Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019209 (hepatomegaly)
 5,798 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare disease of unknown etiology characterized by recurrent episodes of pulmonary symptoms such as cough, hemoptysis, and dyspnea. Our study consisted of 23 patients: 12 males and 11 females with IPH. The diagnosis was based on history, presence of anemia, and characteristic chest X-ray, and was confirmed by showing macrophages laden with hemosiderin in gastric washings or bronchoalveolar lavage and/or open lung biopsy. All but one patient were diagnosed in our department between 1979-1994. There was a history of multiple blood transfusions for anemia in 10 patients. Consanguinity between parents was noted in 11 patients. Severe pallor, cough, hemoptysis, and hepatomegaly were the most common findings on physical examination. All but 2 patients had hypochromic microcytic anemia of varying severity. In 12 children, moderate reticulocytosis was noted. Corticosteroids were administered with doses ranging from 5 mg every other day to 2 mg/kg/day depending on the severity of the episodes (duration of disease from 2-14 years). It is our impression that patients with IPH, benefit from long-term steroid treatment which in turn results in a milder course. Long-term low-dose steroid treatment appeared to prevent crises and assured a prolonged survival.
 ...
PMID:Long-term clinical course of patients with idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (1979-1994): prolonged survival with low-dose corticosteroid therapy. 1021 56

A 34-year-old obese woman with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection diagnosed a year earlier was seen because of nausea, vomiting, and intermittent diarrhea for 3 weeks. Her current medications included zidovudine. Physical examination revealed tachypnea and tender hepatomegaly. Computed tomography of the abdomen showed hepatomegaly with fatty infiltration. Liver enzymes were within normal range except for elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The serum bicarbonate value was low, with a lactate level three times normal. The tachypnea and dyspnea worsened as lactate concentrations rapidly increased to 15 times normal. Although her Po2 and cardiac index were initially adequate, the patient had acute respiratory failure. She died with multiorgan dysfunction, including hepatic failure, severe lactic acidemia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and renal failure. Autopsy revealed hepatomegaly and massive steatosis. Physicians should consider lactic acidosis in patients taking zidovudine and having unexplained tachypnea, dyspnea, and low serum bicarbonate concentrations.
 ...
PMID:Zidovudine-associated type B lactic acidosis and hepatic steatosis in an HIV-infected patient. 1021 65

<Case 1> A 72-years-old man underwent radiation therapy (62 Gy) for esophageal carcinoma. Twelve months later, symptoms of heart failure such as syncope, cough and hepatomegaly manifested. On catheter study, a dip and plateau pattern of right ventricular pressure curve was evident. Pericardiectomy without extracorporeal circulation was performed. Operative findings and pathological results were compatible with radiation-induced constrictive pericarditis. He recovered from the heart failure, and has been doing well 3 months after the surgery. <Case 2> A 54-years-old man underwent thymectomy for malignant thymoma. He underwent a radiation therapy (52 Gy) postoperatively. After 12 months from the irradiation, syncope and dyspnea manifested. On catheter study, a dip and plateau pattern of right ventricular pressure curve was observed. Pericardiectomy with extracorporeal circulation was performed. He recovered from the heart failure after pericardiectomy, however he died of radiation-induced pneumonitis 6 months later.
 ...
PMID:[Surgical treatment of 2 cases of irradiation induced constrictive pericarditis]. 1055 96

Recently, several class-related adverse events have been recognized with antiretroviral drugs. For nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors. (NRTI), lactic acidosis with hepatomegaly and hepatic steatosis have been reported. These appear to occur at a low frequency, but with a high fatality rate. We report a case of fatal lactic acidosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) treated with stavudine (d4T), lamivudine (3TC) and indinavir (IDV). A 48-year-old male AIDS patient was admitted with complaints of general fatigue and dyspnea. His medications at presentation included d4T, 3TC and IDV. Physical examination demonstrated icteric sclerae and abdominal tenderness with hepatomegaly. Laboratory data demonstrated a severe metabolic acidosis with an anion gap due to lactate accumulation. Despite intensive treatment, cardiorespiratory arrest occurred and this could not be resuscitated.
 ...
PMID:[Fatal lactic acidosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome treated with stavudine, lamivudine and indinavir]. 1065 86

Purulent pericarditis, though rare in developed countries, is not uncommon in developing countries. However, the type of pericardial drainage required and the risk of subsequent constrictive pericarditis has not been clearly defined. Thirty children between the ages of 3 months and 12 years with a diagnosis of purulent pericarditis were studied retrospectively. Pericardial effusion was confirmed in all by echocardiography and the diagnosis of bacterial pericarditis was based on aspiration of purulent fluid with leucocytosis and high proteins. Purulent pericarditis was a part of the disseminated sepsis in 25 (83%) children. Fever was present in all, hepatomegaly in 28 and breathlessness in 25, whereas muffled heart sounds, raised JVP and pericardial rub were found in only 18, 16 and 7, respectively. The ECG was abnormal in only 16 children. Staphylococcus aureus was the causative organism in 24 (96%). Open surgical drainage was done in 26 children, 23 of whom underwent anterior pericardiectomy. Two children died of disseminated sepsis. None of the 21 who returned for follow-up for periods of between 4 and 24 months had any long-term sequelae.
 ...
PMID:Purulent pericarditis: clinical profile and outcome following surgical drainage and intensive care in children in Chandigarh. 1071 33

We report on a 43-year-old man with a primary sarcoma of the liver. The patient was admitted to the hospital for evaluation of dyspnea, abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant, diarrhea, and fever. Physical examination revealed hepatomegaly. Increased laboratory values were found for gamma-GT, LDH, CA 125, and NSE, but not for aspartate and alanine aminotransferase. Computed tomography presented a tumor in the right lobe of the liver. Venous cavography revealed a caval tumor thrombus reaching up to the right atrium. Major liver resection combined with replacement of the vena cava inferior was proposed, but before operation the patient complained about shortness of breath. Spontaneous fragmentation of the tumor thrombus with consecutive embolization of the lungs was suspected. Despite lysis therapy the patient died because of right ventricular failure. Autopsy revealed a tumor measuring 8 cm in diameter, which was located in the right lobe of the liver and invaded the inferior vena cava. Because of multiple tumor aggregates seen in the left and right main pulmonary arteries acute tumor embolization of the lungs was regarded as cause of death. Histologically the tumor was composed of bizarre giant cells surrounded by irregular spindle cells. The positive immunoreactivity pattern of the tumor cells for vimentin, lysozym, and CD68 justified the diagnosis of a malignant fibrous histocytoma (MFH) of the liver.
 ...
PMID:[Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the liver]. 1076 47

This report describes a case of cardiac tamponade as the initial manifestation of unclassified connective tissue disease (UCTD). A 68-year-old Japanese woman was admitted to hospital because of dyspnea and edema. She had undergone a radical left mastectomy for the treatment of breast cancer 18 years before. On admission, bilateral leg edema, hepatomegaly, and a paradoxical pulse were noted on physical examination. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was elevated and the C-reactive protein was 2.8 mg/dl. Antinuclear antibodies and anti-SS-A/Ro antibodies were present. The scl-70 and anticentromere antibodies were elevated. Chest radiography showed cardiomegaly. Echocardiography revealed a large pericardial effusion, but the pericardial fluid did not contain malignant cells or bacteria. She did not meet the diagnostic criteria for any known connective tissue diseases, so was diagnosed with cardiac tamponade due to UCTD. Prednisolone (30 mg/day) was administered, which resulted in a gradual resolution of the pericardial effusion. Although connective tissue diseases are known to cause pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade as the initial manifestation of the disease in the absence of other symptoms is quite rare.
 ...
PMID:Unclassified connective tissue disease presenting as cardiac tamponade: a case report. 1095 61

From 1994 to 1999, 16 captive African hedgehogs (Atelerix albiventris), from among 42 necropsy cases, were diagnosed with cardiomyopathy. The incidence of cardiomyopathy in this study population was 38%. Fourteen of 16 hedgehogs with cardiomyopathy were males and all hedgehogs were adult (>1 year old). Nine hedgehogs exhibited 1 or more of the following clinical signs before death: heart murmur, lethargy, icterus, moist rales, anorexia, dyspnea, dehydration, and weight loss. The remaining 7 hedgehogs died without premonitory clinical signs. Gross findings were cardiomegaly (6 cases), hepatomegaly (5 cases), pulmonary edema (5 cases), pulmonary congestion (4 cases), hydrothorax (3 cases), pulmonary infarct (1 case), renal infarcts (1 case), ascites (1 case), and 5 cases showed no changes. Histologic lesions were found mainly within the left ventricular myocardium and consisted primarily of myodegeneration, myonecrosis, atrophy, hypertrophy, and disarray of myofibers. All hedgehogs with cardiomyopathy had myocardial fibrosis, myocardial edema, or both. Other common histopathologic findings were acute and chronic passive congestion of the lungs, acute passive congestion of the liver, renal tubular necrosis, vascular thrombosis, splenic extramedullary hematopoiesis, and hepatic lipidosis. This is the first report of cardiomyopathy in African hedgehogs.
 ...
PMID:Cardiomyopathy in captive African hedgehogs (Atelerix albiventris). 1102 39

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is gaining widespread acceptance. To evaluate this new approach, the authors evaluated 40 laparoscopic adrenalectomies. Between June 1995 and February 1999, 40 lateral transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomies were performed in 38 patients. The clinical diagnoses were primary aldosteronism (20 patients), Cushing adenoma (2 patients), cortical hyperplasia with hypercortisolism (2 patients), pheochromocytoma (8 patients), and other conditions (6 patients). There were no deaths or subsequent procedures. The mean operative time was 121 minutes. One procedure performed for hypercortisolism was converted to open adrenalectomy because of hepatomegaly and postoperative adhesions. Seven patients had complications: one patient with small pulmonary embolus with transient dyspnea, one patient with pneumothorax, two patients with postoperative bleeding, two patients with prolonged pain at a trocar wound, and one patient with a urinary tract infection. Lateral transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy seems to be a safe and effective minimally invasive approach for adrenal surgery, and the authors consider it to be the standard surgical procedure for benign adrenal tumors.
 ...
PMID:An institutional experience with 40 first lateral transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomies. 1114 14

Congestive heart failure was diagnosed in a 27-year-old Indian ringneck parakeet with exercise-induced dyspnea. A grade IV/VI holosystolic murmur that radiated to the right sternal area was auscultated over the left side of the sternum. Radiography revealed progressive cardiomegaly, hepatomegaly, pulmonary edema, and accumulation of fluid within the coelomic cavity. Echocardiography revealed biatrial enlargement and enlargement of the right ventricle. Doppler recording revealed high velocity left and right atrioventricular valve regurgitation. Treatment with digoxin and furosemide alleviated clinical signs for approximately 10 months. Gross postmortem examination revealed cardiac enlargement and eccentric hypertrophy of both ventricles on cross-section. Pulmonary congestion and edema, hepatomegaly, hepatic congestion, and ascites were also evident. Histologic examination of the heart revealed myxomatous degeneration of the left atrioventricular valve, muscular hypertrophy of the right atrioventricular valve, and biventricular chronic myofiber degeneration and necrosis.
 ...
PMID:Congestive heart failure associated with myxomatous degeneration of the left atrioventricular valve in a parakeet. 1120 63


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>