Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fractional intestinal 47Ca calcium absorption (alpha) in 12 epileptic outpatients receiving chronic high-dose anticonvulsant therapy was reduced (p less than 0.05) compared to 12 matched normal controls. Six of the epileptics were treated orally with 0.5 microgram of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25-DHCC) per day and six with 10 microgram of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-HCC) per day for 10 days. The alpha was determined before and after treatment and compared with the effect of 0.5 microgram of 1,25-DHCC per day given for 10 days to 6 controls. An increase of the same order in alpha was found in all groups (p less than 0.05). No changes were observed in the serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase or iPTH during treatment. Urinary calcium excretion was low in the epileptic patients and rose during treatment. The investigation demonstrates that the sensitivity of the intestine to 1,25-DHCC is normal in epileptic patients on anticonvulsant therapy and that 1,25-DHCC and 25-HCC in the given doses had an equal effect on the reduced intestinal calcium absorption.
 ...
PMID:Fractional intestinal calcium absorption in epileptics on anticonvulsant therapy. Short-term effect of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol. 44 80

Alkaline phosphatases, which had a unique electrophoretic mobility on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, were found in hepatic tissue of a patient with liver cirrhosis. Enzymic and immunological properties of the enzymes examined on electropherogram were similar to those of a fetal intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase in hepatoma with respect to sensitivity to amino acids, heat stability, sensitivity to sodium dodecyl sulfate, and reactivity to anti-intestinal alkaline phosphatase antiserum. The enzymes seem to be a variant of a fetal intestinal alkaline phosphatase. The significance of occurrence of the enzymes in cirrhotic liver is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Electrophoretic variant of fetal intestinal alkaline phosphatase in a patient with cirrhotic liver. 44 73

The results of determination of the activity of the liver and bone serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme were in complete agreement with the clinical, laboratory and gamma-radiographic findings in all 62 examined patients with neoplastic liver metastases and with the same findings in 36 out of 38 patients with bone metastases. Determination of the bone isoenzyme concurred with the radionuclear findings in 27 out of 30 patients. Thermostable serum alkaline phosphatase variants were evaluated in 136 patients. They were found in 8 out of 40 patients with a lung carcinoma and in 8 out of 13 with a primary hepatocellular carcinoma. The findings were correlated with the presence of alpha-1 fetoprotein in the serum. A thermostable variant corresponding to the Nagao isoenzyme was evaluated biochemically in a patient with a stomach carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Alkaline phosphatases in neoplastic diseases. 61 60

A fast-moving alkaline phosphatase band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis has been found in 6 patients with carcinoma of the liver and gastrointestinal tract. This isoenzyme resembled the placental isoenzyme in its inhibition by L-phenylalanine, its resistance to L-homoarginine inhibition and its molecular weight. However, it differed from the placental and Regan isoenzymes in its sensitivity to L-leucine and ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid, its lower retardation by neuraminidase, its electrophoretic mobility and its decreased heat stability. The latter two properties also distinguished it from the Nagao isoenzyme. It was identified as the Regan Variant. The Regan Variant has hitherto been reported largely in hepatocellular carcinoma. In the presented paper we report its appearance in the sera of patients who have neoplasms in a variety of primary sites in the gastrointestinal tract. It is emphasized that, while the presence of the Regan Variant in serum may be taken as evidence of carcinoma, no conclusions can be drawn as to the site of the disease.
 ...
PMID:Regan variant alkaline phosphatase in gastrointestinal carcinoma. 65 33

An attempt has been made to clarify immunosuppressive properties of anti-tumor agents by studying the effect of the agents on the thymus, the reticulo-endothelial system (RES) and hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activities of tumor (an ascites hepatoma, AH 130 cells)-bearing rats. A drastic decrease in the thymus weight and the total number of the lymphocytes and an enhanced activity of thymus alkaline phosphatase were detected by injecting either 5-fluorouracil (5FU) or cyclophosphamide (CP) (30 mg each/kg weight, i.p.) daily for 5 days to tumor-bearing rats. The agents, however, did not induce any conspicuous damage in microsomal mixed function oxidase system or the RES. The presence of 10-day-old tumor resulted in an extreme decrease in the weight and lymphocytes of thymus and a partial decrease in the microsomal drug metabolizing enzyme activities and the RES. Thus, these antitumor agents may lead to the decline of host-mediated immune mechanism. The multiplication of the tumor cells also appears to depress the immune functions and the host resistance.
 ...
PMID:Antitumor agents. II. Effect of 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide on immunological parameters and liver microsomes of tumor-bearing rats. 69 66

In 37 patients with Crohn's disease the 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-HCC) serum level, serum concentration of calcium and inorganic phosphate, and the enzyme activity of alkaline phosphatase were measured. Furthermore the activity index of Crohn's disease was determined in every patient. There was no statistically significant difference of 25-HCC serum levels in these patients compared to a healthy control group. Correspondingly most patients showed normal alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity and normal serum concentration of calcium and inorganic phosphate. No correlation between 25-HCC concentration and site of inflammation or activity index was found.
 ...
PMID:25-hydroxycholecalciferol serum levels in patients with Crohn's disease. 90 78

Increased concentrations of neopterin have been found in conditions causing a stimulation of cellular immunity, including various malignancies. In liver diseases, serum or urinary neopterin levels have been studied in acute viral hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, fatty liver and liver cirrhosis. In the present study neopterin serum levels have been measured in 16 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in 32 patients with liver cirrhosis, and in 28 healthy subjects as controls. Mean values of serum neopterin were significantly increased (p < 0.01) in patients with HCC (15.89 +/- 6.34 nmol/l) when compared with those of normal subjects (4.74 +/- 2.13 nmol/l), but no difference was observed between patients with HCC (associated or not with liver cirrhosis) and patients with liver cirrhosis. Neopterin concentrations are not affected by liver cirrhosis aetiology, nor by its clinical severity, and are not correlated to the values of serum alpha-fetoprotein, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl-transferase, and gamma-globulin. The results show that there is a consistent overlap of values in patients with HCC and liver cirrhosis; macrophage activation seems to be a feature of chronic liver diseases, irrespective of HCC development.
 ...
PMID:Serum neopterin levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. 128 21

Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) was separated into nine to 11 isoenzyme bands (designated as GGT I-XI) by vertical slab electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gradient gel. The diagnostic value of GGT isoenzyme II (GGT II) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was studied, and the results were as follows: 1) GGT II was positive in 90% of 90 cases of HCC, and negative in most patients with acute and chronic viral hepatitis, extrahepatic tumors, in pregnant women, and in healthy controls; 2) the positive rate of GGT II assay was higher than that of alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme I (ALP I), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and alpha 1-antitrypsin (AAT) in 101 cases of HCC. In cases in which the AFP was greater than 50 ng/ml or less than 50 ng/ml, the positive rates of GGT II were 70.8% and 75-100%, respectively; 3) of 14 cases of small-size HCC, the positive rate of GGT II was 78.6%, which was higher than that of AFP (50%), AAT (28.6%), and ALP I (0%); 4) of 62 cases that were false-positive for GGT II assay, 24.2% developed into HCC during a follow-up of 2.1-20 months. In subjects with persistent and recurrent positivity of GGT II, 86.7% and 22.2%, respectively, developed HCC. No patient with temporal positivity of GGT II developed HCC. The results show that GGT II can be applied as an additional marker for HCC, and is valuable not only for the diagnosis of clinical HCC, but for the detection of small or subclinical HCC. Periodic follow-up with assay of GGT II in patients at high risk for HCC may predict the development of hepatoma.
 ...
PMID:Diagnostic value of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase isoenzyme for hepatocellular carcinoma: a 10-year study. 135 62

Of the 208 Chinese patients with histologically proven hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) seen during a 5-year period, 191 patients presented with symptomatic HCC and 17 patients with asymptomatic HCC (subclinical HCC, SCHCC) being picked up by alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) screening. Compared with the patients with symptomatic HCC, patients with SCHCC had a better performance status (p less than 0.01), higher serum albumin levels (p less than 0.05) and lower alkaline phosphatase levels (p less than 0.01). In those patients with symptomatic HCC, 4.7% were operable and only 2 patients had a tumour diameter of less than 5 cm. In contrast, patients with SCHCC had a higher operability rate (76.5%, p less than 0.0001) and all had a tumour of less than 5 cm in diameter (p less than 0.0001). Patients with SCHCC, most of whom had their tumour resected, had a better long-term survival (p less than 0.0001). We conclude that patients with SCHCC picked up by AFP serosurveillance have a better performance status, higher operability and better prognosis.
 ...
PMID:Subclinical hepatocellular carcinoma in Hong Kong Chinese. 138 57

Twenty patients with focal liver lesions (18 metastases, 1 hepatocellular carcinoma, 1 cholangiocarcinoma) were given manganese DPDP as part of a multicentric phase II study of paramagnetic hepatobiliary MR contrast media. 5 mumol/kg manganese DPDP were injected into 10 patients in a concentration of 50 mumol/ml or 10 mumol/ml (3 ml/min). Blood pressure, pulse rate, ECG, respiratory rate, body temperature, blood and serum parameters and the patients' subjective feelings were recorded. MRI was performed with 1.5 T using T1- and T2-weighted sequences. 6 patients reported 8 side effects (flushing, feeling of warmth, metallic taste); 7 of these were produced by the 50 mumol concentration. Two hours after injection there was a significant reduction in alkaline phosphatase which was no longer present after 24 hours. On T1-weighted images manganese DPDP resulted in marked improvement in the contrast difference between the lesions and the liver parenchyma which resulted in a marked increase in the signal to noise ratio. Comparing the two concentrations, better results were obtained by the lower concentration. Extrahepatic uptake was found in the gallbladder, duodenum, pancreas, kidneys, gastric mucosa and myocardium. Manganese DPDP in a concentration of 10 mumol/ml and a dose of 5 mumol/kg is a well tolerated contrast medium which improves the demonstration of focal liver lesions in view of its distribution and uptake. The mechanisms for the transitory side effects require further studies.
 ...
PMID:[Manganese DPDP as a contrast medium for MR tomography of focal liver lesions. Tolerance and image quality in 20 patients]. 145 88


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>