Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019209 (hepatomegaly)
 5,798 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Since prolactin, like the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate, induces ornithine decarboxylase and plasminogen activator activities, biochemical markers of a trophic response, this hormone might likewise promote neoplasia. To test this theory, rats were initiated with a hepatocarcinogen followed by six weeks of ovine prolactin. This regimen caused hepatomegaly and the development of enzyme-altered foci. Promotion with prolactin for 23 weeks further increased the numbers of enzyme-altered foci. We suggest that prolactin is an endogenous tumor promoter for chemically initiated cells.
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PMID:Prolactin is a tumor promoter in rat liver. 286 49

The effectiveness, side effects and serum FSH, LH, prolactin, estradiol and progesterone levels were monitored in 79 women taking Anteovin for a total of 506 cycles (mean 6.4 cycles). Anteovin is a biphasic oral contraceptive with 11 tablets containing 0.05 mg levonorgestrel and 0.05 mg ethinyl estradiol, and 10 tablets containing 0.125 mg levonorgestrel and 0.05 mg ethinyl estradiol. There were no pregnancies. 11 women dropped out because of hepatomegaly (1), bleeding disorder (3), gastric pain and nausea (1), breast pain (1), nausea and vomiting (1), and personal reasons (4). 10.3% of those continuing reported minor side effects. Menses occurred every 28 days for 3-5 days, with 2 cases of breakthrough bleeding but no oversuppression. Progesterone ranged from 1.5-2.0 nmol/1, estradiol varied between 68-93 pmol/1, LH stayed constant at 6.3-11 U/1, FSH remained at 5.8-6.8 U-1 without a peak, and prolactin levels were lower than those seen in control cycles. These hormone levels all resemble those observed in anovulatory cycles. This pill is especially suitable for teens and nulliparas.
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PMID:Clinicopharmacological examination of Anteovin. 343 59

The "cobalt" variant of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) lacks most of the pars intermedia of the pituitary, and shows significant obesity with an enlarged liver and a fat accumulation in the abdominal cavity. Plasma levels of growth hormone, prolactin, and somatolactin were significantly lower in the cobalt variant than those in the normal trout. In contrast, plasma insulin level was four times higher than that in the normal. Plasma levels of total protein, free cholesterol, and triacylglycerol were higher in the cobalt, while those of glucose and fatty acids were not different from the normal levels. In the white muscle, red muscle, liver, and mesenteric fat, the cobalt showed higher contents of triacylglycerol than the normal fish. There was no significant difference in tissue contents of phosphatidylcholine between the two groups of the trout, except for that in the mesenteric fat, exhibiting significantly lower content than in the normal fish. Activity of triacylglycerol lipase in the liver in vivo was lower in the cobalt than that in the normal trout, while there was no significant difference between the two in the cultured liver slices. Desacetyl-alpha-MSH stimulated lipolysis of triacylglycerol similarly in the cultured liver slices from the normal trout and from the cobalt variant. Results from this study suggest that the lack of pars intermedia and the increased plasma level of insulin are involved in a depression of lipid mobilization and obesity in this variant of rainbow trout.
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PMID:Relationships between obesity and metabolic hormones in the "cobalt" variant of rainbow trout. 1227 Jul 86