Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Liver cancer, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is an aggressive disease with an extremely high mortality rate. Unfortunately, no promising markers are currently available for the early diagnosis of this disease. Thus, a reliable biomarker reflecting the early behaviour of the tumour will be valuable for diagnosis and treatment. The Ras homologous (Rho) GTPases, which belong to the small guanosine triphosphate (GTP) binding proteins, have been reported to play an important role in mediating liver cancer based on their important function in cytoskeletal reorganisation. These proteins can be either oncogenic or tumour suppressors. They are also associated with the acquirement of malignant features by cancer cells. The overexpression of RhoA and Rac1, members of the Rho GTPases, have been linked with carcinogenesis and the progression of different types of cancer. In the quest of elucidating the role of mechanical stimulation in the mechanobiology of liver cancer cells, this paper evaluates the effect of stretching on the expression levels of RhoA and Rac1 in different types of liver cancers. It is shown that that stretching liver cancer cells significantly increases the expression levels of RhoA and Rac1 in HCC and cholangiocarcinoma cell lines. We hypothesise that this relatively simple and sensitive method could be helpful for screening biological features and provide suitable treatment guidance for liver cancer patients.
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PMID:RhoA and Rac1 in Liver Cancer Cells: Induction of Overexpression Using Mechanical Stimulation. 3273 93

Human stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) is a glycoprotein known to participate in inflammation and tumor progression. However, its role in cancer-macrophage interaction at the tumor environment is not known. In this study, the co-culture of the human metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (MHCC97L) stably transfected with a control vector (MHCC97L/P), or STC1-overexpressing vector (MHCC97L/S1) with human leukemia monocytic cell line (THP-1) was conducted. We reported that MHCC97L/S1 suppressed the migratory activity of THP-1. Real-time PCR analysis revealed the downregulation of the pro-migratory factors, monocyte-chemoattractant protein receptors, CCR2 and CCR4, and macrophage-migratory cytokine receptor, CSF-1R. Transcriptomic analysis of the THP-1 cells co-cultured with either MHCC97L/P or MHCC97L/S1, detected 1784 differentially expressed genes. The Ingenuity Canonical Pathway analysis predicted that RhoA signaling was associated with the inhibition of the cell migration. Western blot analysis revealed a significant reduction of Ser19-phosphorylation on MLC2, a Rho-A downstream target, in the THP-1 cells. Xenograft tumors derived from MHCC97/S1 in mice showed a remarkable decrease in infiltrating macrophages. Collectively, this is the first report to demonstrate the inhibitory effect of STC1-overexpressing cancer cells on macrophage migration/infiltration. Our data support further investigations on the relationship between tumor STC1 level and macrophage infiltration.
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PMID:Effects of stanniocalcin-1 overexpressing hepatocellular carcinoma cells on macrophage migration. 3315 61


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