Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Isolated plasma membrane fractions from rat liver and Morris hepatoma 5123D and 7777 were labelled with radioiodine 125I by a chemical or enzymatic procedure and then were solubilized in 2 per cent solution of sodium dodecyl sulphate containing 1 per cent 2-mercaptoethanol. Solubilized proteins were separated into 20--22 zones staining with Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 after disc gel electrophoresis (7.5 per cent polyacrylamide gel). The high similarity of electrophoretic patterns of polypeptide components of all three preparations of cellular membranes was found in distinction to apparent differnces in the amount and disposition of substances stained with Schiff's reagent. Some tentative conclusions were drawn on the disposition of proteins within membrane structure studied by the method of labelling by chemical and enzymatic procedures (distinguishing between extrinsic and integral proteins).
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PMID:Comparison of protein components of the plasma membrane fraction from rat liver and Morris hepatomas 5123D and 7777. 18 68

Mallory bodies (MBs) were isolated from the livers of 8 alcoholic patients and a malignant hepatoma occurring in a non-alcoholic patient. MBs were isolated in large quantity and high purity. The isolates were devoid of liver cell organelles except in the case of malignant hepatoma where dense and membranous material resembling nuclear substances and endoplasmic reticulum were found. The "nuclear" material had continuity with MBs. Electron microscopic examination suggested the presence of a dense body and very fine filaments within in situ and isolated MBs in addition to the tubular structure of so-called MB fibers. Amino acid analysis indicated that the major component of MBs is a protein which does not contain unusual amino acids or any particular amino acid in a large quantity to characterize this protein. The isolated fractions were solubilized in 6 M guaindine hydrochloride by sonication or in 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) with 2 mercaptoethanol and 8 M urea. The solubilized MB protein produced 3 peaks by Sephadex G 100 chromatography and at least five intense protein bands by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Serum sample and the fractions from control livers contained several protein bands which were similar to the major components of isolated MB protein. These morphological and biochemical findings suggest that MBs are not homogeneous protein, but they are probably complexes of various proteins and that some components of MBs are present in normal hepatocytes.
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PMID:A study on Mallory bodies. Isolation, ultrastructure and preliminary biochemical characterization of Mallory bodies from livers of alcoholic cirrhosis and malignant hepatoma. 18 65

The nonhistone chromatin protein, C-14, was extracted from chromatin of Novikoff hepatoma ascites cells and isolated in high purity as shown by its migration as a single dense spot on two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels. Its mobility on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels is consistent with a molecular weight of approximately 70 000. The amino acid composition shows that protein C-14 has an acidic:basic amino acid ratio of 1.8. Its amino terminal amino acid is lysine. Protein C-14 stimulated the incorporation of [3H]UMP into RNA by approximately 30% when added to naked DNA and homologous RNA polymerase I. A 30% stimulation of [3H]UMP incorporation into RNA was also found when protein C-14 was added to an E. coli RNA polymerase system containing either E. coli or Novikoff hepatoma DNA.
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PMID:Isolation and characterization of nonhistone chromosomal protein C-14 which stimulates RNA synthesis. 19 58

The binding of Line 10 hepatoma cells to normal syngeneic guinea pig macrophages is increased when the tumor cells are treated with neuraminidase and galactose oxidase (NAGO) before they are added to the macrophage monolayers. The effect is abolished by exposure of the NAGO-treated tumor cells to sodium borohydride. Line 1 hepatoma cells treated with NAGO or with sodium periodate are killed to a greater extent than untreated tumor cells. This effect can also be reversed by sodium borohydride. Further, periodate-treated macrophages become cytotoxic for unmodified tumor cells. These results demonstrate that increased tumor cell killing occurs when artificial contacts (presumably via Schiff bases) are established between normal macrophages and tumor cells. They are consistent with the hypothesis that close cell to cell contact is necessary for macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity.
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PMID:Increased binding and killing of neuraminidase-galactose oxidase-treated tumor cells by normal macrophages. 19 81

Total nuclear RNA was isolated under conditions of actinomycin D blocking ion-exchange chromatography on kieselguhr columns with methylated albumin detected differences in transpiration of rat liver nuclear RNA with intensive normal and malignant growth. Actinomycin D in doses blocking the appearance of peculiar proteins in the blood serum of rats with the regenerating liver and RS-1 hepatoma produces a different effect on the biosynthesis of nuclear DNA-like RNA of the rat liver. 24h after a partial hepatectomy the antibiotic inhibits considerably the biosynthesis of nuclear DNA-like RNA which is eluated during chromatographying with 0.2% solution of sodium dodecyl sulphate at 70 degrees C. With RS-1 hepatoma the actinomycin D effect is most pronounced with respect to nuclear DNA-like RNA of rats with a tumour which is washed off from the column with a 0.2% solution of sodium dodecyl sulphate at 37 degrees C.
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PMID:[Differences in transcription of nuclear RNA from rat liver with normal and malignant growth]. 19 75

Cytoplasmic RNA of the rat regenerating liver and liver of rats with hepatoma PC-1 is separated into five fractions on the column of kieselgur with methylated albumin (MAK). Studies in the nucleotide composition showed that certain fractions of cytoplasm RNA are ribosomal and messenger RNA. The highest amount of radioactive precursor is incorporated into messenger RNA of the rat regenerating liver and liver of the rats with hepatoma PC-1 which is eluated from the column by 0.2% solution of sodium dodecyl sulphate at 37 degrees C (third fraction). Actinomycin D in doses inhibiting appearance of characteristic proteins in the blood serum of rats with the regenerating liver and heaptoma PC-1 blocks almost completely biosynthesis of ribosomal RNA eluated from the MAK column in the gradient of sodium chloride (second fraction), and that of messenger RNA, eluated by sodium dodecyl-sulphate at 37 degrees C (third fraction).
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PMID:[Study of cytoplasmic RNA in tissues of the rat, regenerating liver and in liver of rats with hepatoma PC-1]. 20 Oct 68

The carcinogenicity of sodium nitrite and methylguanidine singly and together were examined in rats. A hepatocellular carcinoma, a hemangiosarcoma and a spindle cell sarcoma were found in 3 of 15 rats fed continuously on pellet diet containing 0.16% sodium nitrite and 0.16% methylguanidine. Hemangiomas and bile duct adenomas of the liver were also found in 6 and 8, respectively, of the 15 rats in this group. Hemangiomas and bile ducts adenomas of the liver were found in 2 and 3, respectively, of the 4 rats fed on pellet diet containing 0.16% sodium nitrite. Only 1 of 5 rats fed on pellet diet containing 0.16% methylguanidine developed a hemangioma. No tumor was found in the control group. All the tumors were found in rats that survived for over 12 months. No significant changes were detected in the esophagus or stomach.
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PMID:Induction of liver tumors in rats by sodium nitrite and methylguanidine. 20 1

Glycoproteins were demonstrated in the 0.6 M NaCl extract of chromatin of normal liver and Novikoff hepatoma cells by periodic acid-Schiff staining of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. In chromatin extracts of Novikoff hepatoma cells, six major periodic acid-Schiff-positive bands coincident with Coomassie Blue-stained protein bands were found with molecular weights of 30,000, 54,000, 64,000, 75,000, 104,000, and 127,000. A corresponding extract from normal rat liver chromatin revealed the presence of four major periodic acid-Schiff-positive bands that migrated with protein bands at molecular weights of 16,000, 30,000, 54,000, and 75,000. The glycoproteins of these extracts contained either mannose or alpha-D-glucose, fucose, and N-acetylglucosamine as shown by the specificity of lectins in affinoelectrophoresis. One of the glycoproteins detected by affinoelectrophoresis was very basic.
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PMID:Chromatin-associated glycoproteins of normal rat liver and Novikoff hepatoma ascites cells. 20 44

Total polysomal poly(A)+ RNA of Novikoff hepatoma and of 18-hr regenerating rat liver were compared by analysis of their in vitro translational products on two-dimensional isofocusing/sodium dodecyl sulfate gels. This technique resolved the translated proteins sufficiently to permit detection of quantitative and some qualitative differences between the two mRNA populations. Excess cDNA from regenerating liver or Novikoff hepatoma, covalently linked to cellulose, was used to adsorb the complementary mRNA sequences from Novikoff hepatoma or regenerating liver. As shown by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, the translated products of the bound mRNA fractions contained proteins common to both tissues. Novikoff hepatoma mRNA which did not bind to regenerating liver cDNA was enriched in sequences encoding for proteins 11/5.1, 15/6.8, 40/8.2, and 65/5.1 (shown as molecular weight/pI). These polypeptides were not detectable in the translational products of regenerating liver mRNA. Regenerating liver mRNA that was not bound to Novikoff hepatoma cDNA was enriched in sequences coding for proteins 12.5/4.9, 13.5/7.4, 17/8.2, 24/5.5, and 46/6.4; these proteins were not found in the translational pattern from Novikoff hepatoma. These results show that adsorption of mRNA to solid-phase cDNA provides a valuable technique for differentiating mRNA species in related tissues and for corresponding enrichment of these specific mRNAs.
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PMID:Enrichment of special Novikoff hepatoma and regenerating liver mRNA by hybridization to cDNA-cellulose. 20 68

Mitochondria were isolated from a slow-growing (9618A) and two intermediate-to-fast-growing (5123C, 5123tc) Morris hepatomas and host livers. The mitochondrial proteins were solubilized and fractionated on sodium dodecyl sulfate:polyacrylamide slab gels. One Coomassie blue-stained band was absent or reduced in amount in all tumors relative to host livers. In addition, a major mitochondrial enzyme present in normal liver, carbamyl phosphate synthetase, was missing or greatly reduced in the slow-growing, highly differentiated hepatoma 9618A, a tumor that is considered to be similar to normal liver in many biochemical and morphological respects. Incubation of mitochondria with [35S]methionine and a suitable amino acid incorporation system resulted in labeling of specific mitochondrial proteins. Autoradiography of the slab gels disclosed four prominently labeled fractions and a number of minor fractions. Preparations from hepatoma 5123tc demonstrated two labeled bands that were absent or greatly reduced in host liver. Host liver preparations displayed a minor band that was absent or greatly reduced in hepatoma 5123C. However, no single change in labeling pattern was common to all three tumors, suggesting the absence of a causal relationship between carcinogenesis and mutations in mitochondrial DNA.
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PMID:Differences in total mitochondrial proteins and proteins synthesized by mitochondria from rat liver and Morris hepatomas 9618A, 5123C, and 5123tc. 20 52


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