Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019209 (hepatomegaly)
 5,798 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report here nine children with AIDS. The risk factors of these patients were hemophilia in one, blood transfusions in four, maternal intravenous drug use in three and paternal AIDS in one. One baby was also of Haitian parentage. The major clinical symptoms included failure to thrive, hepatomegaly, lymphadenopathy, interstitial pneumonia, recurrent bacterial and viral infections and persistent oral thrush. Three infants had chronic recurrent parotitis. Five infants developed opportunistic infections primarily Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and all five died of bacterial sepsis. None of the infants were lymphopenic but all had reversed T4/T8 ratios and poor in vitro lymphocyte responses to pokeweed mitogens. Although many of the clinical and laboratory features of pediatric and adult AIDS are similar, there are some unique features for pediatric AIDS such as the absence of lymphopenia and the high prevalence of recurrent bacterial infections and sepsis.
 ...
PMID:Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in infants and children: report of nine cases. 383 Feb 64

Clinically, malnutrition appears as the last stage in pediatric AIDS. It is, however, difficult to determine the causes of malnutrition without diagnostic facilities and in the absence of differentiating clinical criteria. The authors therefore set out to determine the prevalence of HIV in children, to assess the various modes of infection in children, and to define a clinical profile indicative of HIV infection in malnourished children. They found that among children exhibiting severe malnutrition, HIV-seropositive children are distinguished by a high horizontal transmission rate, a high specific clinical profile, and a very poor prognosis. The study population consisted of 433 severely malnourished children of average age 19 months, in the range 4-48 months, admitted to the Sanou Souro National Hospital in Burkina Faso. 63% presented with marasmus, 13%% with kwashiorkor, and 24% with both forms of malnutrition. 13.8% of children older than 12 months were infected with HIV; HIV-1 in 95.8% of these cases. Mother-to-child transmission was proved in 77% of cases; in 10% of the observed pediatric AIDS cases, transmission may have occurred through multi-injections with contaminated equipment. Marasmus was the form of malnutrition most frequently associated with HIV, with its severity exacerbated by HIV infection. Adenopathy, oral candidiasis, skin disorders, and hepatomegaly appeared to be significantly related to HIV infection. Discriminant analysis, however, revealed that the presence of adenopathies was the strongest indicator symptom of HIV infection. Multivariate analysis defined a clinical profile of marasmus, adenopathies, and oral candidiasis as indicative of HIV infection in the population. The short-term clinical prognosis for the infants was poor and usually led to the death of the child when seropositive.
 ...
PMID:HIV infection and severe malnutrition: a clinical and epidemiological study in Burkina Faso. 844 99

Adenovirus infections occur commonly in infants and children but are rarely fatal. Although immunosuppression has been associated recently with fatal outcome of adenovirus infections, reports of major morbidity or mortality caused by adenovirus infection in HIV positive patients are infrequent. This is the first report on fatal adenovirus infections in presumably HIV-positive infants in Thailand. Three infants, aged 4, 8 and 5 months, were hospitalized with diagnoses of pneumonia and ARDS, pneumonia with hepatomegaly and ARDS, and pediatric AIDS with pneumonia, respectively. All the infants died within a few weeks after hospitalization. Serologic tests revealed positive anti-HIV in all three infants. Unfortunately, no additional investigation for definite diagnosis of HIV infection was employed. Pathological findings from autopsy and post mortem needle biopsies revealed adenovirus pneumonia in the first two infants, and massive adenovirus infection of the liver in the third infant. Diagnoses were based on characteristic light microscopic pathological findings, and demonstration of viral particles arranged in crystalline arrays in the nucleus of the infected cells by electron microscopy.
 ...
PMID:Fatal adenovirus infections in infants probably infected with HIV. 962 14