Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To determine the frequency and significance of alpha-fetoprotein elevation in severe hepatitis B surface antigen-negative chronic active hepatitis, 558 serum samples obtained from 83 patients were tested by an immunoenzymometric assay. All patients received corticosteroids and sampling occurred at 6-12-mo intervals during 96 +/- 6 mo of follow-up. Twenty-nine patients (35%) had an abnormal level. In 26 patients, the abnormality was at presentation. In 3 patients, the abnormality developed 11-127 mo later. Two of these patients had primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Serum aspartate aminotransferase levels were higher in patients with an alpha-fetoprotein elevation at presentation (p less than 0.02). After therapy, the alpha-fetoprotein level normalized and patients entering remission had lower levels than at entry (p less than 0.001). alpha-Fetoprotein levels, however, did not correlate closely with serum aspartate aminotransferase levels at entry nor did they distinguish patients with different patterns of histologic activity. Outcomes after therapy were similar in patients with and without alpha-fetoprotein elevation. Three patients (4%) developed primary hepatocellular carcinoma after 113 +/- 26 mo but only 2 had elevated alpha-fetoprotein levels. We conclude that elevation of the alpha-fetoprotein level occurs commonly at presentation. The abnormality frequently resolves after corticosteroid therapy and it does not have prognostic significance. An elevation that occurs after treatment suggests primary hepatocellular carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Frequency and significance of serum alpha-fetoprotein elevation in severe hepatitis B surface antigen-negative chronic active hepatitis. 244 60

Primary liver carcinoma (PLC) may express a certain number of markers. Here we communicate results of an analysis of five such markers (alpha-1-antitrypsin--AAT--, carcino-embryonic antigen --CEA--, alpha-fetoprotein --AFP--, and superficial --HBsAg-- and core --HBcAg-- antigens of hepatitis B virus) by means of PAP techniques in 130 cases of PLC, comparing the neoplastic tissue and the non-tumorous liver. Three variants of PLC are distinguished: hepatocarcinoma (HC) (108 cases); cholangiocarcinoma (CC) (19 cases); and three cases of hepatocholangiocarcinoma (HCC). AAT was positive in 29 HC, 2 HCC, and negative in all 19 CC. CEA appeared positive in 16 HC, 16 CC and only one HCC. AFP was positive in two HC, and negative in all CC and HCC. HBsAg displayed positivity in 15 HC and one HCC, being negative in all 19 CC. HBcAg was positive in 4 HC, and negative in all CC and HCC. HBsAg was also positive in two neoplastic emboli associated with HC. On the non-tumorous liver tissue the immunohistochemical results showed positivity for AAT and CEA, but not for AFP. Therefore the present results confirm that in the geographical area from which these tumors proceed, PLC is closely correlated with HBsAg positivity and with cirrhosis.
 ...
PMID:Immunohistochemical characterization of 130 cases of primary hepatic carcinomas. 244 80

Increased AFP levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are mainly related to tumor size and in a lesser degree, to AST levels. Abnormal and/or diagnostic AFP levels will be observed in a reduced proportion of patients with small HCC (less than 5 cm). Therefore, AFP measurement is of little value in the early detection of HCC.
 ...
PMID:Alpha-fetoprotein in the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. 248 Apr 20

We carried out a study of the clinical courses of 70 untreated patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in order to evaluate their survival period and the prognostic factors. The median survival was two months. We evaluated ten variables of biochemical parameters and findings of hepatic scintigraphy. Among them, six variables were chosen by univariate analysis. They were serum bilirubin (cut-off value 3.0 mg/dl), alkaline phosphatase (150 IU/ml), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (200 IU/ml), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (50 IU/ml), reticuloendothelial (RES) dysfunction (grade 1) and multiplicity of space occupying lesions (SOL). Multivariate analysis identified three variables. The RES dysfunction and multiplicity of SOL by hepatic scintigraphy and bilirubin were considered as important prognostic factors. We found that the functional reservoir of the underlying liver and multiplicity of the origin of the tumor were the most important prognostic factors.
 ...
PMID:Natural history and prognostic factors of primary hepatocellular carcinoma: study of 70 untreated patients. 256 1

Products of glutamine metabolism were examined in the MC-29 virus-induced chicken hepatoma mitochondria incubated in vitro. Glutamine oxidation proceeded in the tumor mitochondria exclusively via a pathway involving glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase. Malate stimulated aspartate production from glutamine, while pyruvate exerted suppressive effect on aspartate production with little alanine formation. The mitochondria of this hepatoma are unique in that the metabolic pattern and response to malate and pyruvate are essentially inconsistent with those reported in normal cells as well as those proposed by Moreadith and Lehninger in various tumor cells.
 ...
PMID:End products of glutamine oxidation in MC-29 virus-induced chicken hepatoma mitochondria. 257 53

All cases of liver tumor referred to the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Saudi Arabia during 2.5 years were reviewed. Hepatocellular carcinoma, 104 cases, was considerably more common than metastatic carcinoma with unknown primary, 15 cases. Lymphoma presenting as liver tumor occurred in three cases and there were no cases of cholangiocarcinoma. There were only two cases of benign tumor, both hemangioma. Hepatocellular carcinoma was characterized by a male predominance of 6:1, positive hepatitis B surface antigen in 60%, presentation with an enlarged, hard liver in over 90%, a systolic-diastolic bruit over the mass in 45%, a single highly echogenic lesion in the right lobe on ultrasound in 80%, and rapid progression. The serum AST (aspartate aminotransferase, serumglutamic oxalacetic transaminase [SGOT]) was abnormal in 97% and was higher than the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in 93% of cases compared with 17% in 100 consecutive cases of chronic active hepatitis. Sixty-six percent of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma had serum AFP greater than 200 ng/ml. Excluding five cases of germ cell tumor (none involving the liver), and pregnant patients, serum AFP was less than 200 ng/ml in all other patients in whom it was measured between 1979 and 1981. A practical approach to the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma is outlined. Biopsy does not appear to be indicated in many cases of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Hepatic tumors in Saudi Arabia. A practical approach to diagnosis. 257 17

We assayed serum levels of certain enzymes and tumor markers in patients after transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) to evaluate the effectiveness of this treatment. Twenty patients had hepatocellular carcinoma and two patients had metastases to the liver from colon cancer. Assays were first done immediately after TAE and were continued for the next 12 days. Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT; EC 2.6.1.1, L-aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT; EC 2.6.1.2, L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase), and lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27; (S)-lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase) peaked 24 to 48 h after TAE and returned to the base lines in 7 to 10 days. Mitochondrial GOT (mGOT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH; EC 1.4.1.2, L-glutamate:NAD+ oxidoreductase) also peaked at the same time after TAE. alpha-Fetoprotein peaked 2 h after TAE and decreased to half of the baseline on day 7. Carcinoembryonic antigen peaked at 24 h and fell at 48 h only in the patients with colon cancer. The total amount of cytosolic GOT, GPT, mGOT, and GLDH released was correlated to the volume of the necrotic mass estimated by computed tomography scans. The correlation coefficients for mGOT and GLDH were r = 0.919 and r = 0.939 (both p less than 0.001), respectively. Assays of mGOT and GLDH may be useful to estimate the volume of the necrotic mass of a hepatoma or metastatic carcinoma in the liver.
 ...
PMID:Changes in serum enzyme activity after transcatheter arterial embolization for hepatic neoplasm. 283 50

The serum unsaturated vitamin B12-binding capacity (UBBC), unsaturated transcobalamin (UTC) I, UTC II, UTC III levels, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase activities and bilirubin concentration were estimated in 61 patients with liver diseases (31 with hepatoma, 30 with viral hepatitis). The levels of serum cobalamin, UTC I, UTC III, UBBC, alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, and bilirubin were raised in both hepatoma and viral hepatitis patients. Serum UTC II was reduced in both conditions. Alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly increased in hepatoma. Four significant correlations were observed among these parameters in the hepatoma patients while only one significant correlation was observed in viral hepatitis.
 ...
PMID:Correlation between serum enzymes and serum unsaturated vitamin B12 binding proteins in primary liver carcinoma. 283 86

The concentration of serum immunoreactive prolyl 4-hydroxylase (S-IRPH) was determined in patients with various liver diseases by the radioimmunoassay developed previously. S-IRPH values were elevated in acute hepatitis (p less than 0.01), hepatocellular carcinoma (p less than 0.05), metastatic liver neoplasm (p less than 0.01) and cholestatic diseases (p less than 0.001), but no significant elevation was seen in chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis. The mean value of S-IRPH was highest in cholestatic diseases, and next highest in acute hepatitis. In addition to acute hepatitis, S-IRPH was increased in other conditions of hepatocellular damage such as exacerbation of chronic hepatitis or immediately after transcatheter arterial embolization of hepatocellular carcinoma. In cases of hepatocellular damage S-IRPH varied concurrent with cytoplasmic enzyme (AST, ALT and LDH) levels and in cases of cholestatic diseases with biliary enzyme (Al-P and gamma GTP) levels. These properties appear to be unique among serum enzymes. The characteristics of S-IRPH were considered to be related to its unique subcellular localization within the cell, ie the membrane of rough endoplasmic reticulum.
 ...
PMID:Studies on serum immunoreactive prolyl 4-hydroxylase in liver diseases--its elevation both in hepatocellular damage and cholestatic diseases. 284 41

Using a monoclonal antibody to bromodeoxyuridine, we studied the cell kinetics of human hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis and alcoholic liver fibrosis. Specimens were taken either by biopsy or surgery and immediately incubated with 0.1% bromodeoxyuridine solution at 37 degrees C for 45 min. After in vitro labeling, the bromodeoxyuridine taken up by the nuclei of S-phase cells was determined by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method, using an anti-bromodeoxyuridine monoclonal antibody as the first antibody. The number of positive nuclei in 1,000 hepatic cells was counted, and the bromodeoxyuridine labeling index was expressed per thousand. The mean bromodeoxyuridine labeling index +/- S.D. of the cancerous portion of hepatocellular carcinoma, the noncancerous portion of hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis and alcoholic liver fibrosis were 64.1 +/- 31.3, 33.6 +/- 14.4, 23.2 +/- 20.8, 9.1 +/- 6.1 and 21.6 +/- 13.0, respectively. The mean bromodeoxyuridine labeling index of the hepatocellular carcinoma cancerous portion was statistically higher than that of any other group. There was no statistical difference by the t test or the Wilcoxon test between the noncancerous portion of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis, and these two groups were proved interdependent by chi 2 test (Fisher's exact test), whether they were subdivided by bromodeoxyuridine labeling index greater than or equal to 10 or not. Bromodeoxyuridine labeling index was not significantly correlated with the usual biochemical parameters such as serum AST, ALT, gamma-GTP, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, cholinesterase, albumin, and alpha-fetoprotein.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:S-phase cells in diseased human liver determined by an in vitro BrdU-anti-BrdU method. 284 68


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>