Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019214 (hepatosplenomegaly)
 4,408 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the US and northern Europe, the prevalence of pregnant syphilitic women is estimated at .1-.6%, while in South Africa it was 7.6% in 1982. In 1978, there 108 cases in the US which increased to 268 reported cases in 1985. The increase of congenital syphilis (CS) by 25% from 1985 to 1988 was attributed to the spread of crack cocaine in the US. The rate was 10.5 cases/100,000 live births in the US during this period, a 21% increase. In contrast, in the Netherlands there were 2.5 cases/100,000 live births during 1982-85. Clinical symptoms appear 3 weeks after birth, but some are present at birth such as hepatosplenomegaly, bloated abdomen, cutaneous lesions, and nasal discharge turning into purulent rhinitis. Anemia occurs in 90% of children with CS. Generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly with hepatomegaly, and syphilitic hepatitis may also occur. Syphilitic skeletal abnormalities include osteochondritis, periostitis, osteomyelitis, and osteitis. Meningovascular syphilis produces nervous system effects. CS complications include nephrotic syndrome and acute glomerulonephritis. Ocular abnormalities are caused by treponemes found in the cornea, sclera, uvea, retina and the optic nerve. Chorioretinitis and iridocyclitis are common ocular lesions. The pathogen Treponema pallidum can be diagnosed by dark field microscopy, by immunofluorescence, or by histopathological examination of silver-stained preparations. Pregnancy women with syphilis are treated with penicillin although failures have been reported after single or 2 or 3 in administrations of 2.4 MU benzathine penicillin and after giving tetracycline in 3rd trimester pregnancy. The CDC recommendation for treating infants with CS is iv 50,000 U/kg penicillin G every 8-12 hours for 10-14 days or im 50,000 U procaine penicillin once daily for 10-14 days. Single administration of 50,000 U/kg benzathine penicillin is recommended for newborn children whose mothers have been treated with erythromycin.
 ...
PMID:Congenital syphilis. 161 61

The predominantly heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Africa suggests that pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) could develop into a significant child health problem in this region. To assist clinicians in recognizing HIV infection in African children, the clinical features of 185 children with symptomatic HIV-related disease diagnosed at the 2 central hospitals in Harare, Zimbabwe, from April 1986-July 1987 were enumerated. In this period, 185 such cases were diagnosed. 83 (47%) involved children 0-12 months of age and another 61 (35%) represented children 13-24 months old. The male/female ratio was 1.0:1.03. The most frequently recorded clinical feature (52% of cases) was generalized lymphadenopathy, with or without hepatosplenomegaly. 45% of HIV-infected children presented with respiratory symptoms and pulmonary infiltrates on chest x-ray. Failure to thrive was present in 38% of cases. Also relatively common were hepatomegaly and splenomegaly (35% and 26%, respectively). Chronic, recurrent diarrhea was present in 21%. Less frequently observed (under 10% of cases) clinical findings were maculopapular eczematoid rashes, parotid swelling, chronic suppurative otitis media, chronic mucopurulent rhinitis, meningitis, and encephalopathy. 3 main clinical modes of presentation were identified--children with failure to thrive or marasmus in association with chronic diarrhea and developmental delay, those with generalized lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly, and children who present with chronic cough with pulmonary infiltrates on chest x-ray.
 ...
PMID:Clinical presentation of symptomatic human immuno-deficiency virus in children. 226 23

Seven cases of early congenital syphilis have been recorded in the past 10 years in the Mersey Regional Health Authority. Antenatal serology was initially negative in five mothers, who were either incubating or acquired the infection later, and treatment had probably failed in two women given erythromycin for syphilis during pregnancy. Serology should be repeated later in pregnancy in those at high risk. Social factors that define this group include women who book for antenatal care late in pregnancy, have a past history of sexually transmitted disease, and have multiple consorts. Clinical signs in the infant such as failure to thrive, hepatosplenomegaly, symmetrical rash, rhinitis, and osteochondritis should alert the clinician to the possibility of congenital syphilis. Adequate management of mother and baby requires close liaison between the genitourinary physician, microbiologist, obstetrician, and paediatrician. Penicillin remains the treatment of choice.
 ...
PMID:Early congenital syphilis still occurs. 384 73

Female LSH hamsters infected with Treponema pallidum subsp, endemicum before pregnancy or during early pregnancy transmit a form of syphilis to the fetus that is similar to human congenital syphilis. The offspring develops rhinitis, skin rash, failure to thrive, and hepatosplenomegaly. T. pallidum is detectable in their livers, spleens, and nasal secretions. Immunoglobulin M antibodies are detected in the serum.
 ...
PMID:Experimental model of congenital syphilis. 833 90

Two infants, a two-month-old boy and a two-month-old girl adopted from Sri Lanka, were diagnosed as having congenital syphilis and treated accordingly. The girl presented with only skin symptoms and a developing pseudoparalysis of Parrot. The boy was in quite a bad condition, having rhinitis, an oedematous appearance, skin symptoms, severe anaemia and hepatosplenomegaly. In both patients serological blood tests and cerebrospinal fluid tests for lues were positive. Both children showed osteochondritis and periostitis of the long bones on X-rays. This disease is rare in the Netherlands, but it is important to diagnose it early, because early adequate treatment may result in complete cure.
 ...
PMID:[Congenital syphilis as an imported disease]. 892 60

Neonatal alopecia has been described in many circumstances but never as a part of the constellation of signs in congenital syphilis. Common clinical features of early congenital syphilis include hepatosplenomegaly, skeletal deformities, hematologic disturbances, and mucocutaneous features such as rhinitis and maculopapular rash. Syphilitic alopecia has previously been described only in conjunction with secondary syphilis. In this article, we describe the first occurrence of alopecia in a neonate with congenital syphilis.
 ...
PMID:Early diffuse alopecia in a neonate with congenital syphilis. 1715 99