Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019209 (hepatomegaly)
 5,798 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fourteen patients had mesenteric, portal, or splenic venous thrombosis that was diagnosed primarily by contrast-enhanced CT. The group included five patients with coagulopathy, three with pancreatic carcinoma, two with cirrhosis and portal hypertension, one with pancreatitis, and one with hepatocellular carcinoma. In two patients, no etiology was determined. In all cases, CT easily identified low-density venous thrombosis, which frequently involved more than one vein. In four patients, all three splanchnic veins were involved; five patients had occlusion of two veins. In five patients, only one vein was involved. Additional CT findings included ascites, collateral veins, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly. No venous wall enhancement was found. CT also was helpful in defining the cause of thrombosis in six of 14 patients. Mesenteric edema and/or bowel wall thickening was not identified. None of the patients had classic clinical evidence of splanchnic venous occlusion, and none died primarily of that disease. The major morbidity suffered by these patients stemmed from complications of splanchnic venous occlusion, and nine patients ultimately required sclerotherapy, splenectomy, and portal decompression. We conclude that CT is useful in the diagnosis of splanchnic venous thrombosis. Our experience suggests that mesenteric, splenic, and/or portal venous thrombosis may occur more commonly than has been previously thought and that the disease in many cases is not life threatening.
 ...
PMID:Thrombosis of the splanchnic veins: CT diagnosis. 325 38

We present our experience with 18 pediatric patients with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency of the PiZZ phenotype. Fifteen patients (83%) presented with neonatal cholestatic jaundice at a mean age of 2 +/- 0.6 months (+/- S.D.). The male:female ratio was 15:3, indicating a male predominance. All metabolic, infectious and obstructive causes of jaundice were ruled out by appropriate tests in the patients with neonatal cholestasis. Liver biopsy in 14 patients with neonatal cholestasis showed a histological picture of cholestasis in all biopsies; neonatal giant cell hepatitis appeared in seven, increased fibrosis in appeared five and established liver cirrhosis appeared in two biopsies. Patients were followed for a mean of 3.7 +/- 2.4 years (+/- S.D.). Of the 15 patients with neonatal cholestasis, 3 under went liver transplantation because of decompensated liver cirrhosis at 3, 3 1/2 and 7 years. Two patients died at 4 months and 3 years from complications of liver cirrhosis. Of the remaining 10 patients, 3 had histological evidence of liver cirrhosis, and the remaining 7 patients continue to have enlarged liver and spleen with abnormal liver function tests. Of the three patients without history of neonatal cholestasis, only one had enlarged liver and spleen, and the remaining two are healthy with normal liver function tests. Our experience indicates serious liver disease is highly likely to develop in patients with PiZZ alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency who present with neonatal cholestatic jaundice. Our experience differs from more recent reports on such patients.
 ...
PMID:Liver disease in children with PiZZ alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. 328 87

The authors stressed the point that investigations conducted by them, showed a high value of ultrasonic scanning in the recognition of diffuse liver lesions. Ultrasonic diagnosis of persisting and active forms of chronic hepatitis can be only hypothetical because of the absence of pathognomonic echographic signs of this type of pathology. On echography fatty degeneration was characterized by hepatomegaly, blurred liver contours, preserved elasticity of the organ and diffuse homogeneous enhancement of its structure. Diffuse focal enhancement of the echo structure of the liver, its irregular surface, and an increase in the liver elasticity and echo permeability indicated a possibility of liver cirrhosis, and the combination of these signs with ascites or dilatation of the portal veins confirmed it. There was no relationship of an ultrasonic picture with clinical symptoms and laboratory findings.
 ...
PMID:[Clinico-echographic parallels in diffuse liver diseases]. 330 13

To identify prognostic factors in cirrhotic patients admitted to the hospital for the treatment of an episode of ascites, a survival analysis was performed in a series of 139 patients hospitalized in our Unit between 1980 and 1985. Mean follow-up was 12.8 +/- 14.2 mo (mean +/- SD). A total of 38 variables based on history, physical examination, hepatic biochemical tests, renal function tests, and endogenous vasoactive systems were analyzed for prognostic value. Eighteen of these variables had prognostic value in the univariate analysis. A multivariate analysis (Cox's regression method) disclosed that 7 of these 18 variables had independent prognostic value. Of these independent predictors of survival, mean arterial pressure and plasma norepinephrine concentration were the variables that best predicted prognosis. Two other variables that independently correlated with survival were urinary sodium excretion and glomerular filtration rate. The remaining three independent predictors of survival were nutritional status, hepatomegaly, and serum albumin concentration. Therefore, these findings indicate that, in patients with cirrhosis and ascites, parameters estimating systemic hemodynamics and renal function are better predictors of survival than those routinely used to estimate hepatic function.
 ...
PMID:Prognostic value of arterial pressure, endogenous vasoactive systems, and renal function in cirrhotic patients admitted to the hospital for the treatment of ascites. 333 20

Of 3200 buffaloes examined at Bareilly abattoir 915 (28.6%) were positive for hydatidosis. The hydatid infected organs were lungs (60%), liver (32%), spleen (4%), kidneys (2%), heart (0.9%) and brain (0.1%). The number of hydatid cysts encountered in lungs of an individual buffalo was 1-9 and 1-7 in liver. One buffalo liver showed severe hepatomegaly, cirrhosis and had an exceptionally high number of hydatid cysts. Infectivity studies in pups showed 16-29 per cent worm establishment with the presence of shelled eggs within the uterus of the parasite on day 45 post-infection.
 ...
PMID:Prevalence of hydatid in buffaloes in India and report of a severe liver infection. 339 13

One-hundred-and-ten children between the ages of two months and 14 years with the following liver diseases were studied: 16 with acute viral hepatitis, 8 with persistent chronic hepatitis, 31 with active chronic hepatitis, 5 with hepatic steatosis, 11 with cirrhosis of the liver, 24 with newborn cholestasis, 3 with Wilson's disease, 2 with congenital hepatic fibrosis, 5 with metabolic diseases and 5 due to other causes. These children presented Pi system phenotypes in isoelectric focus using ultrafine polyacrylamide gels according to Kuepper's method, with modifications incorporated to determine Alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1-AT) serum level deficiencies in those presenting the Pi ZZ phenotype, a liver biopsy with P.A.S. coloration on digestion of diastase and a family history of the phenotype. Four (3.6%) of the children with Pi ZZ phenotypes showed a decrease of serum A1-AT and the presence of positive P.A.S. inclusions resistant to diastase in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. Three had a history of postnatal icterus and the fourth presented hepatomegaly. The phenotypic study of the parents showed their being heterozygous (MZ), while siblings were normal (MM). The importance of the diagnosis of A1-AT deficiency and the diagnostic value of detecting Pi system phenotypes in every case of liver disease in children and adolescents is stressed.
 ...
PMID:[The value of the Pi system phenotype in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency]. 349 88

We report histological aspect of population, expression of middle classes of Lombardia (Italy), affected by hepatomegaly with or without marks of biohumoral compromised. After classification in groups, according to a minutely explained scheme, we investigate the hepatitis B virus (HBV) immunological aspect and the frequency of the several configurations in every group. We have found HBV positive almost half hepatopathies classified as metabolic according to histological features and 70% of the liver cirrhosis without histological signs of inflammation. The immunological shape showed by last group is identical to the shape of the group with typical histological signs of persistent chronic hepatitis. Another epidemiologic factor as age marks the different histological groups and leads to advance hypotheses of consecutiveness. Distribution of the different histological forms with reference to sex allows the same considerations on pathogenetic factors of progression.
 ...
PMID:[Associated hepatitis B virus forms and analysis of immunologic configurations in histologically typified chronic diseases of the liver. Epidemiologic aspects and development factors]. 350 3

This paper reviews the literature reports concerning sickle cell disease and the hepatobiliary system. Sickle cell disease can cause progressive injury to the liver with significant fibrosis, often cirrhosis, and decreased liver function by adulthood. Asymptomatic patients commonly have hepatomegaly and elevated liver enzyme levels. The presence of sickle cell disease obscures features otherwise useful in differential diagnosis. Acute episodes of the disease selectively affect the liver in 10% of patients, causing hepatic crisis with abdominal pain, nausea, fever, jaundice, and transaminase elevation. Viral hepatitis is often clinically indistinguishable from hepatic crisis, but in viral hepatitis the abdominal pain is usually less, the jaundice tends to be more severe, and the transaminase elevation more prolonged. The two can be distinguished by serology and liver biopsy. Furthermore, acute cholecystitis or choledocholithiasis may have clinical and laboratory features similar to sickle cell hepatic crisis or viral hepatitis. By adulthood, 50%-70% of sickle cell patients have gallstones. Elective cholecystectomy is indicated for those who are symptomatic, but, because of operative mortality, there is disagreement concerning surgery for asymptomatic patients. The literature contains nine well-documented cases of acute hepatic failure related to sickle cell disease. The mechanism is unclear; however, as the necrosis is often not severe, a metabolic problem is suggested.
 ...
PMID:Hepatobiliary system in sickle cell disease. 351 88

Eleven patients of Chinese origin experienced spontaneous reactivation of chronic active hepatitis B. Eight HBsAg-positive patients were followed for an average of 15 months prior to, while three others presented during reactivation. Fatigue, hepatomegaly and jaundice were frequent findings. Elevation of both serum ALT (average = 1,212 units per liter) and hepatitis B virus DNA levels were noted in all patients, and reactivation lasted an average of 4.4 months. During resolution, clinical symptoms abated, serum ALT levels reverted toward normal, and in nine patients, the hepatitis B virus DNA values became undetectable. All patients lacked evidence for acute hepatitis A, Epstein-Barr Virus, cytomegalovirus or hepatitis delta virus infection. Histologic findings of liver tissue from eight patients showed piecemeal necrosis and fibrosis. Within the parenchyma, varying degrees of hepatocytolysis with cuffing, perivenular necrosis and acidophilic bodies were noted. Ground-glass cells and regenerative changes also were observed. Cirrhosis was not present in any of the liver biopsies. These findings suggest that spontaneous reactivation of hepatitis B occurs in heterosexual patients with chronic active hepatitis B and contributes to chronic inflammation and to the progression of their liver disease.
 ...
PMID:Spontaneous reactivation of hepatitis B in Chinese patients with HBsAg-positive chronic active hepatitis. 361 49

Necropsy findings of hepatobiliary system from 78 patients with end-stage renal disease maintained on hemodialysis are reported. Ninety percent of the patients exhibited some abnormalities. Multiple abnormalities often coexisted in each patient. Hepatomegaly was found in 50% of the patients and could be attributed to a discernible cause in all but two of the affected patients who had isolated hepatomegaly. Hepatic congestion was also prevalent and was complicated by fibrosis, cardiac cirrhosis, and centrilobular necrosis and hemorrhage in some patients. This was associated with chronic fluid overload, hypertension, and/or cardiovascular disease in the affected patients indicating the importance of adequate control of these factors. Mild periportal hepatic fibrosis, fatty metamorphosis, triaditis, hemosiderosis, and cystic changes were also seen with some frequency--the latter were associated with polycystic kidney disease and were complicated by massive intracystic hemorrhage and abscess formation, each in one patient. Chronic active hepatitis was found in three patients and was associated with chronic HBs antigenemia in one patient and presumed non-A, non-B infection in two. Nearly 22% of the patients showed either cholelithiasis at autopsy or before cholecystectomy due to complications. Significant negative findings included lack of acute viral hepatitis, silicone hepatosis, and recently described focal anoxic lesions associated with erythrocyte sludging. In conclusion, the present study has demonstrated the spectrum of hepatobiliary pathology in a large group of patients with end-stage renal disease maintained on hemodialysis.
 ...
PMID:Hepatobiliary pathology in hemodialysis patients: an autopsy study of 78 cases. 375 41


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>