Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Poly(A) polymerase (EC 2.7.7.19) solubilized from mitochondria of a poorly differentiated rat tumor, Morris hepatoma 3924A, was purified more than 1000-fold by successive column chromatography on phosphocellulose, DEAE-Sephadex, and hydroxylapatite. Purified enzyme catalyzed the incorporation of ATP into poly(A) only upon addition of an exogenous primer. Of several primers tested, synthetic poly(A) was the most effective. The enzyme utilized mitochondrial RNA as a primer at least five times as efficiently as nuclear RNA. The enzyme required Mn2+, and had a pH optimum of 7.8-8.2. The enzyme utilized ATP exclusively as a substrate; the calculated K-m for ATP was 28 muM. The polymerization reaction was not inhibited by RNase, ethidium bromide, distamycin, or alpha-amanitin. The reaction was sensitive to O-n-octyloxime of 3-formylrifamycin SV (AF/013). As estimated from glycerol gradient centrifugation and acrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, the molecular weight of the enzyme was 60,000. The product was covalently linked to the polynucleotide primer and the average length of the poly(A) formed was 600 nucleotides.
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PMID:Mitochondrial poly(A) polymerase from a poorly differentiated hepatoma: purification and characteristics. 23 43

Novikoff hepatoma nucleolar nonhistone proteins, C23 and B23, contain highly acidic phosphorylated regions (Mamrack, M. D., et al. (1977) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 76, 150--157). Tryptic peptides from protein C23 containing these regions were purified by DEAE-Sephadex columns and paper electrophoresis at pH 1.8. One of these, peptide C23-Ca, was sequenced by combined automated and conventional methods. The proposed amino acid sequence is shown in eq 1. This peptide was found in three 32P-labeled forms with phosphoryl groups at positions 8 and 25, and probably 28. The highly acidic sequences adjacent to the phosphorylation sites represent a unique class of phosphorylation sites different from those in histones or substrates for cytoplasmic cAMP-dependent kinases. Ala-Ala-Pro-Ala-A5la-Pro-Ala-Ser-Glu-A10sp-Glu-Asp-Glu-Glu-A15sp-Asp-Asp-Asp-Glu-A20sp-Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp-S25er-Gln-Glu-Ser-Glu-G30lu-Glu-Asp-Glu-Glu-V35al-Met-Glu-Ile-Thr-P40ro-Ala-Lys (1).
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PMID:Amino acid sequence and sites of phosphorylation in a highly acidic region of nucleolar nonhistone protein C23. 46 78

A possible use of a previously described method of fractionation of highly polymeric DNAs on a column with benzoylated DEAE-cellulose is discussed. The method can be used for separation of renaturated and hybrid DNA molecules as well as for detection of single-stranded structures within the DNA. Using the method in question it was shown that the DNA of hepatoma 27 contains about 6% of single-stranded DNA structures.
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PMID:[Fractionation of DNA containing single-stranded regions on a column with benzoylated DEAE-cellulose]. 57 6

The incorporation of 14C-thymidine into DNA and the acid-soluble fraction of mouse hepatomas 22A and 48 and into DNA of rat Zajdela hepatoma as well as into corresponding fractions of liver, spleen and thymus of normal organisms and tumor-bearing animals, was studied. Ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose disks was used to study distribution of the 14C-thymidine label between nucleosides, nucleotides, and nucleoside di- and triphosphates of the cell pool. The distribution of the label as early as 5 to 10 minutes after administration of 14C-thymidine was found to be specific for each tissue studied and remains unchanged for at least 1 hour. Specific radioactivity (per mg DNA) of the acid-soluble fraction in 22A hepatoma is declined from the original high level very rapidly from the first minutes following administration of labelled thymidine with a corresponding increase in the specific radioactivity of DNA. The character of the both curves depends on the growth rate of hepatomas studied. Systemic effect of the highly malignant hepatomas manifests itself in their successful competition with the host's tissues for the vital precursor--thymidine. This phenomenon entails a drastic suppression of the incorporation of thymidine into the immunocompetent host's organs--spleen of mice and thymus of rats.
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PMID:[Kinetics of (C14) thymidine metabolism in hepatomas and tissues from normal and tumor-bearing animals]. 69 12

Protein 35/7.7 is an abundant cytosol protein of Morris hepatoma 3924A and Novikoff hepatoma which was not found in normal liver. Protein 35/7.7 was isolated from the cytosol of Novikoff hepatoma ascites cells by ammonium sulfate precipitation and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. It migrated as a single major spot on two-dimensional isoelectric focusing-SDS polyacrylamide gels. The N-terminal hexapeptide is Val-Asx-Pro-Thr-Val-Phe and its carboxyl-terminal amino acid is phenylalanine.
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PMID:Purification and partial characterization of protein 35/7.7 a cytosol protein that is abundant in rapidly growing hepatomas. 70 6

The nuclease activities of proteins, constituents of cytoplasmic ribosomes obtained from normal liver rats (Wistar) and C3HA mice as well as from hepatomas (both solid and ascites forms) transplanted into the above animals, were studied. RNA in membrane-bound ribosomes of normal rat liver incubated at 37 degrees C undergoes endogeneous hydrolysis resulting in formation, apart from acid-soluble products, of 6S, 8S and 11S fragments comprising 15 to 20% of the original amount of RNA. In contrast, in hepatoma membrane-bound ribosomes RNA treated likewisely remains intact. The proteins responsible for the RNase activity isolated from ribosomes were subsequently fractionated using ammonium sulfate and chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex columns and their properties were studied. The RNase activity completely disappeared from the membrane-bound ribosomes of Zajdela, 27 rat hepatomas and Guelstein hepatoma 22A, but not from the slow growing Guelstein hepatoma 48.
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PMID:[Nuclease activity of the cytoplasmic ribosomes of hepatocytes and several experimental hepatomas]. 71 53

Gangliosides with NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal structure have been studied in human hepatocellular carcinoma. The gangliosides were purified to homogeneity by a DEAE-Sephadex A-25 column chromatography and by repeated silica beads column chromatography. Three gangliosides containing NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal structure were isolated and were structurally characterized by using monoclonal antibodies, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, methylation analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and exoglycosidase treatments. The first compound was identified as NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-3Gal beta 1-4Glc beta 1-1Cer. The structures of 2 other components were concluded to be as follows: [formula: see text] The first compound is a ganglioside that is characteristic of human meconium. The second compound has the same structure as a ganglioside recently found by us (Taki, T., Rokukawa, C., Kasama, T., Kon, K., Ando, S., Abe, T., and Handa, S., J. Biol. Chem., 267: 11811-11817, 1992) in meconium. The third compound is a novel type of ganglioside having blood group I-type structure as the core sequence. In addition to these gangliosides, 5 others were detected, and all except for GM3 were glycolipids with neolacto-series core structure. These results suggest that enzymes for the synthesis of neolacto type and NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal structure of glycolipids are activated in hepatoma.
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PMID:Human hepatoma gangliosides: occurrence of a novel I-type glycolipid with NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal structure. 132 95

We searched for a new cell aggregation factor for hepatoma AH109A cells, and found one we called HAF in the culture filtrate of Streptomyces sp. strain No. A-6143 isolated from a soil sample. HAF was purified by salting-out with ammonium sulfate. DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, gel filtration on Sephadex G-100, and hydroxylapatite column chromatography, HAF was glycoprotein which had a molecular weight of about 73,000. HAF was stable from pH 6 to 8 at 37 degrees C and up to 40 degrees C at pH 8.0 and the aggregation activity of HAF was maximum around pH 8 at 30 degrees C. The activity was not influenced by some saccharides, but it was inhibited by EDTA and EGTA: moreover HAF activity was restored by the addition of calcium ions. HAF aggregated hepatoma AH136B and COS-7 cells as well as hepatoma AH109A cells, but it was inert to other cancer cells and human erythrocytes. These properties proved that HAF is completely different from other aggregation factors for cancer cells so far reported.
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PMID:HAF, hepatoma aggregation factor produced by Streptomyces sp. strain No. A-6143. 136 99

The Cu concentration was about 40 and 60 times higher in the liver in Long-Evans with a cinnamon-like coat color (LEC) rats aged 80 days (without hepatitis) and 130 days (with hepatitis), respectively than in the liver in Fischer rats. Most hepatic Cu was recovered in the cytosol fraction. Furthermore, about 96% and 84% of the cytosolic Cu was found in the metallothionein region on a Sephadex G-75 column in LEC rats aged 80 and 130 days, respectively. The hepatic metallothionein concentration was about 130 to 140 times higher in LEC rats than in Fischer rats when the concentration was expressed as metallothionein-bound Cu. Three forms of Cu-metallothionein were isolated by DEAE-cartridge. Although the concentration of hepatic Cu-metallothionein and its composition of polymorphic form were not changed greatly in hepatitis phase (in the 130-day-old LEC rats), activities of serum enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) and alanine aminotransferase (GPT) were increased significantly. The LEC rat showed a significantly low concentration of biliary Cu and markedly low activity of ceruloplasmin (as ferroxidase). Serum Cu showed a low concentration in the 80-day-old LEC rats, but recovered to the control level in the 130-day-old LEC rats. The abnormal accumulation of Cu may be due to the inherent reduction of excretion of Cu into the bile and blood. Such deposition may be a trigger for the onset of the spontaneous hepatitis occurring at 90-120 days after birth and for the onset of hepatoma later.
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PMID:Excessive accumulation of hepatic copper in LEC rats aged 80 days without hepatitis and 130 days with hepatitis. 144 42

1. Five perchloric acid-soluble fractions (PASFs) obtained from ascitic fluids of three patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a patient with liver metastatic carcinoma (LUC) from ureteral carcinoma and human normal serum (NS) were subjected to DEAE-cellulose column chromatography to separate seven glycoprotein fractions, respectively. 2. In this chromatography, two HCC-PASFs gave a Thomsen-Friedenreich (T)-active glycoprotein, respectively. 3. Other HCC-PASF gave a T-active glycoprotein, two blood group N antigen precursor glycoproteins and an N antigen precursor glycoprotein with T activity. 4. LUC-PASF gave two T-active glycoproteins and an N antigen precursor glycoprotein with T activity. 5. NS-PASF did not give these serologically active glycoproteins.
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PMID:Thomsen-Friedenreich (T)-active glycoproteins, blood group N antigen precursor glycoproteins and N antigen precursor glycoproteins with T activity from ascitic fluids of liver cancer patients. 166 65


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