Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019209 (hepatomegaly)
 5,798 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a case of a 61-year-old man who presented with fatigue, abdominal pain and hepatomegaly. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed hepatomegaly and multiple hepatic lesions highly suggestive of metastatic diseases. Due to the endoscopic finding of colon ulcer, colon cancer with liver metastases was suspected. Biochemically a slight increase of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and gammaglutamyl transpeptidase were present; alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryogenic antigen and carbohydrate 19-9 antigen serum levels were normal. Laboratory and instrumental investigations, including colon and liver biopsies revealed no signs of malignancy. In the light of spontaneous improvement of symptoms and CT findings, his personal history was reevaluated revealing direct contact with pigs and their tissues. Diagnosis of leptospirosis was considered and confirmed by detection of an elevated titer of antibodies to leptospira. After two mo, biochemical data, CT and colonoscopy were totally normal.
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PMID:A case of leptospirosis simulating colon cancer with liver metastases. 1528 43

A 2 1/2-month-old infant presented with a massive hepatomegaly. Ultrasound and computerized tomography showed a large cystic lesion in the right adrenal, small cysts in the left adrenal, and multiple cystic liver metastases. The right adrenal cyst, on excision, turned out to be a cystic neuroblastoma with hemorrhage. On follow-up, the cysts in the left adrenal and the liver metastases are regressing.
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PMID:Bilateral cystic adrenal neuroblastoma with cystic metastasis in the liver. 1770 80

Liver scan characteristics and liver function tests of 72 patients with proved hepatic malignancy (54 metastatic, 18 primary) were evaluated. Well-defined focal defects were observed in 83% of patients with metastatic and 77% of patients with primary liver carcinoma. In 10% of the patients with metastatic liver disease the distribution of radioactivity was normal. Four or more biochemical liver function tests were normal in 33% of metastatic and 29% of primary liver cancer patients. Hepatic enlargement was present in the scan in 94% of the patients with liver metastases; however, data obtained from 104 necropsies of patients with hepatic metastases showed that only 46% had hepatomegaly. We recommend, therefore, that a liver scan should be performed before major tumour surgery in every patient with known malignancy regardless of normal liver size or normal liver function tests.
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PMID:Role of liver scanning in the preoperative evaluation of patients with cancer. 2079 54

Neuroendocrine tumors are uncommon cancers characterized by a slow grow rate. Unresectable liver metastases are the main cause of death in patients with these tumors. This is the first Argentine report of a liver transplantation as an indication for the treatment of unresectable liver metastases from a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. We present a 48-year-old woman with diagnosis of a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor with multiple bilobar unresectable liver metastases. A splenopancreatectomy was performed after a complete staging revealed absence of extrahepatic disease. Six months later, a follow-up performed with thoracoabdominal CT scan and octreo-scan was consistent with no tumor recurrence or extrahepatic disease. As the huge hepatomegaly caused a notorius deterioration in the patient's quality of life, we decided to include her in the waiting list for liver transplantation. Priority points were requested to the MELD (model for end stage liver disease) Exceptions Experts Committee with a positive response. Twelve months after the primary surgery, with a MELD score of 23 points, a deceased donor liver transplantation was performed without evidence at that moment of residual disease. Eighteen months after liver transplantation, the patient required the surgical repair of a stenosis in the biliary anastomosis. At the surgery peritoneal tumor recurrence was diagnosed. Now, 24 months after liver transplantation the patient has an excellent quality of life and a well functioning graft. We report this case of a liver transplantation as an indication for the treatment of liver metastases from a neuroendocrine tumor and we review the literature on this controversial issue.
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PMID:[Liver trasplantation for the treatment of non-resectable metastases of neuroendocrine tumors: first report in Argentina]. 2223 4

Carcinoma of the large bowel is the fourth commonest cancer worldwide. The most frequent site for metastasis is the liver. Overall 30% of patients develop liver metastasis during the course of their illness; of these, 23% to 47% are synchronous lesions. These data are based on western studies. No data are published on patients with colorectal cancer from Egypt. We aimed to assess the incidence of colorectal liver metastasis in Egyptian patients and to evaluate the differences in the clinicopathological features and tumor behavior in patients with and without liver metastasis. One hundred forty eight patients were prospectively enrolled in the study. Patients were classified into metastatic group (n=78) and non metastatic group (n=70). In the two groups macroscopic features compared including: tumor size (2 cm, 2-5 cm, and >5 cm), site of primary tumor, side of liver involved, clinical symptoms and liver profile. Carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen (CA19.9) levels were recorded. At microscopy, tumor differentiation, invasion and nodal status were evaluated. No difference was found in the distribution of the primary site and size of the tumor. Jaundice, hepatomegaly and ascites were significantly higher in patients with liver metastases. Patients with liver metastasis had higher levels of CEA, CA19.9, higher frequency of vascular invasion and nodal involvement.
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PMID:Liver metastases in Egyptian patients with colorectal cancer: incidence and clinico-pathological predictors. 2243 52

A 54-year-old man was referred to our hospital for close examination and treatment of an advanced gastric cancer. Gastrointestinal endoscopic examination showed a type 3 tumor, which was diagnosed as well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, and computed tomography showed multiple enlarged liver metastases in both the lobes. He underwent gastrojejunostomy and was treated with S-1 and cisplatin combination chemotherapy. However, after 4 courses of chemotherapy, progression of disease occurred. Because the human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2(HER2) test was positive, we started trastuzumab and paclitaxel combination chemotherapy as a second-line treatment. After administration of 7 courses of trastuzumab and 5 courses of paclitaxel, the primary lesion and multiple liver metastases were greatly reduced. Trastuzumab and paclitaxel combination chemotherapy appears to be an effective treatment for HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:[A case of unresectable HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer successfully treated by combination therapy with trastuzumab and paclitaxel]. 2326 70

Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is defined as a liver disease that causes encephalopathy within 8 weeks of onset in the absence of pre-existing liver disease. Although liver metastases are commonly found in cancer patients, FHF secondary to diffuse liver infiltration is rare. Here, we report the rare autopsy cases of patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and secondary FHF. These patients presented with remarkable hepatomegaly and a near complete replacement of the liver parenchyma with metastatic tumor. Neoplastic involvement of the liver should be considered in the differential diagnosis of FHF.
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PMID:Fulminant hepatic failure and hepatomegaly caused by diffuse liver metastases from small cell lung carcinoma: 2 autopsy cases. 2379 Jul 38

A 36-year-old male who carried a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome presented with chronic watery diarrhea and was found to have hepatomegaly on physical exam. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen revealed hepatomegaly with lesions suspicious for metastatic disease. A colonoscopy revealed a polypoid lesion in the terminal ileum, which was biopsied, revealing a neuroendocrine tumor (NET). He was treated with palliative octreotide and chemoembolization of liver metastases until disease progression. The case highlights the importance of considering functional NETs, especially carcinoid syndrome, in patients with chronic unresolving diarrhea, since early diagnosis allows for further treatment options that can prolong survival.
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PMID:A cause to consider for chronic unresolving diarrhea. 2532 16

We report a case of a fetus with an ultrasonography diagnosis of a neuroblastoma during a routine third trimester fetal scan, which presented as a hyperechogenic nodule located above the right kidney. No other abnormalities were found in the ultrasonography scan; however, the follow-up ultrasonography during the 36th week of gestation revealed that the lesion had doubled in size. At the same time, magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a round mass in the topography of the right adrenal gland with a low signal on T1-weighted images and slightly high signal on T2-weighted images, causing a slight inferior displacement of the kidney. The liver had enlarged and had heterogeneous signal intensity, predominantly hypointense on T2-weighted sequences. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of congenital adrenal neuroblastoma with liver metastases was suggested. A newborn male was delivered by cesarean section 2 weeks later. The physical examination of the neonate revealed abdominal distention and hepatomegaly. The infant had a clinical follow-up in which no surgical or medical intervention was required. At 5 months of age, the infant was asymptomatic with a normal physical examination.
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PMID:Fetal neuroblastoma: ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging findings in the prenatal and postnatal IV-S stage. 2766 6

We report the case of a male patient of 75 years old who presents with abdominal pain, hyporexia, early satiety, general malaise and watery stools, admitted in emergency for an episode of syncope. On physical examination, hepatomegaly of 6cm below the right costal margin was detected. CT scan showed multiple liver metastases. An upper endoscopy found multiple hyperpigmented lesions on the second portion of the duodenum. Histology and immunohistochemistry studies concluded it was duodenal melanoma. Skin and ocular examination did not reveal associated neoplastic lesions.
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PMID:[Duodenal melanoma: a case report and review of the literature]. 2909 93


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