Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Deoxyadenosine, which was phosphorylated to dATP, inhibited DNA synthesis in malignant cells. However, on incubation of the substance in vitro with Zaidela ascites hepatoma cells the inhibitory effect was gradually decreased due to dephosphorylation of dATP and to deamination of deoxyadenosine to deoxyinosine. In order to prolong the inhibition of nucleic acids synthesis, N-6-methyl adenosine, which was recognized as an inhibitor of adenosine deaminase, was added to the cells. Optimal inhibition of DNA synthesis was observed in presence of deoxyadenosine and N-6-methyl adenosine at 1 with 10-minus 3 M concentration. Addition of N-6-methyl adenosine, after incubation with deoxyadenosine within 2 hrs, caused more prolonged inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis than it was observed in presence of deoxyadenosine.
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PMID:[Action of deoxyadenosine on nucleic acid synthesis by tumor cells in the presence of a deaminase inhibitor]. 16 14

Adenosine deaminase and adenosine kinase have been measured in rat liver, 12 transplantable hepatomas, regenerating, foetal and neonatal liver, adult and neonatal rat kidney and 2 transplantable kidney tumours. Adenosine, deaminase activity, relative to the normal liver value, was elevated 2-4 fold in hepatomas of rapid growth rate, was in the normal range in more slowly growing hepatomas and in regernerating liver, and was low in foetal and neonatal liver. Adenosine kinase activity was decreased, relative to rat liver values, in all the hepatomas; activity of this enzyme gave a negative correlation with tumour growth rate. Kinetic properties of the two enzymes were examined in partially purified preparations. Adenosine deaminases from both liver and rapidly growing hepatoma 3924A were subject to weak product inhibition by inosine. Adenosine kinase from liver and hepatoma 3924A was inhibited by the reaction products ADP and AMP, and the enzyme was also subject to excess substrate inhibition by concentrations of ATP in excess of 1 mM. In rat hepatoma cell lines growing in culture, the toxicity of adenosine correlated inversely with the ratio of adenosine deaminase activity to adenosine kinase activity. Chromatographic measurements showed that hepatoma cells incorporated less extracellular adenosine into their adenine nucleotide pools than did isolated liver cells. These results indicate that increased adenosine deaminase activity and decreased adenosine kinase activity may confer a selective advantage upon the cancer cell.
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PMID:Adenosine deaminase and adenosine kinase in rat hepatomas and kidney tumours. 20 96

In order to know the influence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) on the alcoholic liver diseases (ALD), 124 patients with ALD were divided into two groups by positive or negative anti-HCV, and differences of histological findings, laboratory data, evolution of histopathology and liver disease of those who developed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) between both groups were investigated. There were 31 patients (25%) in the anti-HCV positive group and 93 patients (75%) in the negative group. Histologically, viral changes were seen in most patients (55%) of the positive group, whereas those were seen in a few patients (15%) of the negative group. The patients of the positive group showed higher serum adenosine deaminase levels compared with those of the negative group. However, as regards the evolution of histopathology, amount of alcohol consumed seemed to be more responsible than positive anti-HCV. Three out of 6 patients with HCC were anti-HCV positive cirrhotics, although there were three anti-HCV negative HCC patients: one with cirrhosis and two with hepatic fibrosis.
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PMID:[Influence of hepatitis C virus on the alcoholic liver diseases]. 166 15

The effect of theophylline on the concentration of uric acid in plasma was investigated. Theophylline increased the plasma concentrations of purine bases (uric acid, hypoxanthine and xanthine) without a decreased urinary excretion of these purine bases in normal subjects. 1-methyl uric acid, a metabolite of theophylline, was not converted to uric acid in a detectable level by the hepatoma-derived cell line HuH-7 cells. Although theophylline affected neither the concentration of nucleotides nor the activities of the enzymes related to purine metabolism (hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase, 5'-nucleotidase, adenosine deaminase and purine nucleoside phosphorylase) in erythrocytes, these results suggested that theophylline-induced purine degradation seems to be a cause of the increased concentration of uric acid in plasma.
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PMID:Theophylline-induced increase in plasma uric acid--purine catabolism increased by theophylline. 188 11

The changes in the biochemical parameters of peritoneal macrophages and their coupling to the secretory and phagocytic functions in CH3A mice during the growth of the reinoculated solid hepatoma 22a were studied. The DNA and RNA synthesis during the active tumour growth was more intense than that in resident macrophages. The activity of uridine kinase increased up to 156.0 +/- 12.0 nmol/hour/10(8) but was absent in resident macrophages. This was accompanied by a 7.2-fold increase of interleukin-1 synthesis as determined by the [3H]thymidine incorporation into thymocyte DNA in response to concanavalin A administration to C3H mice. Similar changes were observed in peptone-stimulated macrophages. A specific feature of macrophages from tumour-bearing mice was the impairment of activity of purine exchange enzymes and the efficiency of phagocytosis that were unobserved in peptone-stimulated macrophages. The activity of adenosine deaminase and purine nucleoside phosphorylase was inhibited as a result of their preincubation with zymosan, a phagocytosis-stimulating agent. This was accompanied by a significant decrease of the first chemiluminescence peak resulting from disturbances in Fc-reception. Macrophages of tumour-bearing animals possessed an increased 2.2-fold activity of membrane-bound AMP 5'-nucleotidase concomitant with the lack or decrease of the amplitude of the second chemiluminescence peak reflecting the disturbances in digestion resulting from phagocytosis.
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PMID:[Change in activity of enzymes for purine metabolism and RNA and DNA biosynthesis in macrophages, reflecting impairment of their functions in neoplastic growth]. 248 7

Using reverse phase ion pair high performance liquid chromatography, the levels of free adenosine, inosine, adenine, xanthine, hypoxanthine, guanine and deoxycytidine in thymocytes and splenic T- and B-lymphocytes of C3HA mice, were studied under normal conditions and at different times (5 hrs, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 and 20 days) after transplantation of solid hepatoma 22a. The adenosine and inosine levels in thymus and spleen lymphocytes were 5 to 10 times as low as that of purine bases. Inosine was totally absent in T-and B-lymphocytes. The absolute content of adenine and guanine in thymus and spleen lymphocytes was higher compared to purine bases. It was shown that in all cases studied the decrease in hypoxanthine, xanthine and guanine levels in T- and B-lymphocytes during maximal tumour growth, i.e., on the 5th and 8th post-inoculation days as well as at the terminal period (20th day), was correlated with the decrease in the adenosine deaminase and functional activities of these cells. The level of free adenine in thymocytes and spleen T-lymphocytes during tumour growth showed a 2-4-fold increase in comparison with normal values. A dramatic decrease of intracellular concentration of deoxycytidine was observed in thymocytes and spleen T- and B-lymphocytes beginning with the 5th hour and over the whole subsequent period. The key role of the deoxycytidine decline during tumour growth as a possible cause of simultaneous impairment of DNA synthesis and purine deoxyribonucleoside phosphorylation in lymphocytes is discussed.
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PMID:[The pool of free purine and pyrimidine nucleosides and bases in the thymocytes, and splenic T- and B-lymphocytes of C3HA mice during the growth of solid hepatoma 22a]. 262 54

Supernates of thymic epithelial cell culture (STEC) strongly inhibit aggregation induced by addition of adenosine diphosphate (ADP: 1 microM) or thrombin (0.5 unit per ml) to washed platelet suspensions and accelerated the restoration from ADP-triggered aggregation. At the same time, STEC increased the level of platelet adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) in a dose-dependent manner. Depending on the concentration used, thymosin fraction 5 increased the level of intracellular cyclic AMP ranging between 5 and 100 micrograms per ml, as well as inhibiting ADP-induced platelet aggregation. The activities of both STEC and thymosin fraction 5 were found to act exclusively on cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activity in platelets. In contrast the supernates from Chang, HeLa, or HCC-M cells did not affect platelet aggregation induced by ADP, but slightly increased the cyclic AMP level (Chang, HeLa). Within 2 min after the treatment with STEC, more than 50% of the maximum inhibitory activity on platelet aggregation and increases in intracellular cyclic AMP were observed. These activities disappeared following STEC treatment with pronase E. STEC activity was found predominantly in the 1,000-50,000-dalton fractions. These activities were not altered when STEC was treated by adenosine deaminase. The level of prostaglandin E (PGE) derivatives in STEC was about two times that found in the control culture medium. These data suggest that the biological activity of STEC in the platelets might be attributed to thymosinlike polypeptides and PGE1.
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PMID:In vitro effect of a thymic epithelial culture supernate or thymosin fraction 5 on rabbit platelet aggregation and intracellular cyclic AMP levels. 282 98

Activities of key enzymes of purine metabolism [adenosine deaminase (AD); purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP); 5'-nucleotidase] were studied; changes in DNA content, nucleus ploidity in thymocytes, T- and B-lymphocytes in the C3HA mouse spleen during solid 22 hepatoma growth and after the immunization were monitored. Immunological properties of lymphocytes were also investigated measuring antibody formation and the reaction of blasttransformation in response to phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A and lipopolysaccharide. Within the first 48 hrs after the tumor implantation and immunization certain nonspecific biochemical mechanisms of lymphocytes activation (elevated AD activity, decreased activity of 5'-nucleotidase, augmented intracellular DNA levels, polyploidity) were revealed. As the solid 22 hepatoma reached the maximum growth rate specific alterations in the activities of the purine metabolism key enzymes were observed reflecting the response of thymus and spleen lymphocytes to the presence of the malignant tumor.
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PMID:[Biochemical and functional characteristics of thymus and spleen lymphocytes in C3HA mice during the growth of hepatoma 22 and after immunization with sheep erythrocytes]. 302 Jul 91

Some biochemical mechanisms underlying the impairments of cellular immunity were studied in C3Ha mice in the course of growth of transplantable and induced (ortoaminoazotoluol) solid hepatomas. During intensive hepatoma growth, the adenosine deaminase activity in host thymocytes was shown to be drastically (6 times) reduced, resulting in the elevation of dATP and dGTP concentrations (6- and 7-fold, respectively), the potential inhibitors of ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase. Consequently, the rate of DNA synthesis was reduced as can be evidenced by the decrease of (a) thymidine kinase activity, (b) 14C-thymidine incorporation into DNA, and (c) dTTP and dCTP pools. By the terminal period of hepatoma growth (both transplantable and induced one), the serum corticosterone content increased 3- and 8-fold, respectively. At the same time, specific binding of [3H]triamsinolone acetonide by thymocytes was augmented and the activity of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase increased the latter alterations, which can be regarded as a reflection (including other parameters mentioned) of the arrest of T-lymphocyte differentiation at the level of immature cortex thymocytes.
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PMID:[Changes in the lymphoid cells of DNA and purine nucleotide synthesis and sensitivity to glucocorticoids associated with impairment of differentiation and immune function during tumor growth in mice. Thymocytes]. 308 74

Biochemical impairments in spleen immunocompetent cells (T- and B-lymphocytes) were revealed in host (C3HA mice) of transplantable and ortoaminoazotoluol-induced hepatomas in the course of their growth. As soon as hepatoma emerged (chemical carcinogenesis), the activity of adenosine deaminase and purine nucleoside phosphorylase in T- and B-lymphocytes were found to be reduced 2-6 and 7-10-fold, respectively in parallel with the impairment of their immune system. These alterations were accompanied by the increase in concentrations of dGTP in T-lymphocytes (5.4-fold) and of dATP in B-lymphocytes (4-fold) as well as with the inhibition of DNA synthesis, predominantly in T-lymphocytes. In both T- and B-lymphocytes, the dCTP pool was decreased. In the spleen, T- and B-lymphocytes of mice carrying transplantable 22 hepatoma 22 by the moment of its maximal growth (5th day), the DNA synthesis was inhibited as revealed by the reduction of (a) thymidine kinase activity, (b) rate of the labeled thymidine incorporation into DNA, and (c) intracellular dTTP and dCTP concentrations. In latter periods (from 8th day up to the moment of death), drastic stimulation of DNA synthesis in spleen T- and B-lymphocytes was observed irrespective of the impairments in the immune function and the decrease of the adenosine deaminase activity. In the course of growth of both transplantable and induced solid hepatomas in host spleen T- lymphocytes, the activity of the CTP-dependent thymidine kinase isoenzyme increased, coinciding in time with the activation of antigen-specific T-suppressors in the same organ.
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PMID:[Changes in DNA and purine nucleotide synthesis in lymphoid cells and sensitivity to glucocorticoids associated with the impairment of differentiation and immune function in mice during tumor growth. Spleen T- and B-lymphocytes]. 308 34


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