Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019209 (hepatomegaly)
 5,798 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia was diagnosed in a 1-year-old Rhodesian Ridgeback. Clinical signs of disease included weight loss, anorexia, lethargy, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and hepatomegaly. Doxorubicin was administered IV on day 4 at a dosage of 30 mg/m2 of body surface, followed 2 days later by oral administration of cyclophosphamide at a dosage of 100 mg/m2. The cyclophosphamide was given for 4 consecutive days (days 8, 9, 10, and 11), but the WBC count did not respond. The dog was administered 500 ml of blood; but on day 12, it died. Necropsy was not performed, but the presumptive cause of death was related to leukostasis.
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PMID:Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in a dog. 229 42

From 1976 to 1983, 28 patients (24 male and four female) with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were treated by intraarterial chemotherapy at the Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milan, Milan, Italy. Tumors were retrospectively classified by a previously proposed staging system. Two patients were classified as Stage I and 26 as Stage II. Liver cirrhosis was present only in the males (in 50% of them). Nineteen patients were treated with doxorubicin (Adriamycin [Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH]) and nine with 5-fluorouracil. Systemic toxicity was mild, but the treatment induced hepatic toxicity (ascites, clinical jaundice, or biochemical impairment) in 18% of noncirrhotic and 66% of cirrhotic patients. Clinical reduction of hepatomegaly was observed in 50% of noncirrhotic versus 16% of cirrhotic patients. Doxorubicin was effective in 66% of noncirrhotic patients and 20% of cirrhotic patients, with an overall response rate of 42%. 5-fluorouracil was effective only in patients without cirrhosis, with an overall response rate of 22%. Overall median actuarial survival was 3.5 months, with a significant difference between noncirrhotic and cirrhotic patients (6 versus 2 months, respectively). Overall median survival of patients who responded to the treatment was 13 versus 2 months for nonresponders (P less than 0.001). Liver cirrhosis was the most important prognostic factor in terms of liver toxicity, response rate, and survival. This study emphasized the negative impact of the treatment on cirrhotic patients. Also, the real value of intraarterial administration of doxorubicin was investigated.
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PMID:Intrahepatic chemotherapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. 283 36

Doxorubicin (DXR; Adriamycin) was administered i.v. to 20 Sprague-Dawley rats at 2.5 mg/kg once a week for 8 weeks. The rats were then observed for 2 to 5 weeks post treatment until they developed signs of general and cardiotoxicity (lassitude, ascites, marked ECG changes), at which time 11 of these animals and 11 age-matched controls were killed for evaluation of isometric contractile activity changes in isolated right ventricular papillary muscles. At necropsy the animals were examined for evidence of congestive heart failure (enlarged liver, s.c. edema). Baseline contractile changes in preparations from DXR-treated rats, compared with controls, were a decrease in maximum rate of tension development and prolongation in time to peak tension, time to half-relaxation from peak tension and duration of tension. Both developed tension and tension duration in the DXR-exposed muscles were reduced less than those in controls by a decrease in the stimulus interval, and some DXR preparations exhibited a positive staircase rather than the negative staircase normally observed in rats. Increasing extracellular Ca++ produced substantially greater changes in peak tension and maximum rate of tension development, as well as time to half-relaxation and tension duration in the DXR muscles; however, the effects of isoproterenol on these four parameters were blunted in the DXR muscles (although decreased isoproterenol sensitivity was borderline in the case of tension duration and time to half-relaxation). The results suggest that long-term DXR treatment leads to a loss of adrenergic support in the rat heart, and that calcium deficiency, rather than overload, occurs in cells that are still functionally active.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Doxorubicin cardiotoxicity: contractile changes after long-term treatment in the rat. 394 92

Primary hepatic lymphoma (PHL) is a rare clinical entity comprising 0.016% of all cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 0.4% of extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and can be missed easily. Here, we report a case of PHL treated with primary hepatic resection followed by an Rituximab Cyclophosphamide Doxorubicin Vincristine Prednisone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy regimen, diagnosed after postoperative biopsy report. The patient presented with complaints of pain abdomen, vomiting, anorexia, and weight loss. She had hepatomegaly and no other significant finding. Blood investigations were unremarkable. Biopsy or fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was not taken before surgery. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen demonstrated well-defined solid mass with central hypodense fluid attenuating area in the liver with a thin pseudocapsule. The differential diagnoses considered were secondary to the liver, hepatocellular carcinoma, and hemangioma. Left hepatectomy with the removal of the middle hepatic vein was performed. The postoperative biopsy was reported as diffuse large B cell lymphoma of the liver.
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PMID:Primary hepatic lymphoma: A rare case report. 3127 45