Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019214 (hepatosplenomegaly)
 4,408 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seventy children with hepatomegaly, between the ages of 3 months and 13 years, were investigated including a liver biopsy in 60, to study the general pattern of liver disease in children. Thirty percent had acute viral hapatitis, 20 percent cirrhosis, 17.6 percent pulmonary tuberculosis, 18 percent hereditary diseases and 14 percent miscellaneous diseases involving the liver. None of the cases met the criteria for Indian childhood cirrhosis. It was concluded that in Karachi pulmonary tuberculosis was a common case of hepatosplenomegaly in children and that the aetiology of cirrhosis was probably multifactorial.
 ...
PMID:Aspects of paediatric liver disease in Karachi. 40 63

Twenty-one of 30 patients with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia (EMC) had evidence of liver involvement. The liver disease was characterized by the absence of clinical symptoms, hepatosplenomegaly, mild elevation of enzymes, abnormal BSP retention and low albumin levels. Histology, available in 12 patients, showed either chronic persistent or chronic active hepatitis or liver cirrhosis; 44% of the patients had HBsAg or HBsAb in sera and/or cryoglobulins, confirming the high frequency of exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in EMC. However, liver lesions were similar in all patients, regardless of HBV exposure. Since other factors usually associated with chronic liver diseases were absent or apparently irrelevant, it is temptative to speculate that a 'cryoglobulinemic hepatitis' may exist as a distinct syndrome. The characteristic complement profile of the patients with EMC (low CH50 and C4, normal C3PA), not related to albumin levels, can help to differentiate this disease from chronic liver disease without cryoglobulins.
 ...
PMID:Liver involvement in essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. 54 44

Stauffer's syndrome represents a paraneoplastic liver disorder associated with renal cell carcinoma and is characterized by elevation of the serum alkaline phosphatase, increased bromsulphthalein retention, hypalbuminaemia, elevation of alpha-2-globulin and hypoprothrombinaemia, as well as hepatosplenomegaly. Two cases are reported in which this syndrome was the presenting feature and operation was undertaken on the basis of suspected primary biliary tract disease. The aetiology of the typical findings of Stauffer's syndrome are discussed. As they may be the only symptoms of an otherwise occult renal cell carcinoma, their presence should guide the diagnostic efforts in the right direction. Moreover, the possibility of predicting the postoperative course by follow-up control of the liver function tests is stressed.
 ...
PMID:[Stauffer's syndrome. Reversible hepatic dysfunction in renal cell carcinoma (author's transl)]. 63 40

We prosepctively studied 200,000 newborns to determine the frequency and clinical characteristics of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. One hundred and twenty Pi Z, 48 Pi SZ, two PI Z-and one Pi S-infants were identified and followed to the age of six months. Fourteen of 120 Pi Z infants had prolonged obstructive jaundice, nine with severe clinical and laboratory evidence of liver disease. Five had only laboratory evidence of liver disease. Eight other Pi Z infants had minimal abnormalities in serum bilirubin and hepatic enzyme activity and variable hepatosplenomegaly. All 22 Pi Z infants with hepatic abnormalities, two thirds of whom were made, appeared healthy at six months of age. Ninety-eight Pi Z infants did not have clinical liver disease, but liver-function tests gave abnormal results in 44 of 84 at three months, and in 36 of 60 at six months of age. The number of small-for-gestational-age infants was greater (P less than 0.001) among those with clinical liver disease. None of the 48 Pi SZ infants had clinical liver disease, but 10 of 42 at three months and one of 22 at six months of age had abnormal liver function. The Pi Z and Pi SZ phenotypes are associated with covert or readily apparent hepatic dysfunction in the first three months of life.
 ...
PMID:Liver disease in alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency detected by screening of 200,000 infants. 108 85

A 15-year old Black teenager came to a clinic at the University of Alabama's School of Medicine in Tuscaloosa requesting oral contraceptives (OCs). The physical examination indicated that she was in good health and the physician prescribed an OC (1 mg norethindrone and .035 mg ethinyl estradiol). 21 months later she returned complaining of yellow eyes for 3 weeks. The oral mucosa was also jaundiced. She had considerably high levels of bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. She had no hepatitis virus antibodies. 5 months later she returned for the physical examination required to renew the OC prescription. She did not have jaundice at this time. 10 months later she complained of malaise and muscular pain. Her alkaline phosphatase level was high, but her bilirubin level was normal. She had mild hepatosplenomegaly without focal defects. After reviewing her medical records, the physician diagnosed intrahepatic cholestasis and discontinued her OC prescription. Liver function tests were normal within 3 months. 14 months later, she returned complaining of malaise and reported taking OCs obtained at another clinic 3 months earlier. The physician advised her about the complications of OCs and about other contraceptive methods. The same physician also examined a 32-year-old Black woman who had intermittent epigastric and right-upper quadrant abdominal pain for 2 weeks. Eating worsened the pain, which lasted for up to 15 minutes. She had used an OC for 12 years. Ultrasound revealed a 4.2 cm hypoechoic mass in the left upper lobe of the liver. The physician discontinued the OCs. The tumor regressed over 12 months. Active liver disease is a contraindication to OC use. Women who had cholestatic jaundice while pregnant or have first degree relatives with cholestatic jaundice of pregnancy should not use OCs. Physicians may introduce OCs to closely monitored women with a history of liver disease whose liver function tests are normal. Women with a family history of biliary excretion defects should not use OCs.
 ...
PMID:Hepatobiliary complications of oral contraceptives. 133 97

Forty eight needle biopsies of the liver, from children registered in the histopathological laboratory of Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) were reviewed. Liver disease diagnosis was based on histopathological criteria without recourse to either clinical, biochemical or microbiological data. Hepatic Schistosomiasis (37.5%) and liver cirrhosis (25%) were the most frequently diagnosed lesions. There were only two cases of biliary cirrhosis secondary to biliary atrisia. Parasitic infestation of the liver was the most common cause of childhood hepatic dysfunction. Our results confirm the observations of workers in other tropical and subtropical regions, where infection is the commonest cause of childhood liver disease. This is in sharp contrast to the findings from European countries where neonatal hepatitis or biliary atresia are the most commonly diagnosed disorders. This retrospective study provides a good starting point for a prospective study, to determine the incidence and severity of childhood liver disease in Nigeria. This is a retrospective histopathological study aimed at establishing the pattern of liver disease in the paediatric age group in Jos. The indication for liver biopsy in all the cases was hepatosplenomegaly with or without biochemical abnormality.
 ...
PMID:Childhood liver diseases in Jos, Nigeria: a retrospective histopathological study. 179 32

We describe an infant with renal and liver disease who died at the age of 10 months from chronic renal failure. Hepatosplenomegaly was present along with biochemical findings of cholestasis and cytolysis. The diagnosis of tubulointerstitial nephropathy with cortical microcysts associated with hepatic fibrosis was based upon laboratory, radiological, and histological data. This rarely described disorder is characterized by an early clinical onset and unfavourable progression to end-stage renal failure before the age of 2.
 ...
PMID:Progressive tubulointerstitial nephropathy with hepatic involvement in an infant. 217 36

The effects of weight reduction on hepatic test results and physical findings related to the liver were retrospectively evaluated in 39 overweight patients screened to exclude other factors affecting the liver. An additional 11 overweight patients with primary liver disease were retrospectively evaluated to compare the effect of weight reduction in patients with liver disease with its effect in those without primary liver disease. This study showed that in overweight adults without primary liver disease, a weight reduction of greater than or equal to 10% corrected abnormal hepatic test results, decreased hepatosplenomegaly, and resolved some stigmata of liver disease. In similarly studied overweight patients with primary liver disease, some findings improved, but the changes did not correlate with a greater than or equal to 10% weight loss. Increased alanine aminotransferase activity was the most frequent hepatic enzyme abnormality in this population. For every 1% reduction in body weight, alanine aminotransferase activity improved by 8.1%. After other causes of liver disease are eliminated by clinical and biochemical parameters, weight reduction should be tried for overweight patients with abnormal hepatic test results in the absence of obvious primary liver disease as judged by clinical and biochemical parameters before extensive and expensive studies are undertaken.
 ...
PMID:Effect of weight reduction on hepatic abnormalities in overweight patients. 221 Feb 47

Severe hepatotoxicity from phenobarbital occurred in an infant boy who had a complicated illness with chronic bilateral subdural hematomas and sepsis. Skin rash began after 2 weeks of treatment, and signs of hepatocellular failure developed 3 weeks after phenobarbital had been started. Signs of severe liver disease included elevated aminotransferases, conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, significant coagulopathy, hepatosplenomegaly and ascites. Other features of this adverse drug reaction were unremitting fever, leukocytosis with eosinophilia and atypical lymphocytosis, and proteinuria. Sepsis, viral hepatitis, and metabolic liver disease were excluded. The child was on no other medication and had been previously well. In-vitro rechallenge of the patient's lymphocytes with cytochrome P-450 generated metabolites of phenobarbital showed extensive cytotoxicity compared to control. These data support the hypothesis that a defect in drug detoxification was responsible for the child's susceptibility to this drug hepatotoxicity.
 ...
PMID:Phenobarbital hepatotoxicity in an 8-month-old infant. 233 96

The first female child of healthy German parents, breast-fed for 5 weeks, developed progressive abdominal distension due to hepatosplenomegaly at the age of 7 months and died from acute liver failure 3 months later. Histology showed destruction of liver architecture with extreme hepatocellular copper storage, characteristic of "Indian childhood cirrhosis" (ICC). The family received drinking water from a well via copper pipes. The copper level of the water was extremely elevated (430 and 5510 micrograms/l) so that exogenous copper intake during the first months of life may have induced the fatal liver disease, probably in association with an unproven genetic disposition. This is the first description of a case of ICC in a member of a non-Indian family in Europe.
 ...
PMID:First description of "Indian childhood cirrhosis" in a non-Indian infant in Europe. 291 20


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>