wall known as sternal bands. In the course of analyzing this process in rodent embryos we have identified similar paired caudal extensions of the sternal bands that are responsible for the closure of the abdominal wall following resolution of the umbilical hernia, and we suggest these bands of mesoderm should be referred to as the abdominal bands. Both the sternal and abdominal bands are associated with the development of the segmental spinal nerves and their cutaneous terminal branches. The first cutaneous nerve to reach the skin surface in rats is the later cutaneous nerve (PCN and ACN) at E13.5 days. The ACN co-migrates with the sternal and abdominal bands, and terminal branches of axons from the ACN approach the epidermis during this migration. Differentiation of the epidermis could be recognized as a change in shape of epidermal cells from squamous to cuboidal, and this initial differentiation coincides with the onset of cutaneous innervation, beginning at the site of the LCN and following the extent of innervation of the PCN as well as the migration of the mesodermal bands and associated ACN. The paired ACN's meet in the ventral midline at E16.5 in rats as the sternal bands fuse, and terminal axons from both nerves densely innervate the midline skin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Anat Rec 1991 Oct
PMID:Differentiation of the anterior body wall and truncal epidermis and associated co-migration of cutaneous nerves and mesenchyme. 183 19

Ten male goats and five rams were examined from 11 and 15 weeks of age, respectively, for six months to study the ultrasonic appearance of normal testes and epididymides before and after puberty. Five adult rams with lesions of these organs were also examined. A portable, B-mode, real time scanner fitted with a 7.5 MHz, linear array transducer was used. The testis appeared as a homogeneous and moderately echogenic structure with a centrally located mediastinum testis represented by an hyperechogenic line in images taken in the longitudinal plane and by an almost circular spot in transverse images. The testicular capsule and skin were evident as a distinct hyperechogenic line encircling the testicular parenchyma. A thin non-echogenic layer of fluid, presumably between two layers of tunica vaginalis, was observed. The tail of the epididymis was more heterogeneous and less echogenic than the testis. The epididymal head was also less echogenic but homogeneous in texture, and the body of the epididymis was difficult to image. The pampiniform plexus was easily identified as numerous convoluted sonolucent tubular structures. The ultrasonic images of possible cases of epididymitis, spermatocele, testicular cyst and abscess and scrotal hernia are described.
Vet Rec 1991 May 25
PMID:B-mode real time ultrasonographic imaging of the testis and epididymis of sheep and goats. 186 75

Eighty-three calves with a complicated umbilical hernia were included in a randomised prospective study. The frequency of wound infection was compared in two groups. The first group received antibiotics for one day, the second group for four days. The infection rate in calves receiving antibiotics for one day was 25 per cent compared with 8 per cent in calves treated for four days (P less than 0.05). Male calves were more susceptible to infection than female calves.
Vet Rec 1988 Nov 26
PMID:Infection rates in contaminated surgical procedures: a comparison of prophylactic treatment for one day or four days. 246 8

One hundred calves with an uncomplicated umbilical hernia were included in a prospective study. The frequency of wound infection and recurrence of herniation were compared in animals operated on either with or without prophylactic antibiotics. In 90 calves operated on for the first time (60 without antibiotics and 30 with antibiotics) there were no infections and only one hernia recurred. In 10 calves operated on for the second time (seven without antibiotics and three with antibiotics) there were two infections and one hernia recurred in the group not receiving antibiotics.
Vet Rec 1988 Nov 19
PMID:Infection rates in clean surgical procedures with and without prophylactic antibiotics. 320 5

One month after falling heavily a four-year-old horse developed acute colic while being exercised. A tentative diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia was reached on the basis of the clinical findings and confirmed at laparotomy. The defect was repaired and the horse made an uneventful recovery.
Vet Rec 1987 Feb 07
PMID:Repair of a diaphragmatic hernia in a horse. 360 28

Three young Suffolk ram lambs had lesions which rendered them reproductively unsound. One had a unilateral scrotal hernia, detected by palpation, and two had sperm granulomas which were detected by trans-scrotal ultrasonography at 18 to 20 weeks of age, before they could be detected by palpation. Changes in the lesions were monitored ultrasonographically at two-week intervals with a 7.5 MHz linear array transducer. On the day of each examination, semen was collected from the rams with sperm granulomas by using an artificial vagina, and their libido was assessed. Semen could rarely be collected from the third ram. Comparisons were made with similar data obtained from two normal rams. When the rams were 20 to 21 months of age, they were vasectomised on the normal side, so that the influence of the lesions on semen composition and libido could be assessed, and semen was collected and evaluated until they were euthanised at approximately 24 months of age, when the genital system was examined for gross lesions. The sperm granulomas changed in size (one of them increased in size by about 30 times) and echotexture over the 19-month period of the study, whereas the scrotal hernia, which contained omental fat, remained fairly constant. The libido of the two rams with sperm granulomas was comparable with the two normal controls. The total mean (sem) number of sperm in the ejaculates were 1.11 (0.10) x 10(9) and 2.03 (0.17) x 10(9) sperm/ml in the affected rams and 4.11 x 10(9) sperm/ml in the normal rams over the same period; the differences were significant (P<0.05). After unilateral vasectomy, the ejaculates from these two rams contained small numbers of dead spermatozoa, mostly with degenerate heads. Postmortem examination confirmed the gross lesions identified ultrasonographically.
Vet Rec 2000 Jan 01
PMID:Ultrasonography of spontaneous lesions of the genital system of three rams, and their influence on semen quality. 1066 55

The closure of the body wall defect at the umbilicus was studied in relation to the development of umbilical hernias in a group of 44 normal foals, 25 of which were followed from birth until five months of age, and 19 from birth until 11 months of age. At birth, 19 of the foals had a defect in the body wall at the umbilicus that was termed a 'palpable umbilical ring'. In 18 of them this defect disappeared within four days, but in the other the ring did not close and a hernial sac with abdominal contents was palpable. This foal was considered to be the only foal to have a truly congenital umbilical hernia. Twelve foals developed an umbilical hernia between five and eight weeks of age. The prevalence of umbilical hernias was much higher than in other studies, possibly owing to the prospective nature of the study.
Vet Rec 2000 Jul 08
PMID:Closure of the abdominal wall at the umbilicus and the development of umbilical hernias in a group of foals from birth to 11 months of age. 1095 91

A questionnaire to examine the attitudes and perceptions of cattle practitioners to pain in cattle was sent to 2398 practitioners working in the UK, and 641 responses were received. From the range of procedures and conditions outlined in the questionnaire, claw amputation was scored as the most painful procedure undergone by adult cattle (assuming no analgesic drugs were administered), and neck calluses were scored as the least painful condition experienced by adult cattle. The pain associated with dystocia was considered the least painful experience for calves, and fracture of a distal limb and surgery for an umbilical hernia equally the most painful. There were significant differences between the pain scores assigned by men and women and by respondents who had graduated in different decades; female respondents and more recent graduates tended to give a higher pain score for most conditions. There were also significant differences between the pain scores assigned by respondents who routinely used analgesics and those who did not, the latter being more likely to assign significantly lower pain scores.
Vet Rec 2006 Nov 11
PMID:Current attitudes of cattle practitioners to pain and the use of analgesics in cattle. 2414 Nov 68


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