Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The case reported here was a 80-year-old male who was presented with a diffuse type of hepatocellular carcinoma accompanied by thrombosis of the main trunk of the portal vein. The primary focus and portal vein thrombosis improved considerably following repeated transcatheter arterial chemoembolization using DSM (DSM-TACE). DSM-TACE was suggested to have the potential for becoming a new treatment method for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, for which conventional transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) using Lipiodol and so forth is contraindicated tue to thrombosis of the main trunk of the portal vein.
 ...
PMID:[A case of diffuse invasive hepatocellular carcinoma associated with thrombosis of the main trunk of the portal vein in which hepatic transcatheter arterial chemoembolization concomitant to the use of degradable starch microspheres (DSM-TACE) was very effective]. 1721 14

EASL/AASLD guidelines clearly define indications for liver surgery for HCC: patients with single HCC and completely preserved liver function without portal hypertension. These guidelines exclude from operation many patients that could benefit from radical resection and that are daily scheduled for hepatectomy in surgical centers. Patients with large tumors or with portal vein thrombosis cannot be transplanted or treated by interstitial treatments. In selected cases liver resection may obtain good long-term outcomes, significantly better than non-curative therapies. In cases of multinodular HCC, liver transplantation is the treatment of choice within Milan criteria; patients beyond these limits can benefit from liver resection, especially if only two nodules are diagnosed: even if they have a worse prognosis, survival results after liver surgery are better than those reported after TACE or conservative treatments. EASL/AASLD guidelines excluded from operating patients with portal hypertension but data about this topic are not conclusive and further studies are necessary. Selected patients with mild portal hypertension could probably be scheduled for liver resection and, considering the shortage of donors, listing for transplantation could be avoided. In conclusion, guidelines for HCC treatment should consider good results of liver resection for advanced HCC, and indications for hepatectomy should be expanded in order not to exclude from radical therapy patients that could benefit from it.
 ...
PMID:Liver resection for HCC with cirrhosis: surgical perspectives out of EASL/AASLD guidelines. 1768 43

With the current practice of surveillance programs in high-risk patients, early stage hepatocellular carcinoma HCC is commonly diagnosed. This poses great challenge to clinicians, in terms of prognostic estimation, patient stratification to various treatment modalities and patient management during long-term follow-up. This review focuses on the current trends in the management of HCC, with special attention to tumor staging, treatment algorithm, and outcome of various treatment modalities. According to the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases AASLD practice guideline, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer BCLC staging system has fulfilled the criteria that HCC patients can be stratified into different prognostic subgroups, to which optimal treatments can be offered. Under this management scheme, curative treatments hepatic resection, liver transplantation, and percutaneous ablation would be reserved to the subgroup of patients with relatively good prognosis. For patients with advanced malignancy localized to the liver, local ablation or transarterial chemoembolization TACE may offer effective symptomatic palliation, and prolongation of patients' survival. For patients with distant metastases, no effective therapy can be offered, and symptomatic palliative care is the best option. Until now, favorable survival outcomes have been reported following hepatic resection, liver transplantation, and local ablation for HCC. Although the therapeutic effect of TACE is less pronounced than curative treatments, randomized controlled studies have proven its survival benefit for HCC patients. A comprehensive treatment algorithm involving these treatment modalities is mandatory to ensure optimal care of patients with HCC.
 ...
PMID:Current treatment strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma. 1776 55

Percutaneous chemical ablation is an established image-guided therapy for liver cancer that is relatively simple to perform and requires no specialized equipment. Chemical ablation has been used extensively for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and has achieved outcomes comparable to surgical resection for small, solitary HCC. More recent experience with chemical ablation has combined it with TACE or thermal ablation as part of a multimodality approach to liver cancer.
 ...
PMID:Chemical ablation of liver cancer. 1798 Mar 19

In the last two decades image-guided interventional catheterizations and percutaneous ablative regional treatment procedures have revolutionized the therapy of nonresectable primary and secondary liver tumours. A distinction is made between chemoablative procedures and thermo- and radioablative procedures. The main chemoablative interventions are transarterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC; hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy) and transarterial (chemo-)embolization (TACE/TAE). The object of the transarterial treatment procedures is to deliver the highest possible concentration of a chemotherapy agent or combination of chemotherapy agents directly into the tumour by way of the blood vessels supplying it, while at the same time keeping the systemic effects of the drugs as small as possible. Transarterial chemoperfusion to the liver can be applied in the treatment of all primary and secondary hepatic tumours, but the main indications are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and metastases from colorectal primary tumours.
 ...
PMID:[Update on chemoinfusion and chemoembolization treatments]. 1799

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the size responses and vascular responses to three different sizes of Embosphere (EMBS) embolization particles used for chemo-embolization in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Forty-seven patients with biopsy proven HCC treated with TACE using EMBS (Biosphere Medical, Rockland, MA, USA) were included in this study. EMBS are non-resorbable tris-acryl gelatin defined-size microspheres. Sixteen patients were treated with 40-120 micron (40-microm), 13 patients with 100-300 (100-microm), and 18 patients with 300-500 (300-microm) EMBS particles. We measured the two-dimensional area and vascularity of the tumor index lesion on initial and subsequent CTs after treatment. Lesions were classified into four grades based on the degree of vascularity measured in 25% increments. Size of tumor after one treatment decreased by an average (avg) of 18% for 40-120-microm particles, 38% for 100-300-microm particles, and 17% for 300-500-microm particles. After three treatments, size decreased by an avg of 46% for 40-120-microm particles, 76% for 100-300-microm particles, and 46% for 300-500-microm particles. Vascularity decrease was also measured after the first and third treatments, and defined as a decrease of one or more grades in tumor vascularity. Results were as follows (% of patients with decrease). For 40-120-microm particles: 1 and 3 treatments, 53% and 88% of patients. For 100-300-microm particles: 1 and 3 treatments, 60% and 88% of patients. For 300-500-microm particles: 1 and 3 treatments, 50% and 57% of patients. It was concluded the 100-300-microm EMBS particles produce slightly higher responses.
 ...
PMID:Chemo-embolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma with different sizes of embolization particles. 1804 45

A 70-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with obstructive jaundice. We performed a laparotomy. The intraductal tumor was removed with the extrahepatic bile ducts. A histological examination of the tumor showed an icteric type hepatocellular carcinoma. The recurrent tumor was detected as intrajejunal tumor thrombi by a CT scan. No lesions were detected in the liver by a CT scan, ultrasonography, and angiography. We performed the second laparotomy. The tumor thrombi in jejunal limb were removed. At 2 months after the operation, an intrahepatic lesion and tumor thrombi were detected. TACE were performed two times and the response was CR. At 16 months after the operation, no recurrence has been seen in this patient.
 ...
PMID:[An icteric type hepatocellular carcinoma with no detectable tumor in the liver but with an intrabile duct recurrent tumor]. 1821 11

FaO rat hepatoma cells show increased levels of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands, when compared with adult normal hepatocytes, and higher activity of the TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM17), which is required for EGFR ligand proteolysis and activation. In this work we have analysed the consequences of inhibiting the EGFR in FaO rat hepatoma cells, focusing the attention on autocrine growth and protection from apoptosis. Results have indicated that FaO cells show overactivation of the EGFR pathway, which induces basal growth (in the absence of serum) and protection from pro-apoptotic agents, such as doxorubicin, generating drug resistance. Treatment of cells with the combination of doxorubicin and the tyrphostin 4-(3-chloroanilino)-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline (AG1478, a potent and specific inhibitor of EGFR tyrosine kinase) potently inhibits autocrine growth and induces apoptosis. The apoptotic effect correlates with high expression and activation of the pro-apoptotic Bax and decreased transcript and protein levels of the anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 and Bcl-x(L). Furthermore, the combination of AG1478 and doxorubicin induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and glutathione depletion in FaO cells, coincident with up-regulation of the NADPH oxidase NOX4 and down-regulation of the gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-GCS), a key regulatory enzyme of the glutathione synthesis. Incubation of cells with glutathione ethyl ester attenuates the apoptosis induced by the combination of doxorubicin and AG1478, which indicates that glutathione depletion is required for an efficient cell death. In conclusion, targeting EGFR combined with other conventional pro-apoptotic drugs should potentially be effective in antineoplastic therapy towards liver cancer.
 ...
PMID:Inhibition of the EGF receptor blocks autocrine growth and increases the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin in rat hepatoma cells: role of reactive oxygen species production and glutathione depletion. 1837 37

The purpose of this study was to retrospectively clarify the current status in Japan of TACE using Lipiodol together with anticancer agents to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We retrospectively surveyed 4,659 (average annual total) procedures for HCC over the years 2002-2004 at 17 institutions included in the TACE Study Group of Japan. The survey included six questions that were related mainly to TACE and Lipiodol for HCC treatment. The most frequently applied among the 4,659 procedures at the 17 institutions were TACE (2,310; 50%) and local ablation (1,395; 30%). Five of the institutions applied 201-300 procedures and 4 applied 101-200. Lipiodol was used in "all procedures" and in "90% or more" at seven and nine institutions, respectively. Almost all institutions applied 4-6 (mean, 5) ml of Lipiodol during TACE to treat tumors 5 cm in diameter. In conclusion, this survey clarified that TACE using Lipiodol and anticancer agents is a popular option for HCC treatment in Japan.
 ...
PMID:Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) with lipiodol to treat hepatocellular carcinoma: survey results from the TACE study group of Japan. 1838 87

This study investigated the reasons for some patients requiring two consecutive sessions of percutaneous radiofrequency (RF) ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We reviewed our database of 1,179 patients (1,624 treatments) with HCCs treated by percutaneous ultrasound (US)-guided RF ablation over 6 years. We retrospectively evaluated 80 patients who required a second session after the first session. The medical records and follow-up CTs were studied. We assessed the reasons for the second session and the patient outcomes. A second session was required in 80 (4.8%) out of 1,642 treatments of percutaneous RF ablation for HCC. The reason for the second session included technical failure related to the patient or the procedure (n=26), technical failure due to residual (n=40), newly detected (n=11) or missed (n=3) tumors found at the immediate follow-up CT. All patients were retreated with a second RFA session the next day. Seventy-five (93%) of 80 patients achieved complete ablation after the second session. The remaining five patients were treated by TACE (n=1), additional RFA (as second treatment at next admission) (n=3), or were lost to follow-up (n=1). After 1 month follow-up, 72 patients (96%) showed complete ablation after the second session. The interventional oncologist should understand the technical reasons for a patient requiring a second session of RF ablation when providing treatment for HCCs and perform careful pre-procedural planning to minimize the need for multi-session procedures.
 ...
PMID:Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma: analysis of 80 patients treated with two consecutive sessions. 1838 52


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>