Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neocarzinostatin is a protein antitumor antibiotic isolated from cultures of Streptomyces carzinostaticus var.F41. The drug has undergone extensive clinical trial in Japan, and has been reported active against a variety of human tumors. A phase I and preliminary phase II evaluation of the drug has been performed, using an iv bolus daily x 5 schedule. Ninety-six patients have been treated at doses from 500 to 2250 units/m2/day. Courses were repeated at 4-week intervals if allowed by bone marrow recovery. Dose-limiting toxicity was myelosupppression, which occurred late (median nadir, Day 27). Myelosuppression was more pronounced in patients who had received previous chemotherapy. In nine patients (9%) thrombocytopenia was prolonged (greater than or equal to 45 days) or irreversible. Acute administration of the drug was associated with rigors in approximately half the patients. Gastrointestinal side effects were mild. Three patients had a severe acute reaction resembling anaphylaxis. The maximally tolerated dose for this dose schedule is approximately 2250 units/m2/day. Antitumor activity has been seen in hepatoma and hematologic malignancies. Activity in lung and colorectal carcinoma appears limited with this dose schedule.
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PMID:Phase I and preliminary phase II study of neocarzinostatin. 22 Nov 12

The characteristic of a slow infusion technique of angiography provided a new method of selective intraarterial administration. We named this new method "high pressure one hot injection." When we tried to apply this method to patients with inoperable hepatoma, we considered that Neocarzinostatin (NCS) was a very applicable antitumor drug in terms of cell killing kinetics. Fifteen patients with inoperable hepatoma were treated with NCS by the selective intra-hepatic arterial infusion method. Administration of NCS was given by using a technique of high pressure one shot injection. The administration dose of NCS was 6000u. or 10000u., and 10 patients received once, and the others twice or three times. Results were as follows: 1) According to both Karnofsky's criteria and the criteria of direct response for solid cancer, an objective response was observed in 6 patients (40%). In proportion to the increase of the total dose and frequencies the individual efficacy increased. 2) The median survival was 5.5 months. 3) Decrease of serum AFP was seen, prominently within one month after injection. 4) The major side effects were fever (93%), liver dysfunctions (53%), leukopenia (46%), thrombocytopenia (33.3%), and their frequencies were related to the dose of one injection and that of the total. These results suggest that the high pressure one shot injection of NCS is very effective to inoperable hepatoma, but both dose and interval of injection remain to discussed.
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PMID:[Efficacy of arterial infusion chemotherapy with neocarzinostatin on inoperable hepatoma]. 630 85

A lymphographic agent, Ethiodol, injected via the hepatic artery was found to remain selectively in the tumor vessels of hepatoma for a long time in our clinic. Taking advantage of this selective continuous peripheral embolization, a lipophilic high molecular anticancer agent, SMANCS (Copolymer of styrene maleic acid conjugated to Neocarzinostatin) dissolved in Ethiodol was administered via the celiac axis or the hepatic artery with Seldinger's method. Anticancer effect was examined by histological findings of specimens removed using hepatic resection (13 cases) and autopsy (1 case) in 14 patients receiving this treatment. Anticancer effect of this treatment became clear through histological findings. In the patients administered SMANCS more than 0.26 mg per 1 cm2 of maximum cut-surface area, complete or widespread necrosis of the tumor occurred, whereas non-cancerous liver tissue remained unaffected.
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PMID:[Intra-arterial injection of an oily antineoplastic agent in hepatic cancer]. 630 86

Neocarzinostatin (NCZ), a new antitumor antibiotic, was administered to 19 patients with bladder cancer, 16 patients with prostatic cancer, and 3 patients with hepatoma. All patients had objectively measurable metastatic lesions including 21 with palpable nodes or subcutaneous nodules, 10 with pulmonary nodules as demonstrated by chest x-ray, 4 with malignant hepatomegaly, and 3 with bidimensional pelvic masses as demonstrated by CT scanning. Sixty-five courses of NCZ were administered via an intravenous bolus daily for five days with dosages ranging from 1500 to 3000 U/m2. Immediate toxicity was not dose-limiting except for 1 episode of anaphylaxis and 1 of acute renal failure. Myelotoxicity was delayed, dose-dependent, noncumulative, and dose-limiting. Thrombocytopenia was prolonged or irreversible in 5 cases. The maximally tolerated dose was 2750 U/m2. One patient with NCZ-associated pulmonary fibrosis and 1 with biopsy-proven hepatitis are discussed in detail. Neocarzinostatin demonstrated minimal therapeutic activity (1 partial remission) in patients with bladder cancer. There was no response in patients with prostatic cancer or hepatoma.
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PMID:Phase II trial of neocarzinostatin in patients with bladder and prostatic cancer: toxicity of a five-day iv bolus schedule. 644 76

A 47-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at anterior and medical segment in the liver was treated with hepatic arterial infusion of Zinostatin Stimalamer-lipiodol suspension (SMANCS). After the 2nd infusion of SMANCS, the accumulation of lipiodol in the tumor was not good (Grade II), so additional administration was undertaken at five-weeks intervals. His systolic blood pressure immediately decreased from 120 to 60 mmHg, and he had numbness of hands, shaking chills, sweating, chest pain and numerous urticaria-like red exanthema. In spite of treatment by anti-shock agents such as steroid and catecholamines, these symptoms did not disappear, but antihistaminics greatly improved them without any serious side effects. Because of the remarkable effects of the antihistaminics and possibility of antibody production (IgE) after repeated infusions of high molecular SMANCS, this patient may have suffered anaphylactic shock caused by massive histamine release from mast cells.
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PMID:[An anaphylactic shock case after hepatic arterial infusion of zinostatin stimalamer suspension improved by anti-histaminics]. 921 13