Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019209 (hepatomegaly)
 5,798 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 1964 a 42-year-old woman was hospitalized with clinical and laboratory signs of posttransfusion hepatitis five weeks after administration of six whole blood transfusions. During the following 17 years anicteric chronic liver disease was repeatedly documented by elevations of serum aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT) and alkaline phosphatase enzymes. In 1981 hepatomegaly, progressive jaundice, and a serum alphafetoprotein level of 516,000 ng/ml were observed. Percutaneous liver biopsy showed a primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC). Serologic examinations failed to reveal markers for hepatitis B virus including HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc by radioimmunoassay; antibody to hepatitis A virus was also absent. This sequence of events demonstrates a presumptive association of PHC and the agent(s) of non-A, non-B viral hepatitis.
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PMID:Primary hepatocellular carcinoma following non-A, non-B posttransfusion hepatitis. 619 33

A 50-year-old black female developed hepatic dysfunction secondary to captopril therapy, 25 mg tid for one month. Liver biopsy showed primarily cholestasis, with secondary hepatocellular elements. Symptoms consisted of jaundice, pruritus, anorexia and weight loss, hepatomegaly, and abdominal tenderness. Total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), reached highs of 506 mumol/L, 737 U/L, 319 U/L, and 100 U/L, respectively. Recovery was slow, but complete, after discontinuation of the drug.
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PMID:Captopril-induced cholestatic jaundice. 636 96

Health conditions were evaluated in 80 electrical workers exposed for many years to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixtures with a 42% mean chlorine content, who had blood PCB concentrations from 41 to 1319 micrograms/kg. The clinical study was based on personal history data, physical examination, and laboratory tests (red cell and leukocyte count; determination of haemoglobin, packed cell volume, bilirubin, serum protein electrophoretic fractions, pseudocholinesterase, AST, ALT, GGT, and OCT). Fifteen workers were found to have skin diseases--chloracne (4), folliculitis (4), oil dermatitis (1), juvenile acne (1), and dermatitis due to irritative or allergic agents (5). Sixteen workers showed more or less pronounced hepatic involvement, consisting most often of hepatomegaly with an increase in serum GGT, AST, ALT, and OCT values. In two workers bleeding cavernous haemangiomas were discovered, in one case associated with chronic myelocytic leukaemia. All the workers with chloracne were employed on electric capacitor impregnation with PCBs, and no definite association was found between chloracne and blood PCB concentrations. Conversely, a significant positive association was found between the abnormal liver findings and blood PCB concentrations, particularly trichlorobiphenyl blood concentrations. The abnormal hepatic findings observed are similar to those reported in experimental animals given PCBs, and in some workers such findings should probably be considered as clinical signs of hepatic microsomal enzyme induction.
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PMID:Occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in electrical workers. II. Health effects. 645 Dec 37

Bile duct obstruction was induced in 6 cats by surgical ligation and transection of the common bile duct. Clinical and laboratory changes were monitored weekly for 25 to 54 days. Clinical signs of obstruction were similar in all cats and included anorexia, pyrexia, lethargy, intermittent vomiting, weight loss, palpable gallbladder, hepatomegaly, and bleeding tendencies. Tissue jaundice and acholic feces were evident grossly as early as postsurgical day (PSD) 4 with a mean onset of jaundice at PSD 5.3 +/- 0.4. Hematologic changes were initially characterized by a mild neutrophilic leukocytosis that increased with the chronicity of bile duct obstruction. Regenerative anemia developed in 4 cats associated with gastrointestinal blood loss. Acute serum biochemical changes were characterized by a marked increase in the mean values of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol, and copper. Comparatively, only moderate increases in mean serum alkaline phosphatase activity were observed. Mean total bilirubin values increased remarkably at postsurgical week (PSW) 1, reaching a maximal value of 23.1 +/- 4.4 mg/dl at PSW 3 with 71.6 +/- 2.7% direct bilirubin. With chronicity of bile duct obstruction ranging from PSW 3 to PSW 7, the mean serum values of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol, serum alkaline phosphatase, and total and direct bilirubin stabilized and then declined, whereas the increased mean serum copper values persisted. At PSD 25 to 54, hepatic copper values and serum bile acids were markedly increased. Seemingly, clinicopathologic changes of induced cholestatic hepatic injury depended largely on the duration of biliary obstruction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Hematologic and biochemical abnormalities associated with induced extrahepatic bile duct obstruction in the cat. 663 41

From this comparison of 37 black children with hepatic schistosomiasis (HS) and 53 with intestinal Schistosoma mansoni (IS) living in an endemic area, we propose easily identifiable clinical features of mild HS. These patients were generally well nourished school-age children who seldom complained of dysentery but who had a firm hepatomegaly with predominant enlargement of the left lobe and a firm splenomegaly. They were also mildly anaemic (9.4 +/- 2.2 g/dl) and had low serum albumin (30 +/- 7 g/l), raised aspartate transaminase (36 +/- 31 u/l) and high globulins (53 +/- 15 g/l). The implications of the absence of severe hepatosplenic schistosomiasis in many of these children are discussed.
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PMID:Clinical recognition of mild hepatic schistosomiasis in an endemic area. 671 May 66

Rat liver aspartate aminotransferase activity per total liver per gram initial body weight was increased 24 hours after carbon tetrachloride injection suggesting that increased synthesis may be a source of increased serum enzyme activity as a response to hepatocellular injury. Protein content per total liver per gram initial body weight was also increased so that the specific activity of the enzyme was unchanged. Enzyme activity per gram liver wet weight was decreased consistent with hepatomegaly, edema, and dilution of enzyme. Total liver per gram initial body weight is suggested as the optimal reference standard.
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PMID:Response of rat liver aspartate aminotransferase to carbon tetrachloride. 725 79

Rat liver homogenate, subcellular fractions, and sera were assayed for aspartate aminotransferase 24 h after the administration of carbon tetrachloride. Enzyme activity per total liver per gram initial body weight was significantly increased in the homogenate, and in the mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions. Protein content per total liver per gram initial body weight was also increased so that the specific activity of the enzyme was unchanged. Enzyme activity per gram liver wet weight was decreased consistent with hepatomegaly, edema, and dilution of enzyme. Enzyme and isoenzyme activities of serum were increased. These findings support the hypothesis that increased synthesis may be a source of increased serum aspartate aminotransferase and its isoenzymes as a response to hepatocellular injury.
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PMID:Increased rat liver homogenate, mitochondrial, and cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase activity in acute carbon tetrachloride poisoning. 740 15

A prospective study of 21 patients with the diagnosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) was carried out. All patients had hepatomegaly and in 10 (48%) image studies were consistent with steatosis and/or fibrosis. Biochemically, there was increase of AST, ALT and cholesterol in 48%, of GGT in 52% and of alkaline phosphatase in 38%. 18 patients were obese, 2 of them diabetic, 2 others had a history of exposure to drugs (amiodarone and isopropilic alcohol) and the last one presented hypothyroidism. Liver biopsies were studied using a semiquantitative scale to evaluate the degree of steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in a scale from 1 to 3. Results showed a medium score of 2.6 for steatosis, 1.5 for inflammation and 1.8 for fibrosis. Four patients had cirrhosis and Mallory bodies were found in 11 cases (52%). NASH is an oligosymptomatic disease that can be found in different clinical conditions, mainly obesity, and is more frequent in women. It is histologically indistinguishable from alcoholic steatohepatitis. It is frequently underdiagnosed clinically and must be taken into account as a possible cause of cryptogenetic cirrhosis.
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PMID:[Non alcoholic steatohepatitis]. 765 98

The clinical and pathological features of 22 patients, 11 males and 11 females 17-70 years of age (48.0 +/- 16.0 years), with hepatic tuberculosis were reviewed. Five patients had no evidence of extrahepatic tuberculosis (local form), and 17 had the miliary form. The clinical features of the miliary and local forms were similar with pyrexia, abdominal pain, hepatomegaly and body weight loss as the main manifestations. The biochemical findings were also quite similar in reversed albumin and globulin (A/G) ratio (2.9/3.5 vs. 3.2/3.4 g/dl) and disproportionate elevation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in comparison with bilirubin values but lower levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (40.4 +/- 51.0 vs. 170.8 +/- 209.4 U/l; p < 0.05) and ALP (208.5 +/- 138.9 vs. 389.5 +/- 271.1 U/l; p < 0.05) in the miliary form. Patients with the local form had higher albumin (3.2 +/- 0.8 vs. 2.9 +/- 0.7 g/dl), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (160.4 +/- 221.7 vs. 65.9 +/- 69.7 U/l), and gamma glutamyl-transpeptidase (gamma GT) (217.0 +/- 144.0 vs. 136.0 +/- 92.1 U/l), although the differences were not significant. The histopathological features of the miliary form were also similar to the local form with granuloma, caseation, acid-fast bacilli, fatty change and portal fibrosis as the main findings. The local form revealed more severe signs of hepatocytic damage while the miliary form was more wasting. The results suggest that the miliary and local forms of hepatic tuberculosis had quite similar clinical presentations and pathological features. The biochemical tests suggesting hepatic tuberculosis were reversed A/G ratio and disproportionate elevation of ALP.
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PMID:Hepatic tuberculosis: comparison of miliary and local form. 774 92

Rickettsia spp. infections produce hepatic damage with transaminases elevation and biological signs of cholostasis. Classical biochemical tests of hepatic function were analyzed and compared in 8 patients with Q Fever (QF) and 7 with Boutonneuse Mediterranean Fever (BMF). Liver enlargement was detected in 75% of the QF group of patients as compared with the 57% of the BMF group. Transaminases were raised in 75% of the patients of the QF group and in 85, 7% of the BMF patients. Only one patient in the QF group showed manifest clinical jaundice. Statistically significant differences were found between the values of AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase and GGT, which were higher in the QF group. Liver involvement is more important in patients with QF than in FBM. There is a large percentage of clinically silent involvement in both diseases. Liver function tests should be carried out in infections by Rickettsia spp.
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PMID:[Liver involvement in Q fever and Mediterranean boutonneuse fever. Comparative study]. 787 63


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