Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The efficacy of concentrated CDDP-Lipiodol Emulsion was experimentally and clinically studied in the treatment of nonresectable hepatoma. The commercially available CDDP was ten-fold concentrated into water in oil form. The agent was administered via hepatic artery in 26 patients with nonresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. In vitro and clinical studies strongly suggested a gradual release of the CDDP into the surrounding tissue. In 9 out of 26 patients (34.6%), tumor regression was found. Side effects were minimum; mild nausea and vomiting were observed in only 13 patients. On the basis of our preliminary study, concentrated CDDP-Lipiodol emulsion promises to be a useful agent for the treatment of nonresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:[Efficacy of concentrated CDDP-lipiodol emulsion for hepatic arterial infusion therapy in patients with nonresectable hepatoma]. 216 45

The property of selective deposition of oily contrast medium, Lipiodol (LPD), in tumor tissue was utilized for targetting intraarterial infusion chemotherapy for hepatic cancers. For this therapy anti-cancer agents need to be suspended in LPD. In this report the new suspension device using ultrasonificator attached with Cuphorn was studied. Doxorubicin (Dx) was stable to ultrasonification for 1 hour. Ten mg/ml of Dx was mixed with LPD and this mixture was treated 2 times for 5 minutes with the ultrasonification method. This procedure was simple and sterile, as the commercially used Dx vials into which LPD was injected were set in the Cuphorn and ultrasonificated just as sealed. Microscopic examination of the suspension showed uniform dispersion of Dx particles without formation of aggregates. Dx particles were finely and regularly fragmented. In vitro the suspensions showed a gradual release of Dx from LPD to water phase. In one case with hepatocellular carcinoma received intraarterial infusion of this suspension, the size of the tumor and serum level of alpha-fetoprotein was prominently decreased. This ultrasonification method was simple and convenient to prepare Dx-in-oil suspension.
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PMID:[A new method of preparation of doxorubicin-in-oil suspension using ultrasonificator attached with Cuphorn]. 217 76

Continuous administration of indomethacin (IM) in drinking water (20 micrograms/ml) causes moderate inhibition of the growth of transplantable tumors in control mice but significantly increases the antitumor effect of BCG vaccine inoculated in combination with transplanted tumor cells. Hepatoma 29, insensitive to the vaccine becomes highly sensitivity to it under IM administration.
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PMID:[Effects of indomethacin and BCG vaccine on growth of transplanted tumors in mice]. 226 80

The effects of hepatocarcinogens (ethionine, thioacetamide, phenobarbital), non-hepatocarcinogens [N-ethyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (EHBN), N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)] and a hepatoinhibitor [(butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)] were compared in medium- and long-term in vivo systems. In experiment I, 2 weeks after a single injection of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) groups of male F344 rats received chemical administration for 6 weeks, combined with partial hepatectomy at week 3 and were killed at the end of week 8. In experiment II, animals were treated in the same manner and then given basal diet and tap water (group 1) or chemical continuously (group 2) until the 2 year timepoint. Numbers and areas of glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P)-positive foci developing in the liver under medium-term bioassay conditions (experiment I) were found to closely correlate with eventual hepatocellular carcinoma incidences after continuation of test chemical administration (experiment II). Thus all of the hepatocarcinogens enhanced both the induction of GST-P-positive focal lesions and liver tumors. While non-hepatocarcinogens exerted no such effects, their influence being limited to inducing lesions in their own respective target organs such as urinary bladder cancers in the EHBN case and glandular stomach adenocarcinomas with MNNG, BHA demonstrated inhibition potential in both experiments. The observed correlation between long- and medium-term results strongly indicates the applicability of our medium-term bioassay system for detection of liver carcinogens.
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PMID:Correlation between medium-term liver bioassay system data and results of long-term testing in rats. 232 97

The antitumor and immunoadjuvant action of water-soluble N-vinylpyrrolidone co(ter)polymers of different chemical structure is studied. It is established that terpolymer N-vinyl-pyrrolidone (VP)--crotonic acid (CA)--n-crotonoylaminophenol inhibiting the growth of hepatoma 22a by 50-60% possesses an antitumoral action, while copolymer VP-CA has an immunoadjuvant action. These properties of co(ter)polymers are due to their chemical structure and molecular weight, but they do not always correlate between themselves.
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PMID:[Antineoplastic and immunostimulating effects of several N-vinylpyrrolidone co(ter)polymers in C3HA strain mice with hepatoma 22a]. 234 26

The effects of heating on the morphology and cell cycle of ascites hepatoma AH-100B cells were investigated. Five rats with AH-100B ascites cells were warmed in a water bath at 39 degrees C, 41 degrees C, or 43 degrees C, respectively. After heating, changes in the morphology of tumor cells were observed every day over a 3-day period under a light microscope and changes in the nuclear DNA content were measured by microspectrophotometry. Morphologic changes in AH-100B cells, which included swelling and vacuolization of the cytoplasm and constriction, vacuolization and destruction of nuclei, were observed. Multinucleated giant cells were characteristically observed in the cells from rats heated to 43 degrees C. In the case of rats heated to 43 degrees C, an increase was seen in the number of cells with a DNA content of 8C to 10C, and some of the cells exhibited polyploidy with a DNA content greater than 10C. It appears that one of the mechanisms of the antitumor effect of hyperthermia in vivo involves changes in the cell cycle of cancer cells and the accumulation of polyploid cells.
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PMID:Effects of thermotherapy on the morphology and cell cycle of a transplanted ascites hepatoma in rats. 235 43

To elucidate the role of oncogene expression in hepatocarcinogenesis, we examined the expression of 4 cellular oncogenes (c-myc, c-fos, Ha-ras and c-erbA) in liver tissues induced by chemical agents. Four groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were examined in the present study. Rats of the first and second groups were given a single intraperitoneal injection of diethylnitrosamine (DEN), 200 mg/kg body weight. Two weeks later, these rats were divided into two groups; the DEN-C group received no further medication, whereas the DEN-DES group was given diethylstilbestrol (DES), 0.5 mg/day, for 12 months. The DEN group was given DEN, 100 ppm, in drinking water for five months as the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) group. The DES group was given DES, 0.5 mg/day, from the start for 8 months. Rats of the DEN-DES and DEN groups developed grossly visible hepatic tumors. Significantly higher levels of c-myc gene expression were observed in tissues of HCC of the DEN group and in neoplastic nodules of the DEN-DES groups than in the DES and DEN-C group. The increase of c-myc mRNA seemed to begin after 1 month of treatment and became significant at 4 months in the DEN-DES group. On the other hand, no significant differences in mRNA levels of c-fos, Ha-ras and c-erbA were observed among these four groups. Although the significance of increased c-myc gene expression in neoplastic liver is still not known, it is conceivable that the persistent elevation of c-myc gene expression in the DEN and DEN-DES groups might contribute to the development of rat chemical hepatotumorigenesis.
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PMID:Expression of oncogenes during rat chemical hepatotumorigenesis promoted by estrogen. 251 Nov 80

Since 1983, transcatheter oily chemoembolization (TOCE) with doxorubicin hydrochloride, iodized oil, and gelatin sponge was used in 100 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Doxorubicin, 40-100 mg (mean, 61.3 mg), was mixed with 5-20 mL (mean, 9.6 mL) of an iodized oil to prepare a water-in-oil emulsion that was then infused into the hepatic artery. Both progressive changes in blood concentrations of doxorubicin and its tissue concentrations in patients who underwent hepatectomy demonstrated that the drug was released slowly from the emulsion. The cumulative survival rate was 82.0% for 6 months, 53.8% for 1 year, 33.3% for 2 years, and 17.6% for 3 years. These survival rates were better than those of 104 patients who underwent embolization with gelatin sponge, then received an anticancer drug (67.4% for 6 months, 45.2% for 1 year, 16.3% for 2 years, and 3.8% for 3 years).
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PMID:Transcatheter oily chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma. 253 46

Characteristics and advantages of MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) in the diagnosis of cancer are represented using hepatic diseases as examples. MRI can detect as small as 10 mm lesion of hepatic tumor (less than 5 mm in favorite conditions) despite far longer acquisition time compared with CT. Although the prolongation of T1 (longitudinal relaxation time) and T2 (transverse relaxation time) is generally noted in cancer, the liver is the sole organ where in vivo measurement of T2 makes it possible to differentiate primary malignant tumor (hepatocellular carcinoma) from the most common benign tumor (cavernous hemangioma). Gd-DTPA, the clinically used contrast material on MRI, is as useful as iodine contrast material on dynamic CT for differentiation among hepatic tumors, and is safely administered in larger dose. Proton spectroscopic imaging can distinguish the signals of proton from water and fat, and can detect the presence of fat more specifically. Intravoxel incoherent motion imaging is a new technique to demonstrate diffusion (Brownish movement) and perfusion (blood flow in capillary) in the voxel as image, and has possibility to reveal the vascularity of tumor without contrast material. MRS (magnetic resonance spectroscopy) has been obtainable in vivo under the guidance of proton MRI. The pattern of 31P-MRS is essentially nonspecific but phosphorous compounds rapidly change in proportion after effective treatment against cancer. Therefore, 31P-MRS is useful in the early and noninvasive evaluation of anticancer treatment. Finally the so-called Fossel effect (widths of methyl and methylene of lipoprotein on 1H-MRS of plasma becomes narrow in patients with cancer) and critical paper against Fossel are discussed.
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PMID:[MRI and MRS in the diagnosis of cancer]. 253 87

Histochemical markers are important for the early detection of chemically initiated neoplasia in experimental animal studies. The marker, iron resistance, was evaluated in the Shasta strain of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Twenty-one-day-old trout embryos were exposed to 100 ppm aqueous N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) for 30 min in a static water bath. Fish were fed a semipurified diet, and sampled monthly from the 4th to the 9th month. Two days before sampling, fish were iron-loaded with a single ip dose of 0.30 mg iron dextran/100 g body weight. Livers and kidneys were conventionally processed to paraffin sections for iron, or hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Normal hepatocytes accumulated iron in pericanalicular locations, but in hepatocytes from carcinogen-altered foci and tumors, iron staining was clearly reduced or absent. Normal renal tubule cells exhibited slight to moderate iron staining, while those from nephroblastoma were iron resistant. These results establish iron resistance as a property of preneoplastic and neoplastic trout hepatocytes and nephroblastoma cells for the first time. Iron resistance may offer a practical histochemical marker in experimental fish models of hepatocellular carcinoma and nephroblastoma.
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PMID:Iron resistance of hepatic lesions and nephroblastoma in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) exposed to MNNG. 255 78


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