Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019214 (hepatosplenomegaly)
 4,408 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although cancer has an annual incidence of only about 150 new cases per 1 million U.S. children, it is the second leading cause of childhood deaths. Early detection and prompt therapy have the potential to reduce mortality. Leukemias, lymphomas and central nervous system tumors account for more than one half of new cancer cases in children. Early in the disease, leukemia may cause nonspecific symptoms similar to those of a viral infection. Leukemia should be suspected if persistent vague symptoms are accompanied by evidence of abnormal bleeding, bone pain, lymphadenopathy or hepatosplenomegaly. The presenting symptoms of a brain tumor may include elevated intracranial pressure, nerve abnormalities and seizures. A spinal tumor often presents with signs and symptoms of spinal cord compression. In children, lymphoma may present as one or more painless masses, often in the neck, accompanied by signs and symptoms resulting from local compression, as well as signs and symptoms of systemic disturbances, such as fever and weight loss. A neuroblastoma may arise from sympathetic nervous tissue anywhere in the body, but this tumor most often develops in the abdomen. The presentation depends on the local effects of the solid tumor and any metastases. An abdominal mass in a child may also be due to Wilms' tumor. This neoplasm may present with renal signs and symptoms, such as hypertension, hematuria and abdominal pain. A tumor of the musculoskeletal system is often first detected when trauma appears to cause pain and dysfunction out of proportion to the injury. Primary care physicians should be alert for possible presenting signs and symptoms of childhood malignancy, particularly in patients with Down syndrome or other congenital and familial conditions associated with an increased risk of cancer.
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PMID:Recognition of common childhood malignancies. 1077 55

Relapse after anthracycline based combination chemotherapy is frequently seen in patients with aggressive non Hodgkin's Lymphomas (NHL), whereas complications such as secondary leukemia or solid tumor rarely occur. We report a patient with diffuse large cell (DLC) NHL and concurrent renal cancer, who developed acute myelofibrosis (AMF) later in the course of her disease. This 60-year-old female patient presented with pancytopenia and a right sided renal mass. Diagnostic work up revealed severe bone marrow infiltration by DLC NHL and renal cancer T1N0M0G2. Cytogenetic and molecular evaluation of bone marow cells showed three distinct clones, (a normal 46XX karyotype, a ringed chromosome 7 and a third clone with an enlarged chromosome 2 as well as several fragments). The patient underwent nephrectomy and eventually received 6 cycles of CHOP 14 chemotherapy. Anemia persisted followed by severe granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia 6 weeks later. Repeated bone marrow biopsy showed absence of lymphoma and/or cancer metastasis, but massive myelofibrosis with an increased number of atypical megakaryocytes. Considering the short clinical course and the absence of hepatosplenomegaly AMF was diagnosed. The concurrence of three distinctneoplasms within a short period of time as well as the complex cytogenetic aberrations found in her bone marrow cells reflect a strong individual susceptibility to malignant disease in this patient.
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PMID:Acute myelofibrosis in a patient with diffuse large cell non Hodgkin's lymphoma and renal cancer. 1456 65

Lymphadenopathy is a common clinical finding and is frequently benign. Warning signs suggestive of a malignant etiology include lymph nodes >2 cm in size, supraclavicular location, and generalized lymphadenopathy associated with hepatosplenomegaly or systemic symptoms. A metastatic solid tumor is always in the differential diagnosis of localized lymphadenopathy, particularly in older individuals. In the case of more generalized lymphadenopathy, in addition to the more common lymphomas, benign etiologies as well as benign and atypical lymphoproliferative disorders need to be considered. Benign etiologies of lymphadenopathy can include infections, autoimmune disorders, drug hypersensitivity reactions, sarcoidosis, and amyloidosis. Rare but benign lymphoproliferative disorders include Kikuchi's disease, Rosai-Dorfman disease, and progressive transformation of germinal centers. Atypical lymphoproliferative disorders that bear close surveillance for evolution to a more aggressive malignancy include Castleman's disease, lymphomatoid granulomatosis, and lymphomatoid papulosis. Previously considered in this category but now classified as a true lymphoma is angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia. Physicians need to be aware of all of these disorders when evaluating suspicious lymphadenopathy, while also considering the more common lymphomas and leukemias.
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PMID:Clinical mimics of lymphoma. 1695 99

Vasculopathic syndromes have been associated with hematological and solid organ malignancies. The pathogenesis of these syndromes remains largely unknown and there are no biologic markers identified. Whether it is or is not a paraneoplastic syndrome is under discussion, the close temporal relationship of cancer and vasculitis suggests that these vasculitides are a paraneoplastic condition. We report a case of a 45-year-old female patient with pelvic chondrosarcoma who underwent surgical treatment and started to present visual loss, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SRIS), cardiac insufficiency, hepatosplenomegaly, cholestasis as well as pulmonary bleeding suggesting a sarcoma-associated vasculitis. All antibodies were negative as in secondary vasculitis. After corticoideal therapy the vasculitis resolved and at 3-year follow-up the patient had not showed any further medical complications or recurrences of the vasculitis. The parallel evolution of the vasculitis and the solid tumor combined with the resolution of the vasculitis after corticotherapy enhances the likelihood of a paraneoplastic vasculitis associated with a chondrosarcoma according to literature review.
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PMID:Paraneoplastic vasculitis associated to pelvic chondrosarcoma: a case report. 2716 97