Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019214 (hepatosplenomegaly)
 4,408 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tangier disease (TD), a rare disorder characterized by extremely low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), is caused by mutations in the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) gene. Here, we describe a new patient with TD. The 42-year-old proband had obvious juvenile cataracts, mild hepatosplenomegaly, and an extremely low level of HDL-C (1 mg/dl), consistent with the diagnosis of TD. The proband was homozygous for a novel CTC6914-6TT --> 2203X mutation in the carboxy terminus of the ABCA1 protein. ApoAI-mediated cholesterol efflux from patient fibroblasts was markedly decreased compared to control, despite normal levels of protein expression. This indicates that this mutant protein is normally transcribed and exists as a stable product, yet is functionally defective. These results point to a critical role for the intracellular C-terminal region of the ABCA1 gene product in regulating cholesterol efflux and HDL-cholesterol levels.
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PMID:A case of Tangier disease with a novel mutation in the C-terminal region of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1. 1538 3

We report a case of Tangier disease with Leriche syndrome and bleeding tendency. In this male patient, nasal hemorrhage had been observed frequently throughout childhood. At 46 years old, he experienced effort angina, and coronary angiography demonstrated 75% stenosis in the right coronary artery. Orange-colored tonsils, mild hepatosplenomegaly and very low levels of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were observed, and the patient was diagnosed with Tangier disease. At 52 years old, effort angina recurred. Coronary angiography revealed 75% stenosis of the left main trunk, left anterior descending, and right coronary arteries. Stenosis of the brachiocephalic and right common iliac arteries was also recorded. Stents were implanted, and coronary artery bypass surgery was performed. At 53 years old, 15 months after surgery, the patient reported intermittent claudication, coldness of feet, and impotence. Aortic angiography showed progression of the stenosis at the bifurcation of the common iliac artery. The patient was diagnosed with Leriche syndrome, and aorta-left external iliac artery graft bypass surgery was performed. After surgery, oozing from subcutaneous tissue and leaking from the anastomotic region were observed. Additional analysis revealed two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (V825I and N935T) in the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) gene, and accumulation of small dense low-density lipoprotein together with low levels of HDL-C. In Tangier disease, HDL-C is markedly decreased because of ABCA1 deficiency. However, this is the first reported case to exhibit extensive atherosclerosis and bleeding tendency. This patient had atypical extensive and multiple atherosclerotic lesions, accompanied by Leriche syndrome and uncontrollable bleeding.
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PMID:Accelerated Atherogenicity in Tangier Disease. 2956 93