Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019209 (hepatomegaly)
 5,798 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The increasing incidence of vitamin A toxicity is related to vitamin A supplementation for unfounded reasons. This article describes the common symptomatology of vitamin A toxicity, including hypercalcemia, hepatomegaly, and dermatological and neurological effects. Retinol supplements, but not carotene supplements, become toxic when free retinol circulates. Responsibilities of health professionals include questioning vitamin use when taking health histories, educating themselves with scientifically based nutritional studies and applying RDAs (recommended daily allowances) when advising clients.
 ...
PMID:The recognition and treatment of hypervitaminosis A. 267 24

Vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) and its analogues are undergoing evaluation as antineoplastic and chemoprevention agents. Because its toxicity and activity are poorly defined, we have completed a phase I trial of retinol. Retinol was administered to 13 cancer patients in daily doses ranging from 100,000 units/m2 to 350,000 units/m2. Neuropsychiatric changes were the earliest dose-limiting symptomatic toxicities, noted in 3 of 5 patients receiving more than 240,000 U/m2 for 3-4 months. Two patients receiving more than 270,000 U/m2 developed hepatomegaly after 3 and 4 months. Liver biopsies were consistent with vitamin A toxicity. Three patients receiving 200,000 U/m2 developed an increase in serum triglycerides concentration. Mild skin and mucous membrane dryness occurred in most patients receiving more than 150,000 U/m2. A mixed response was seen in one patient with melanoma. Because of neuropsychiatric and hepatic toxicity a retinol dose of 200,000 U/m2/day is recommended for future phase II trials.
 ...
PMID:Phase I trial of retinol in cancer patients. 666 7