Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Vitamin K (VK) congeners (VK1, VK2, and VK3) have been used as antihemorrhagic agents, while VK3 has also been found to inhibit growth in various rodent and human tumor cells. We have compared the antitumor activities of vitamin K1, K2, and K3 against a panel of human cancer cell lines. For each test agent, a dose-response profile was generated by using an MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and an SRB (sulforhodamine B) assay. Both assays yielded similar results. The respective ID50 values of VK3 in five hepatoma cell lines, HA59T, HA22T, PLC, HepG2, and Hep3B, of increasing differentiation state, were 42, 36, 28, 27, and 20 microM. For nasopharyngeal carcinoma (CG1), leukemia (U937), oral epidermoid carcinoma (KB), and breast carcinoma (BC-M1) cells, the ID50 values of VK3 were 26, 15, 25, and 33 microM, respectively. For all the above cells, the ID50 values of VK1 ranged from 6 to 9 mM, and the ID50 values of VK2 ranged from 1 to 2 mM. Thus, the relative potencies of antitumor activity of VK3 compared to VK2 and to VK1 are about 60- and 300-fold, respectively. These results support the preference for use of VK3 over VK1 and VK2 in cancer therapy.
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PMID:Comparison of antitumor activity of vitamins K1, K2 and K3 on human tumor cells by two (MTT and SRB) cell viability assays. 849 42

Two quantitative cytotoxicity assay methods (cytoplasmic retention of carboxyfluorescein and mitochondrial cleavage of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT)) have been used to evaluate the response of two cultured human cell lines; HepG2 (hepatoma) and W138va13 (transformed lung fibroblasts) to extracts of a range of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) formulations. Two plasticizers; di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) and di-isooctyl phthalate and a range of tin and non-tin stabilizers were incorporated in the study. Only those formulations containing both a plasticizer and a tin-based stabilizer produced extracts which were toxic. Extracts of those formulations which contained both plasticizer and dibutyl tin dimaleate stabilizer were toxic to both cell lines in both assay methods. Extracts of a formulation containing plasticizer and a dioctyl tin mercaptide were toxic to both cell lines in the carboxyfluorescein assay but were only toxic to the WI38va13 cells in the MTT assay. The WI38va13 cells were generally more sensitive to the extracts than the HepG2 cells. When serial dilutions of the extracts were evaluated, the carboxyfluorescein assay proved to be the more sensitive of the two. The acute toxicity of extracts of these PVC formulations cannot be directly attributed to the plasticizers or to the tin stabilizers. It is likely that a synergistic mechanism, such as plasticizer facilitated extraction of the tin stabilizer, exists.
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PMID:Poly(vinyl chloride) formulations: acute toxicity to cultured human cell lines. 856 22

Cisplatinum is currently used as a front line agent in many important tumors, but its dose-limiting nephrotoxicity prevents potential efficacy. There is therefore great interest in developing new platinum agents that have less toxicity. We have synthesized new platinum analogues containing DACH as a carrier ligand and DPPE as a leaving group. Previously we showed that these new platinum complexes have much less nephrotoxicity than cisplatinum. In the present study, the efficacy of one new platinum complex was evaluated with human patient bladder tumor specimens in three-dimensional histoculture as well as with monolayer cultures of cancer cell lines. The efficacy end points used were glucose consumption and thymidine incorporation on the histocultured specimens and MTT reduction on monolayer cell cultures. Our results showed that the new platinum complex was more effective at high concentration (10(-3) M) but less effective at low concentration (10(-4) M) compared to cisplatinum on histocultured bladder tumor specimens. The compound demonstrated higher efficacy than cisplatinum on P-388, and L-1210 leukemic cell lines. The new analog demonstrated similar efficacy to cisplatinum on the MKN-45 human stomach cancer cell line. The PC-14 human lung cancer cell line, MH1C1 rat hepatoma cell line, NIH-OV3, SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cell lines were as sensitive to the new analog as to cisplatinum at high concentrations of the new platinum analogue. The cisplatinum-resistant M-14 melanoma cell line was not sensitive to either the new analog or cisplatinum. Based on these results, this novel platinum compound appears to be a valuable lead compound with high efficacy and low nephrotoxicity.
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PMID:Efficacy of the platinum analog [Pt(cis-dach)(DPPE)-2NO3] on histocultured human patient bladder tumors and cancer cell lines. 904 1

It was reported that sodium thiosulfate (STS) was contributed to antivomiting effect in 20 transarterial chemotherapic patients. The antitumor sensitivity of STS (< 500 micrograms/ml) adjuncting to the ADM, MMC, CDDP and other four agens (1 x PPC/ml) individually on two tumor cells studied by MTT test in vitro and no antitumor activity of adjuvant of STS were obviously obliterated (P > 0.05) except for CDDP clinically, to comparing the adjuncting effects of STS (iv. 30 min ahead) or metochlopramidum (im. 30 min ahead) to ADM, MMC and CDDP on HCC (40 cases), the degrees of vomiting in hepatoma patient after transcatheter arterial chemoem bolization with ADM, MMC and CDDP were statisticaly analysec. It have been proven that STS was contributed to the low incidence of vomiting and superior to metocloe pramidum, without worsening of the chemotherapy of HCC. It is worth futher studying adjuvant STS to other antitumor drugs and exploring potential application of chematherapy in cancer.
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PMID:[Relieving effect of sodium thiosulfate on transarterial chemotherapeutic emesis]. 930 80

The effects of mast cells (MCs) isolated from rat peritoneal cavity on rat hepatoma cell line (CBRH7919) in vitro were studied with phase contrast microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that different degrees of degeneration were present in all CBRH7919 cells and a few of them exhibited necrosis or disruption when CBRH7919 cells were cocultured with MCs for 24 hours. In situ hybridization demonstrated that the expression of c-myc mRNA in CBRH7919 cells was markedly reduced by MCs. MTT colorimetric assay indicated that the supernatants of MC cultures had suppressive effect on the proliferation of CBRH7919. A monoclonal anti-mouse TNF antibody could decrease the suppressive effect. These results suggest that MCs had anti-tumor effect.
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PMID:[Studies of mast cell-mediated cytotoxicity to hepatoma cells in vitro]. 938 20

The progressive responses to photodynamic treatment (lambda > 590 nm) mediated by Temoporfin have been investigated in vitro on two rodent cell lines: BHK and murine hepatoma MH22 cells. Comparisons are made of two light exposure/post-exposure incubation media: Dulbecco's minimal essential medium (DMEM) and phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS) depleted of energy sources. Enhancement of lipid peroxidation is an early response to Temoporfin photosensitization in either experimental set. It is restored to the initial level by subsequent incubation in DMEM, but not in DPBS. The decrease in MTT specific activity and especially lactate dehydrogenase leakage from the cells are faster in DPBS and continue to proceed during the post-exposure incubation in the both media. The intracellular ATP pool is completely depleted within 3 h of post-exposure incubation in DPBS, but not in DMEM where, in contrast, an initial increase in ATP is observed. Based on these preliminary observations, it is presumed that ATP synthesized by injured mitochondria and activated glycolysis is being used to restore the deteriorated cell functions and/or to allow reactions involved in apoptosis to proceed.
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PMID:Post-exposure processes in Temoporfin-photosensitized cells in vitro: reliance on energy metabolism. 944 Mar 23

It has been recognized that alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), as an oncofetal antigen, is re-expressed in large amounts in adult tumor cells and serves clinically useful purposes in tumor-marker assays. However, its biological activities are still undefined. In the present study, the ability of AFP to stimulate tumor-cell growth was observed by an in vitro experimental system. Mouse ascites cancer cells derived from hepatoma-22(H-22) or Ehrlich ascites carcinoma(EAC) were extracted intraperitoneally and cultured in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% newborn calf serum for 48 hr. Cell growth was quantitated by a colorimetric assay using a MTT microculture tetrazolium dye. The results demonstrated that AFP significantly increased H-22-cell proliferation, with stimulation per cents of 122 to 156%. A similar growth-promoting effect of AFP was observed using EAC cells, with stimulation per cents of 86 to 210%. Moreover, the growth-stimulatory activity of AFP could be abrogated with anti-AFP antibodies. In addition, 5-fluorouracil could obviously inhibit AFP-induced proliferation of H-22 or EAC cells in vitro. These results suggest that AFP is associated with tumor-cell growth and may serve as an important target of tumor therapy.
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PMID:Stimulation of tumor-cell growth by alpha-fetoprotein. 946 62

Despite several years of experimental observations, the clinical application of the neuroimmunomodulation is still at the beginning. The pineal gland plays a main role in mediating the link between psychoneuroendocrine and immune systems. Melatonin (MLT), which is the main pineal hormone produced during the night, has appeared to amplify IL-2 anticancer activity. Other pineal hormones, however, would have immunomodulatory activity, in particular 5-methoxytryptophol (5-MTT), which is mainly produced during the light phase of the day. Previous clinical studies have shown that low-dose IL-2 plus MLT may have therapeutic efficacy in advanced cancer patients with neoplasms generally resistant to IL-2 alone, with a tumor regression rate generally less than 20% and an acceptable toxicity. The present study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose IL-2 in association with both MLT and 5-MTT. The study included 14 untreatable advanced solid tumor patients (lung cancer: 4; gastric cancer: 3; mesothelioma: 2; hepatocarcinoma: 2; pancreatic cancer: 1; melanoma: 1; colon cancer: 1). IL-2 was injected subcutaneously at 3 MIU/day for 6 days/week for 4 weeks, by repeating a second cycle after a 21- day rest period. Both MLT and 5-MTT were given orally at 40 mg/day in the evening and at 1 mg/day at noon. The clinical results, as evaluated by WHO criteria after each cycle, consisted of partial response (PR) in 4/14 (29%) (lung cancer: 2; hepatocarcinoma: 1; mesothelioma: 1), stable disease (SD) in 6 and progressive disease in the last 4 patients. The treatment was extremely well tolerated in all patients, and in particular no fever greater than 38 degrees C occurred. These preliminary results show that the neuroimmunotherapy with low-dose IL-2 plus two pineal hormones, MLT and 5-MTT, is a well tolerated and potentially effective cancer therapy of untreatable advanced solid tumor patients, with results apparently superior with respect to those previously described with IL-2 plus MLT alone.
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PMID:Anticancer neuroimmunomodulation by pineal hormones other than melatonin: preliminary phase II study of the pineal indole 5-methoxytryptophol in association with low-dose IL-2 and melatonin. 949 62

d-Dicentrine, a naturally occurring aporphine type isoquinoline alkaloid, isolated from the root of Lindera megaphylla Hemsl. (Lauraceae), was evaluated for its potential anti-cancer activity. We found d-dicentrine significantly inhibited the growth of human hepatoma cell line HuH-7 by delaying its doubling time in tissue culture. An in vitro colony forming assay showed that d-dicentrine decreased the colony formation efficiency in both hepatoma cell lines, HuH-7 and MS-G2, used in our study. Biosyntheses of the macromolecules DNA and RNA were also strongly inhibited. An MTT assay in 21 tumor cell lines also revealed that d-dicentrine was most cytotoxic to esophageal carcinoma HCE-6, lymphoma cell lines Molt-4 and CESS, leukemia cell lines HL60 and K562, and hepatoma cell line MS-G2. An in vitro tumor growing assay in the Severe Combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice showed that intraperitoneal injection of d-dicentrine at the dose of 100 micrograms twice a week for 4 weeks significantly inhibited the tumor incidence of leukemia cell line K562 in SCID mice. All these data indicated that d-dicentrine has potential anti-tumor applications.
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PMID:Anti-tumor effects of d-dicentrine from the root of Lindera megaphylla. 958 16

The protective effect of ebselen (2-phenyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one), a selenoorganic compound, against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage was investigated in a human hepatoma cell line, HepG2. The inhibitory effect of H2O2 on cell growth was determined using the tetrazolium dye colorimetric test (MTT test), and the cytotoxicity and lipid peroxidation were estimated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, respectively. DNA damage was detected using single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay), and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation was measured using a fluorescent probe 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA). The results showed that H2O2 suppressed the growth of HepG2 cells and the addition of ebselen significantly reduced the suppression. Furthermore, ebselen also displayed a dose-dependent reduction of LDH leakage and MDA formation in H2O2-treated cells. The results also demonstrate that ebselen was able to reduce the ROS formation and DNA damaging effect caused by H2O2 in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that ebselen has a strong protective ability against the cytotoxicity and DNA damaging effect caused by reactive oxygen species.
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PMID:Protective effect of ebselen against hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in HepG2 cells. 989 May 54


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