Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019209 (hepatomegaly)
 5,798 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors reported a case of niclofolan intoxication occurred during the trial of clonorchiasis treatment. The case, a 15 years old Korean schoolboy, took niclofolan(Bilevon(R)) of total 473 mg(11 mg/kg) in 11 divided doses during 20 days. And the case suffered from neurologic symptoms such as severe headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, papilledema, retinal hemorrhage, an epsiode of seizure attack and elevated intracranial pressure, and hepatotoxic symptoms such as hepatomegaly, increased serum transaminases, and shoulder pain, excessive sweating and weight loss. Therapy was concentrated to the management of the elevated intracranial pressure. Hepatotoxic manifestations subsided within one month. The clinical signs related to elevated intracranial pressure persisted two months. Body weight regained after 2 months. And the symptoms of headache, dizziness and vomiting were complained intermittently until 4 months after onset. However, no subsequent clinical problems related with this episode has been noted until this record.
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PMID:A Case Of Niclofolan (Bilevon(R)) Intoxication. 1290

Venous thrombophilia is the result of clotting changes namely of a hypercoagulable state together with blood flow and vessel wall changes. There is no need for all these components to be present in order for thrombosis to occur. As the matter of fact, thrombosis may occur even if only one of these conditions is present. In clinical practice a combination of factors is usualy seen. In comparison with arterial thrombophilia, clotting changes and blood flow seen to play a major role in venous thrombosis. Venous thrombophilia may remain asynptomatic or may result in a series of clinical syndromes. The commonest of these are: 1. Superficial vein thrombosis, 2. Deep vein thrombosis of legs, 3. Deep vein thrombosis of arms, 4. Caval veins thrombosis, 5. Portal vein thrombosis, 6. Hepatic veins thrombosis, 7. Renal vein thrombosis, 8. Cerebral sinuses thrombosis, 9. Right heart thrombosis, 10. Miscellaneous (ovarian, adrenal veins thrombosis, etc.). Since the first two are widely and easily recognized, these is no need for an extensive discussion. Deep vein thromboses of upper limbs are not as frequent as those of lower limbs or of superficial phlebitis but they can still be recognized on clinical grounds and non invasive techniques. The remaining 7 syndromes are less common and therefore less frequently suspected and recognized. Of particular interest, among these less common manifestations of venous thrombophilia are hepatic vein and renal vein thrombosis. Hepatic veins thrombosis, sometimes part of inferior vena cava thrombosis is most frequently due to an isolated occlusion of hepatic veins thereby causing a form of venocclusive disease. Occasionally diagnosis may be difficult because of slow onset of symptoms (hepatomegaly, right flank pain, fever, ascites etc.). The same is true for renal vein thrombosis which may also be of difficult diagnosis since it causes proteinuria and flank pain. The proteinuria is often interpreted as due to a nephrotic syndrome which, incidentally, may cause by its turn renal vein thrombosis. Portal vein thrombosis and cerebral sinuses thrombosis on the contrary are more easily suspected because of ascites, adominal pain, jaundice or headache, eye proptosis, vomiting. Right heart thrombosis should be suspected in cases of recurrent pulmonary embolization. Ovarian or adrenal veins thrombosis are rare. The competent physician should always consider, given certain congenital or acquired conditions, the possibility to be facing a special form of venous thrombosis or a venous thrombosis in unusual sites. An early diagnosis, as often in medicine, is of paramount importance for a prompt treatment and a satisfactory outcome.
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PMID:Clinical aspects of venous thrombophilia. 1367 53

A 63-year-old man was admitted because of general malaise, fever, headache, generalized lymphadenopathy and hepatomegaly in July 2002. He was diagnosed as having multiple myeloma (MM) (IgG-kappa type) with atypical plasma cells in the bone marrow, lymph nodes and cerebrospinal fluid. Systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy were effective. Because of an increase of polyclonal IgE, electrophoretic patterns revealed an M-peak which was not as sharp as that in IgG myeloma. IgE production is not impaired by the pathologic process in MM patients.
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PMID:[Multiple myeloma (IgG-kappa) infiltrating central nervous system, lymph nodes, liver, and kidneys, and with elevation of IgE]. 1519 53

Dengue fever (DF) and Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are widespread in Southeast Asia. An outbreak of DF/DHF in Delhi in 2003 started during September, reached its peak in October-November, and lasted until early December. This study describes the clinical and laboratory data of the 185 cases of DF/DHF admitted to Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi. The mean age of the patients was 26 +/- 10 years. Fever was present in all the cases with an average duration of fever being 4.5 +/- 1.2 days with headache (61.6%), backache, (57.8%), vomiting (50.8%) and abdominal pain (21%) being the other presenting complaints. Hemorrhagic manifestations in the form of a positive tourniquet test (21%), gum bleeding and epistaxis (40%), hematemesis (22%), skin rashes (20%) and melena (14%) were also observed. Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly were observed in 10% and 5% of cases, respectively. Laboratory investigations revealed thrombocytopenia (with a platelet count of < 100,000/microl) in about 61.39% of cases, Leukopenia (WBC <3,000/mm2) and hemoconcentration (Hct >20% of expected for age and sex) were found in 68% and 52% of the cases, respectively. The mortality rate was 2.7%. Despite widespread measures taken to control outbreaks of DF, it caused major outbreaks. More stringent measures in the form of vector control, improved sanitation and health education are needed to decrease morbidity, mortality and health care costs caused by a preventable disease.
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PMID:The 2003 outbreak of Dengue fever in Delhi, India. 1643 42

In this retrospective study, the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of 105 adult malaria patients, who had been hospitalized between the period of 1992 and 2006 were evaluated. Nineteen percent of the patients were female, and the mean age was 28 +/- 10 years. Fifty percent of the patients acquired the infection in Southeastern Anatolia, while they were on military duty. The most common complaints were rigor (93%), fever (90%), sweating (90%), headache (76%), nausea (45%), and fatigue (38%). The most common physical examination findings were splenomegaly (86%) and hepatomegaly (62%). Anemia was detected in 23%, leukopenia in 47%, thrombocytopenia in 73%, two fold increase in ALT or AST enzyme levels in 32% of the patients. Plasmodium vivax was detected in 101 (96%) patients, whereas P. falciparum was detected in 4 patients (4%). Although the number of malaria cases in Turkey is declining in recent years, the febrile patients with a history of travel to the endemic regions should raise the suspicion of malaria.
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PMID:[Malaria in Turkey and 14 years of clinical experience]. 1700 53

In this study, the clinical and laboratory features of 26 infectious mononucleosis (IMN) cases who have been diagnosed between the years of 1984-2005 were evaluated retrospectively. The mean age of the patients was 26+/-11 years, the rate of being hospitalized was 65%, and mean hospitalization period was 9.2+/-6 days. Fever (81%), weakness (50%), sore throat (50%), headache (50%) and swollen neck (35%) were the most common symptoms, while in the physical examination cervical lymphadenopathy (81%), splenomegaly (69%), hyperemic pharynx (65%), hepatomegaly (54%) and tonsillitis (50%) were observed. Laboratory results yielded leukocytosis in 21%, leucopenia in 12%, anemia in 44%, thrombocytopenia in 5% and elevated transaminase levels in 84% of the patients. Of the patients 15 (57.7%) had the history of using antibiotics before the diagnosis. Serological diagnosis was performed by Paul-Bunnel test and/or IgM positivity against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viral capsid antigen (VCA). Tonsillo-pharyngitis secondary to edema and respiratory distress due to lymphadenopathy pressure were detected in four patients, whereas pancytopenia was established only in one patient, as complications. This study emphasized that, although IMN is a self-limited infection, the diagnostic difficulties may arise when the clinical course is atypical, and rarely seen life-threatening complications may also develop during IMN course.
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PMID:[Retrospective evaluation of patients who were diagnosed as infectious mononucleosis between 1984-2005]. 1742 57

The aim of this article is to present the manifestations of Rickettsia typhi infection in childhood. Twenty-one children under 15 years of age were hospitalised in the Department of Paediatrics of the Archbishop Makarios Hospital in Nicosia, Cyprus, from 2000 to 2006 with Rickettsia typhi infection. Ten of them were boys and 11 were girls. The median age was eight years (range four to 13 years). The most common clinical features were fever (100%) and rash (57%). Lymphadenopathy, usually cervical, was also a frequent finding (37%). Severe headache was rather infrequent (29%). Splenomegaly or hepatomegaly were less frequent findings (24% and 10%, respectively). Mild elevation of liver enzymes (AST and ALT elevated >1-fold in 81% and 75%, respectively) was the most frequent laboratory finding. Thrombocytopenia (28%) and leucopenia (17%) were less frequent. Nearly half of the patients (10/21) came from four neighbouring villages, where most residents work in agriculture. All of the children were treated with appropriate antibiotic regimens and had complete recovery. Rickettsia typhi infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of children who present during the summer or early autumn months with prolonged fever and rash with or without lymphadenopathy.
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PMID:Murine typhus in Cyprus: 21 paediatric cases. 1755 71

2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is an important occupational and environmental pollutant. In TNT-exposed humans, notable toxic manifestations have included aplastic anaemia, toxic hepatitis, cataracts, hepatomegaly and liver cancer. Therefore, it is important to develop protection measures and to monitor workers involved in the clean-up of ammunition sites. Haemoglobin (Hb) adducts of TNT, 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4ADNT) and 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2ADNT), and the urine metabolites of TNT, 4ADNT and 2ADNT were found in 22-50% of the exposed workers, but not in the control group. The exposed workers were wearing protective equipment. The levels of erythrocytes, haemoglobin, creatinine, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase and lymphocyte levels were significantly lower in the exposed workers than in the non-exposed workers. The levels of blood urea and reticulocytes were significantly higher in the exposed workers than in the non-exposed workers. Headache (26%), mucous membrane irritation (16%), sick leave (18%), lassitude (8%), anxiety (6%), shortness of breath (3%), nausea (5%) and allergic reactions (8%) were reported by the exposed workers. In a further analysis the U-4ADNT levels and the Hb-adduct levels were compared to the blood parameter and the health effects. The blood parameters were not significantly different between the U-4ADNT positive and U-4ADNT-negative group. Headache, mucous membrane irritation, sick leave, lassitude, anxiety, shortness of breath and allergic reactions were statistically not different between the two groups. Also in the workers with Hb-4ADNT adducts no significant negative changes were seen in regards to the changes of the blood parameters or the health effects. According to the results of the present study, it appears that the blood parameter changes and the health effects are more influenced by other factors than by the internal exposure to TNT.
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PMID:Biomonitoring of workers cleaning up ammunition waste sites. 1785 74

Acute Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii infection. In Taiwan, cases of acute Q fever increased during 3 y of observation, especially at Kaohsiung County and City in southern Taiwan. From 15 April 2004 to 15 April 2007, a total of 67 cases of acute Q fever were identified at E-Da hospital located at Kaohsiung County. 19 (28.4%) patients had a history of travel in rural areas and only 1 had been outside southern Taiwan. 21 (31.3%) patients had a history of animal contact. 20 (30.8%) of the 65 examined patients had underlying chronic hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus infection. Fever (98.5%), chills (79.1%), headache (79.1%), relative bradycardia (44.8%), elevated aminotransferases (100%), and thrombocytopenia (74.6%) were common manifestations. 12 (19.0%) cases had abnormal findings on chest X-ray. Fatty liver (50.0%) and hepatomegaly and/or splenomegaly (41.9%) were found by abdominal image examinations. 42 (76.4%) of 55 cases had defervescence within 3 d after treatment, whereas 4 (7.3%) had spontaneous remission. Acute Q fever is an endemic infectious disease with hepatitis rather than pneumonia as the major presentation in southern Taiwan and the emergence of Q fever is due to increased alertness for the disease by physicians.
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PMID:Acute Q fever: an emerging and endemic disease in southern Taiwan. 1785 9

Thirty cases of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) seen at King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar over a period of eight years, were analysed with respect to clinical features, laboratory investigations, radiological findings, complications and outcome. There were 13 males and 17 females with a mean age of 45 yrs + 10.1 (range 16-65 years). There was positive family history of renal disease in 17 cases. At the time of presentation, 27 cases had abdominal pain. The other features noted were hematuria (20 cases), polyuria (10 cases), urinary tract infection (22 cases), headache (9 cases), uremia (7 cases) and nephrolithiasis (5 cases). Bilaterally palpable kidneys were present in all cases. Hypertension (17 cases) was the next common clinical finding. Other clinical features noted were hepatomegaly (5 cases) and mitral valve prolapse (5 cases). Twenty-one patients had cysts in liver and five had cysts in spleen. Varying degrees of renal failure were seen in 15 cases. Six (20%) patients progressed to end stage renal disease during the period of observation.
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PMID:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: observations from a university hospital in saudi arabia. 1858 40


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