Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019209 (hepatomegaly)
 5,798 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During a 23 year period at Memorial Hospital, the diagnosis of liver cell carcinoma was made in 42 patients who were 11 to 40 years old. Ninety per cent were Caucasian, mostly born in the United states. No occupational hazard was detected. Serum hepatitis antigen was demonstrated in only one patient. Alpha fetoprotein was found in the serum of 55 per cent of nine patients tested. Eight-three per cent were Rh positive, 43 per cent were ABO groups, A or O, respectively. Twenty-three per cent of 13 patients with sufficient material for study had an associated cirrhosis. Of these, active hepatitis with cirrhosis was present in one patient; postnecrotic cirrhosis was present in another. Approximately 7 per cent had a history of previous liver disease. One patient had infectious mononucleosis, and nearly 13 per cent gave a family history of cancer. Weight loss or pain in the right upper abdominal quadrant was present in 65 per cent, and hepatomegaly was found in 88 per cent. Only one patient presented with hemoperitoneum simulating an acute condition within abdomen. The liver profile examinations characteristically revealed an elevation in serum alkaline phosphatase, 5 nucleotidase, and Bromsulphalein retention with normal bilirubin level. The most common finding, upon roentgenographic examination, was an elevated right hemidiaphragm. Selective celiac and superior mesenteric angiography and 99mTc sulfur colloid liver scans were both done in 13 patients. There was a 75 per cent accuracy rate in localization of the tumor. At laparotomy, the tumor was found to be confined to one lobe in seven patients and involved both lobes in ten. Twenty-seven patients were thought to have multicentric tumors and 15 unicentric lesions. Only ten were found to be candidates for hepatic lobectomy. Five and ten years survival rates were 20 per cent; the operative mortality rate was 40 per cent. Twenty per cent died within a year, ten per cent, one patient, is alive with disease at 28 months and another is free of disease at 31-months. Paraneoplastic syndromes were erythrocytosis in two patients, terminal stage of hypoglycemia in one patient, and hypocholesterolemia with associated excess beta globulin in one patient.
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PMID:Liver cell carcinoma during the prime of life. 17 34

An etiologic study was made of 107 cases of granulomatous hepatitis which were observed in a Department of Internal Medicine between January, 1971 and December, 1977 (excluding the hepatobiliary diseases). The most common etiology was tuberculosis (30 cases, 28 percent) followed by sarcoidosis (19 cases, 17.7 percent), Mediterranean exanthematous fever (13 cases, 12.1 percent), brucellosis (8 cases, 7.4 percent) typhoid fever (7 cases, 6.5 percent) and the idiopathic forms (8 cases, 7.4 percent). A lower rate of incidence was among Hodgkin's disease, toxoplasmosis, adenocarcinomas, leprosy, and those of unknown etiology, classified in this way because the study and follow-up of the patients could not be completed. There were, moreover, individual cases caused by mononucleosis, BCG reaction, hypogammaglobulinemia, celiac disease, and temporal arteritis. From a clinical point of view 50 percent of the patients had hepatomegaly and moderate disturbance of the liver enzymes. The most important enzymatic increases were detected in the cases caused by brucellosis; in the cases which were secondary to sarcoidosis the liver enzymes were normal. A comparison is established between the etiologic incidence of the present series and of others published in the literature. The causes and diagnostic problems of this type of lesion are discussed.
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PMID:[Granulomatous hepatitis. Etiologic study of 107 cases (author's transl)]. 45 94

In this series, the commonest aetiology was tuberculosis (30 cases, 28%), followed by sarcoidosis (18 cases, 17,7%), mediterranean fever (Olmer's disease) (13 cases, 12,1%), brucellosis (8 cases, 7,4%), typhoid fever (7 cases, 6,6%) and idiopathic forms (8 cases, 7,4%). These were followed by Hodgkin's disease, toxoplasmosis, adenosarcoma, and leprosy. Finally, there were single cases due to infectious mononucleosis, B.C.G. reaction, hypogammaglobulinaemia, coeliac disease and temporal arteritis. Half of the patients had hepatomegaly and an increase, in general moderate, in hepatic enzymes (transaminases, alkaline phosphatase). The highest enzyme levels were seen in cases of brucellosis, hepatic enzymes being normal in patients with sarcoidosis.
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PMID:[Granulomatous hepatitis: aetiological study of 107 cases (author's transl)]. 73 1

The hepatic manifestations were studied in 65 patients having uncomplicated primary attacks of vivax and falciparum malaria. Hepatomegaly due to a "non-specific reactive hepatitis" occurred in 57% of cases. Jaundice occurred in 15% of patients and was invariably associated with hepatomegaly. The clinical syndromes of jaundice and hepatomegaly in uncomplicated primary attacks of malaria have to be distinguished from those related to disorders like viral hepatitis, hepatic amoebiasis, typhoid hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis and Q fever. The causes for the jaundice and the pathogenesis for the hepatic lesions have been discussed.
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PMID:Jaundice and hepatomegaly in primary malaria. 79 14

Perorally administered acyclovir was evaluated in the therapy of acute infectious mononucleosis in a multicentered, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 120 patients received 600 mg of acyclovir or placebo five times daily for 10 days. All patients were entered into the study within 7 days of symptom onset and had a positive Monospot test. Analysis of mean values and time to resolution of fever, lymphadenopathy, weight change, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, liver function tests, atypical lymphocytes, hours of bed rest, sense of well-being, and return to normal activities revealed no significant differences. There was a trend toward suppression of Epstein-Barr virus excretion in the oropharynx in acyclovir recipients. No toxicity was detected in patients treated with acyclovir. Under the conditions of the study, there was no evidence that treatment with perorally administered acyclovir affected the course of infectious mononucleosis.
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PMID:Lack of effect of peroral acyclovir for the treatment of acute infectious mononucleosis. 165 64

Sixteen cases of mononucleosis due to cytomegalovirus, are presented. The selection of patients was based on clinical criteria. Symptoms are compared with another series of patients affected with mononucleosis by Epstein-Barr virus. We have not found differences comparing the fever, cervical adenopathies and faringoamigdalitis. Differences were significant in hepatomegaly. We conclude that the clinical picture of cytomegalovirus mononucleosis is very similar to those of the Epstein-Barr mononucleosis.
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PMID:[Mononucleosis caused by cytomegalovirus]. 215 61

Infectious mononucleosis as a manifestation of primary Epstein-Barr virus infection occurs uncommonly in adults over age 40. While fever is almost universal, older patients with the disease often present without lymphadenopathy, pharyngitis, splenomegaly, lymphocytosis or atypical lymphocytes. Jaundice and hepatomegaly occur more commonly in older patients than in adolescents and create diagnostic confusion. Often, infectious mononucleosis in this age group is confused with lymphoma, leukemia or biliary obstruction, or is classified as "fever of unknown origin."
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PMID:Infectious mononucleosis in older adults. 224 52

Very few case reports evaluate clinical and laboratory parameters of acute HIV infection. This paper describes seven such cases, four being mononucleosis like disease and one lymphocytic meningitis. Clinical manifestations were fever (7/7), lymphadenopathy (7/7), enlarged liver size (7/7) pharyngitis (6/7), malaise (4/7) and anorexia (4/7). Inversion of the normal T4/T8 ratio was present in 3/5 patients, all with normal absolute values for T4 cells. Moderate transaminase increases were found in 5/6; 5/7 had atypical lymphocytes in blood smear and 5/5 had abnormal mucoprotein levels. All patients had a total remission of clinical symptoms within two weeks. However, the abnormal lymph nodes and the enlarged liver persisted. Follow-up for ten months showed 4/7 patients with all abnormalities resolved and 3/7 still with persistent enlarged lymph nodes.
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PMID:[Acute infection associated with HIV: clinical and laboratory picture]. 248 21

A case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with mononucleosis-like hepatic injury was described. An emergent cesarean section was performed in a 25 yr-old house wife at 34 weeks gestation, followed by administration of several antibiotics. After the surgery she complained of high fever, hepatomegaly and dull right hypochondralgia, and mild liver dysfunction was also found. The liver biopsy showed prominent mononuclear cell infiltration in the sinusoids with minimum hepatocellular necrosis and mild triaditis, resembling hepatic lesion in infectious mononucleosis (mononucleosis-like injury). There were no clinical and serological features suggestive of infectious mononucleosis. This hepatic lesion was thought to be a manifestation of allergic reaction to drugs to which the lymphocyte stimulation test was found to be positive. Immunological abnormalities inherent in SLE might be related to occurrence of such allergic drug reaction.
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PMID:Drug-induced mononucleosis-like hepatic injury in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. 270 54

The authors report 16 cases of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in previously healthy adults. Constant features included pyrexia lasting 3 to 8 weeks and mononucleosis occurring 2-3 weeks after the onset of fever. Moderate hepatomegaly without jaundice, splenomegaly and morbilliform or petechial rush were observed in 30 to 50 p. 100 of cases. None had pharyngitis. Mild increase in serum transaminase activity (2 to 5 N) was present in 13 of the 16 patients, but increased alkaline phosphatase activity was observed in only 3 of them. Liver biopsy was obtained in 10 patients. Liver lesions were characterised by the association of intra lobular granuloma, abundant mononuclear cells in the sinusoids and hepatic peri-venous inflammation but hepatocellular necrosis was not prominent. Typical intracellular inclusions were not seen, either in hepatocytes or in cells of biliary ducts. The diagnosis was ascertained by positive viremia and or viruria and presence of IgM antibodies. The outcome was favourable although clinical and biological signs lasted for about 8 weeks. The authors conclude that adults with chronic pyrexia, no pharyngitis and sub-clinical hepatitis with mild increases in transaminase activity and histologic mononucleosis hepatitis showing mononuclear infiltrates and granuloma formation are likely to have CMV disease.
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PMID:[Granulomatous hepatitis in cytomegalovirus infection in healthy adults]. 282 62


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