Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019209 (hepatomegaly)
 5,798 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This report reviews the manifestations in fifteen children of proved adenoviral pneumonia. Patients' ages ranged from 43 days to 4 years and 1 month. Twelve cases were younger than 2 years old. Adenoviral infections were proved by positive viral cultures or a four-fold increase of the complement fixation titer. Prolonged fever and cough were found in all cases. In 13 patients, respiratory distress occurred; 5 needed mechanical ventilation. Injected throats, conjunctivae and ear drums were common. Other clinical pictures included abdominal discomfort, hepatomegaly, skin rash, convulsion and bleeding tendency. Abnormal laboratory findings were mild anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein, impaired liver function test, and prolonged prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time. Anemia (11 cases), leukopenia (7 cases) and elevated transaminases levels (7 cases) were more common than previously reported. All patients had para-hilar peribronchial infiltrates in chest roentgenography. Segmental atelectasis and compensated hyper-expansion were found frequently. Pleural effusion were noted in six of our cases. Air leak syndrome occurred in three patients who had received mechanical ventilation. Three of the 15 patients expired: one had a preceding measles infection, all had disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. For patients with antibiotic-resistant pneumonia, adenoviral studies should be done. Extrapulmonary manifestations, and some abnormal laboratory findings, i.e., mild anemia, leukopenia, impaired liver function are clues to adenoviral infections, while bleeding tendency can be regarded as a poor prognostic sign for children with adenoviral pneumonia.
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PMID:Adenoviral pneumonia in children. 132 94

A retrospective study on severe malnutrition concerning children hospitalized at the Pediatric ward of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan from January 1 to December 31, 1988 was conducted. Patients less than five years old were included in this study. The purpose of this study was to know the incidence of severe malnutrition, its symptoms and signs, the immunization status, feeding pattern and socio-economic factors. Out of the 3370 hospitalized patients, 2453 (72.78%) were children under five years old. Of these, 312 (12%) suffered from severe malnutrition. It consisted of marasmus 131 (41.9%), marasmic kwashiorkor 94 (30.1%) and kwashiorkor 87 (27.8%). The highest incidence was found in the age group of 0-2 years (58%). Clinical manifestation of marasmus were old man face (131 or 100%), muscular hypotrophy (118 or 71.9%) and decreased subcutaneous fat (116 or 71.1%) in marasmic kwashiorkor children 46 or 50% had their hair easily picked out, 45 or 46.3% showed hyperpigmentation and 48 or 52% had pretibial edema in the kwashiorkor group 29 or 63% had moon face, 52 or 60.4% showed crazy pavement dermatosis, 77 or 51.3% had hepatomegaly and 87 or 48% pretebial edema. Moon face was seen in 29 (63%), crazy Pavement Dermatosis in 52 (60.4%), hepatomegaly in 77 (51.3%), and pretebial edema in 87 (48%) of kwashiorkor cases. The accompanying diseases were mostly diarrhea (95%) and bronchopneumonia (22%). Immunization status showed that BCG comprised 50.6%, while DPT III and OPV III in 13.7% and 10.5% respectively and measles only 0.64%. More than half (59.6%) of them were breast-fed up to 6 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Clinical features of severe malnutrition at the pediatric ward of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan. 207 61

Eighty cases of miliary tuberculosis admitted to our hospital between January 1981 and December 1984 were reviewed. The age of the patients ranged from 3 months to 12 years, with an average of 2 years 2 months (26.5 months). Nine cases (11.25%) died during hospitalization due to the severe condition at the time of admission. Only 8 patients (10%) were in good nutritional condition. Seventy-two patients (90%) had been visiting the primary health care clinic for several times since 2-3 months but were never diagnosed as suffering from tuberculosis. Fever or recurrent fever were found in 78 cases (97.5%), anorexia in 65 cases (81.3%), chronic and/or recurrent cough in 72 cases (90%) and malaise in 43 (53.8%). Forty-one (51.3%) denied the presence of a close contact with source of infection. Hepatomegaly was found in 44 cases (55%), 19 (23.8%) of which were associated with splenomegaly. Choroidal tubercle was found in 4 cases; 1 case with coxitis, 1 with brain tuberculoma, 1 with ascites, 1 with endobronchitis and 1 with hepatitis. Forty-three (53.8%) were tuberculin negatives, 24 of which become positives after treatment. Fourteen cases had BCG scar. History of measles was found in 21 cases. Children with longterm and recurrent fever, anorexia, decrease of body weight and recurrent cough should be suspected of having TB thus enabling to get an early diagnosis.
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PMID:Miliary tuberculosis in children. A clinical review. 207 67

The impact of malnutrition on morbidity and mortality associated with acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) was studied in Filipino children less than 5 years old. Malnutrition measured by weight-for-age Z-scores of less than -3 SD and less than -2 SD from the National Center for Health Statistics median reference population was associated with the following significant relative risks of morbidity: 1.24 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.14, 1.34) and 1.14 (95% CI = 1.08, 1.19), respectively, for ARI; and 1.9 (95% CI = 1.46, 2.39) and 1.2 (95% CI = 1.03, 1.47), respectively, for acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI). These risk ratios remained significant when adjusted for age, crowding, and parental smoking. Malnourished children with severe ALRI also had a mortality risk two to three times higher than that of healthy children. This risk remained significant even when adjusted for significant predictors of mortality, including clinical complications, concurrent measles, severe infections, and female gender; and for clinical factors, including extent of pneumonic infiltrates, dehydration, and hepatic enlargement. These findings underscore the importance of nutritional intervention in the control of morbidity and mortality among patients with ARI.
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PMID:Malnutrition and acute respiratory tract infections in Filipino children. 227 Apr 4

In Lesotho's central hospital 55 (25%) of 218 admissions for severe PEM died during 1981 and 1982. Most deaths (62%) occurred in the first week. The most important causes of death were acute GE and pneumonia in marasmus and kwashiorkor, respectively. The cause of death remained obscure in 16 children, however. In marasmus a poor prognosis was significantly associated with the finding on admission of a temperature less than 36.5 degrees C (P less than 0.05), apathy (P less than 0.01) and a depigmented skin (P less than 0.05), while in marasmic kwashiorkor only the finding of the latter was significantly (P less than 0.05) associated with death. In non-survivors with kwashiorkor the following characteristics were observed significantly more often: complaints of diarrhoea and/or vomiting on admission (P less than 0.05), the finding of apathy, pallor, skin defects and hepatomegaly on admission (P less than 0.01), and the finding of a low serum albumen, Na+ and K+ in the first days (P less than 0.05). Irritability was significantly (P less than 0.05) more common in survivors with kwashiorkor. Xerophthalmia was observed only once. Infections were diagnosed in 86% of all and giardiasis in 28% of 146 children. Twenty-eight children contracted measles of whom 5 died. Severe PEM still carries a high mortality despite hospitalisation. The findings confirm the need for intensive management of severe PEM.
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PMID:Severe protein energy malnutrition in Lesotho, death and survival in hospital, clinical findings. 310 Dec 51

The medical history, clinical features and investigations of 145 children with kwashiorkor were compared with 113 marasmic kwashiorkor, 158 marasmic children and 186 nutritionally normal controls of similar age admitted to hospital in Khartoum. Factors in the group with protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) which could relate to aetiology include: a history of prolonged illness and anorexia, frequent and prolonged episodes of diarrhoea and recent measles. The delay in achievement of developmental milestones in PEM children probably reflects the frequent and chronic illnesses in this group. An episode of previous oedema was reported in 22 per cent of marasmic kwashiorkor, 12 per cent of kwashiorkor and 12 per cent of marasmic children. Though hair and mucosal changes and enlarged liver were more common in the marasmic kwashiorkor and kwashiorkor groups, they were also common in marasmic children. There was no significant difference in behaviour (apathy, irritability, anorexia) between kwashiorkor and marasmic children. The classical skin changes of kwashiorkor were only seen in the oedematous children. The mortality was 19 per cent in kwashiorkor, 35 per cent in marasmic kwashiorkor, and 14.5 per cent in the marasmic group. The major differences between marasmus and kwashiorkor children were that the kwashiorkor children were reported larger at birth, achieved more normal developmental milestones, were taller and had larger head circumference than the marasmic children. The implications of these findings in relation to aetiology are discussed.
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PMID:Protein-energy malnutrition in northern Sudan: clinical studies. 314 Nov 44

With the advent of effective antiviral treatment for disseminated herpes infection it has become important to be able to make a firm clinical diagnosis of this condition. We undertook a retrospective analysis of 20 patients with disseminated herpes simplex infection diagnosed at necropsy to derive useful clinical pointers to this severe form of the disease. The most useful clinical criteria were malnutrition, post measles state, and local herpes infection in addition to encephalopathy, enlarging hepatomegaly, and deteriorating pneumonia. The liver showed characteristic histological changes in 18 of 19 patients. These clinical criteria combined with liver biopsy were applied in a prospective pilot study of five patients at risk for disseminated herpes infection and the results were encouraging.
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PMID:Usefulness of clinical features and liver biopsy in diagnosis of disseminated herpes simplex infection. 648 59

One hundred seventy children, 16 months to 14 years of age, were intoxicated by the ingestion of rape oil denatured with aniline. The most frequent findings were fever, itch, adenopathy, hepatomegaly, and varied exanthems. A few weeks after the onset of the disease, more than a third of the patients experienced a syndrome similar to scleroderma. After more than nine months, three patients were found to be seriously impaired. Two girls died of measles contracted during the course of the intoxication. Prednisone caused dramatic and rapid symptomatic relief.
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PMID:Intoxication caused by ingestion of rape oil denatured with aniline. 661 45

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, epidemiological and demographical features of adult measles cases admitted to our hospital, during the measles epidemic which emerged in Europe and in our country in the year 2001. A total of 35 adult measles cases (10 male, 25 female) ages between 16-36 (mean age: 23.1 +/- 4.6) years were detected between January and June 2001. The diagnosis was based on the clinical findings, however only 11 of the cases could be serologically confirmed with the presence of measles IgM antibody positivities. Fever (91.4%), cough (94.3%) and conjunctivitis (77.1%) were the most common symptoms. All of the patients had maculopapular rash, and the presence of Koplik spots, lymphadenopathy and hepatomegaly were observed in 77.1%, 57.1%, and 5.7% of patients, respectively. Leukopenia and elevated liver enzymes were detected in 28.5% and 37.2% of the patients, respectively. Pneumonia was the most common complication which was seen in 20% of the patients. Of the cases 2.9% exhibited otitis media and 17.1% diarrhea. Spontaneous abortus occurred in one of the three pregnant women. In conclusion, measles is still an important public health problem in our country, and since it may lead to severe complications and economic and labor loss, an effective elimination programme should be obtained by the use of vaccine in two doses and effective strategies for the immunization of the target populations.
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PMID:[Evaluation of 35 adult measles cases detected in a measles outbreak]. 1742 55