Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019209 (hepatomegaly)
 5,798 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 1.5-year-old girl with a convulsion attack due to intracerebral granuloma in the right frontal lobe is reported. Her serum was positive with anti-human ascaris antibody, although no ova of the parasites were detected in the feces. She had grown up intimately with several cats in the home. These findings suggested that the granuloma was due to larva migrans of toxocara, which cross-reacts immunologically with human ascaris. Histological examination of the granuloma revealed no eosinophilic infiltration. No systemic reactions such as eosinophilia and hepatomegaly were found except for elevation of protein in cerebrospinal fluid. These were similar to those of ocular type of toxocara larva migrans.
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PMID:[Intracerebral granuloma with serum anti-human ascaris antibody: case report]. 343 44

The clinical features found in 14 children with toxocara ELISA titres of greater than or equal to 0.7 were compared with those found in 34 toxocara negative children. Blood eosinophils were elevated in 7 of the 14 patients and the highest eosinophilia was 14%. There was a highly significant association between hepatomegaly, cough, sleep disturbance and a raised titre (p less than 0.01). Behaviour disturbance, abdominal pain and headache were also significantly associated with a raised titre (p less than 0.05). The combination of abdominal pain, headache and cough was even more significantly associated with a high titre (p less than 0.0005) than were individual clinical features. It is suggested that in addition to the two well recognised clinical conditions of visceral larva migrans and ocular toxocariasis the clinical entity of covert toxocariasis should receive recognition. Eosinophilia may or may not be present in this condition.
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PMID:Clinical features of covert toxocariasis. 344 51

A case of toxocariasis in a 2(6)/12 years old boy is described. The visceral larva migrans syndrome usually is seen in preschool children. Clinical symptoms were characterised by eosinophilia of more than 30%, leukocytosis, hepatomegaly, pulmonary infiltrations, and hypergammaglobulinaemia. There may be myocardial, ocular or central nervous system involvement, and a few affected children have died. The disease is caused by invasion of the body tissues by Toxocara canis or cati larvae, often ingested by contaminated dirt. The developmental cycle and the migration of the Toxocara larvae in the human host is discussed. Diagnosis can usually be made by clinical and serological investigations. The microprecipitation test on living larvae of Toxocara canis is highly specific for the diagnosis. There is no effective specific therapy for toxocariasis, however, treatment with thiabendazole and diethylcarbamazine may be helpful. Primary prevention of visceral larva migrans syndrome can be achieved by reduction of the children exposure to infected animals and contaminated environments, or by elimination of infections in dogs, puppies, and cats.
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PMID:[Toxocariasis in childhood. Visceral larva migrans syndrome (author's transl)]. 706 27

Visceral larva migrans is a syndrome characteristically involving children with a history of pica, and usually presents with fever, abdominal pain, tender hepatomegaly, and hypereosinophilia. Hepatic granulomas of visceral larva migrans are rare in adults. We describe three adult patients with hepatic lesions which on histopathology demonstrated characteristic granulomas of visceral larva migrans. All patients had abdominal sonograms and two had additional MR scans of the liver. Both ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated characteristic appearances which have not been described previously (viz., ill-defined central necrotic areas surrounded by concentric thick walls and perifocal edema in the liver parenchyma).
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PMID:Hepatic granulomas due to visceral larva migrans in adults: appearance on US and MRI. 801 56

Toxocariasis is a cosmopolitan infection of dogs and cats with a roundworm resembling Ascaris. Man becomes infected by ingesting eggs from the environment. The infection occurs mainly in children. There are two distinct syndromes: visceral larva migrans and ocular toxocariasis. The author describes the case of a 70 year old Norwegian female with visceral larva migrans. One month after a visit to Spain she developed fever, hepatomegaly and marked eosinophilia. Liver biopsy revealed subacute hepatitis with eosinophilic leucocyte infiltration. Toxocara ELISA was strongly positive. Treatment with albendazol 400 mg b.i.d. and prednisone 10 mg daily for three weeks was successful. A clinical relapse after three months was treated in the same way for one month. Prolonged treatment is recommended. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of visceral larva migrans in an adult Norwegian. Epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment are discussed.
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PMID:[Visceral larva migrans. A rare cause of eosinophilia in adults]. 892 42

A 16-year-old Thai male presented with sudden onset severe epigastric and right upper quadrant pain, fever (39 degrees C), chills and malaise. He gave no history of underlying disease, migratory swelling or urticarial skin rash. He had a history of frequently eating raw pork. Physical examination revealed a soft abdomen with markedly tender hepatomegaly. His blood count showed extreme leukocytosis with hypereosinophilia. After admission he developed a non-productive cough with left sided chest pain, a chest x-ray showed a left pleural effusion. Serological findings were positive for Gnathostoma larval antigen but not Fasciola antigen. The patient recovered completely after albendazole treatment. His clinical presentation is compatible with abdominopulmonary hypereosinophilic syndrome or visceral larva gnathostomiasis. The presented case is interesting not only for physicians who work in endemic areas of gnathostomiasis but also for clinicians who work in travel medicine clinics in developed countries, to consider abdominopulmonary gnathostomiasis when patients present with the signs and symptoms of visceral larva migrans.
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PMID:Hypereosinophilia and abdominopulmonary gnathostomiasis. 1905 71

Visceral larva migrans (VLM) syndrome caused by Toxocara canis larvae was first described in the 1950s. The role of other nematode larvae, i.e. the pig roundworm Ascaris suum as a causative agent of visceral larva migrans-associated symptoms like general malaise, cough, liver dysfunction, hypereosinophilia with hepatomegaly and/or pneumonia, was discussed controversially during the last decades. Recent serological screening studies for specific A. suum antibodies carried out in the Netherlands and Sweden yielded remarkable high seroprevalences, while a number of case reports from Japan report pulmonal, hepatic and cerebral symptoms caused by A. suum larvae after ingestion of infected raw meat (liver) or contaminated vegetables. We present here a sensitive and specific larval excretory-secretory (E/S) antigen-based immunoblot (As-IB) for the serodiagnosis of A. suum-infected patients suffering from symptoms associated to the VLM syndrome. In total, 34 sera from patients with hypereosinophilia and other clinical symptoms associated to the VLM syndrome tested negative for Toxocara sp. antibodies but positive in our newly established As-IB, 30 sera from healthy volunteers, 53 sera from patients with clinically and serologically confirmed toxocarosis and other helminthoses as well as 3 sera from patients with intestinal ascariosis due to Ascaris lumbricoides were included in the study. When evaluated with 30 sera from healthy volunteers and 53 sera from patients suffering from different helminthoses, the calculated specificity of our new As-IB is 95%. Problems hampering the establishment of simple serological screening tests for specific A. suum antibodies, like extensive antigenic similarities between the nematodes Ascaris and Toxocara or the absence of suitable experimental animals, are discussed. We assume that specific serological testing for antibodies of A. suum is very important for the treatment of individual patients on one hand and seroepidemiological investigations will help to clarify routes of transmission on the other hand. Further studies will be necessary to learn more about the extent of A. suum as a causative agent of the VLM syndrome and the role of pigs and their manure as the main source of human Ascaris infections in Austria and other industrialized countries.
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PMID:Immunoblot for the detection of Ascaris suum-specific antibodies in patients with visceral larva migrans (VLM) syndrome. 2536 10