Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 54-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of back pain and right hypochondrial pain. Ultrasonography and celiac angiography revealed a large tumor sized 9.4 X 8.1 cm. The tumor appeared hypervascular on angiogram. During the second angiography, an attempt at superselective hepatic angiography for the purpose of infusing a combination of Adriamycin and Lipiodol, spasm of the celiac artery occurred. High fever continued for 11 days after the spasm and serum transaminase was elevated. At the third angiography, the nature of the tumor was seen to have changed remarkably to one of hypovascularity. Percutaneous transhepatic tumor biopsy was done. Pathological diagnosis was necrosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Due to heart disorders, ligation of the right hepatic artery was performed instead of hepatic resection. Postoperatively, the size of the tumor decreased further. It is thought that this patient had a tendency to suffer from vasospasm and that the tumor had a relatively low resistance to ischemia.
 ...
PMID:[A case of necrosis of a hepatocellular carcinoma, caused by spasm of the celiac artery]. 303 94

Hypoxia, leading to cells in resting or slow replication phases may be a cause of chemotherapy and radiation therapy resistance in some tumors. Perfluorochemicals (PFC) may potentiate response to these therapies by increasing oxygen delivery to the tumor, forcing cells into more therapy-responsive replicating phases. To assess the effects of PFC on tumor growth and chemotherapy response, 91 ACI rats bearing 1 cc flank Morris hepatoma tumors were divided into groups: Group I, control; Group II, Adriamycin (ADR) 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally (IP); Group III, Cytoxan (CTX) 100 mg/kg IP; Group IV, PFC 20 mL/kg IV; Group V, ADR and PFC; Group VI, CTX and PFC. Animals were kept in 0.5 FiO2 for 24 hours after treatment, and mortality and tumor volumes determined 2 weeks later. Tumor DNA turnover was measured using opposing pathways assay of 14C-thymidine uptake and degradation. In a separate group, tumor tissue pO2 was measured polarographically with an oxygen microelectrode before and after injection of PFC (20 mL/kg). The survival was significantly reduced in group IV (4%) compared with group I, control (73%). Both ADR and CTX slowed the growth of the tumor, while PFC alone significantly accelerated tumor growth. The tumor response to ADR was potentiated by the addition of PFC. These results were confirmed by DNA synthesis evaluation. The mean pO2 level prior to injection was 6.6 +/- 1.96 mmHg compared with 18.92 +/- 1.00 mmHg after PFC injection (P less than or equal to .01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:The effects of perfluorochemicals on tumor growth and chemotherapy response. 344 Sep 9

In general, progress of chemotherapy for advanced gastrointestinal tumors has been slow, however, introduction of cisplatin has improved the results of chemotherapy in esophageal cancer. Cisplatin has been also recognized to be active for gastric cancer and study of combinations containing it is underway. Adriamycin appears to be the most active for hepatoma and 5-fluorouracil for pancreatic and colorectal cancers. Thus, combinations containing these drugs have been extensively studied but none has shown a definitive superiority over single agent efficacy of both drugs.
 ...
PMID:[Current status of chemotherapy of advanced gastrointestinal tumors]. 353 57

The search for new water-soluble analogues of camptothecin (CPT) with higher activity and less toxicity has led to the development of a novel compound, 7-ethyl-10-[4-(1-piperidino)-1-piperidino]carbonyloxy-camptothecin (CPT-11), which showed significant antitumor activity against a broad spectrum of experimental tumor models by i.p., i.v., or oral administration. When its activity against L1210 was compared with that of CPT and known derivatives, CPT-11 was most effective, giving the highest maximum increase in life span (ILS) and showing good activity over a wide dose range. The antitumor activity of CPT-11 was shown against tumors not only in the ascites form but also in the solid form. Included among the more susceptible murine tumors are S180, Meth A fibrosarcoma, Lewis lung carcinoma, Ehrlich carcinoma, MH134 hepatoma, mammary carcinoma of C3H/HeN mice, L1210, and P388 leukemia. Probable cures of these tumors were induced frequently by CPT-11. The antitumor activity of CPT-11 against i.p.-implanted L1210 was superior to that of Adriamycin in maximum ILS, the number of cured mice, and the therapeutic ratio. CPT-11 at a dose of 100 mg/kg produced an ILS in excess of 300% with five of six mice surviving tumor free, and effected 100% tumor regression at 200 mg/kg, whereas the optimum dose of Adriamycin, 12.5-25 mg/kg, brought about 114-129% ILS with one of six mice surviving. The acute toxicity of CPT-11 was extremely low, particularly in the case of oral administration. CPT-11 is expected to be clinically useful.
 ...
PMID:Antitumor activity of 7-ethyl-10-[4-(1-piperidino)-1-piperidino]carbonyloxy-camptothec in, a novel water-soluble derivative of camptothecin, against murine tumors. 366 96

The relevance of the subunit structure of chromatin to the mode of action of Adriamycin in Novikoff hepatoma had been investigated. To elucidate whether drug binding takes place at random along the chromatin fiber or not Novikoff hepatoma nuclei treated with Adriamycin in vivo were digested with Micrococcal nuclease and were subsequently separated into three fractions, S1, S2 and P2. In these chromatin fraction Adriamycin and the DNA content was determined. DNA were isolated from the above fractions and were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, furthermore the S2 fraction was sedimented on sucrose density gradient. The results indicate that binding of Adriamycin takes place preferentially on the core particle inducing structural alterations. Adriamycin binding not only enhanced DNA nuclease digestion but altered the size of the fragments.
 ...
PMID:Drug action and chromatin structure. I. Adriamycin binding to core particle of nucleosomes and subsequent enhanced DNA fragmentation induced by micrococcal nuclease. 406 86

Adriamycin (ADR) is used in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC frequently occurs in association with cirrhosis of the liver. ADR undergoes an extensive hepatic metabolism and biliary secretion. Therefore ADR elimination could be impaired in patients with HCC. In this study we measured the hepatic extraction of ADR by catheterization of the hepatic veins in five patients with HCC associated with cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis. In all patients the hepatic extraction ratio of ADR was very low (less than 0.10) and in four patients it was 10% or less of that of indocyanin green. This suggests that an impairment of ADR hepatic transport exists in these patients.
 ...
PMID:Hepatic extraction of adriamycin in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. 608 54

The clinical effectiveness of conservative therapeutic modalities for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was evaluated in terms of extension of survival. The therapeutic methods included one-shot therapy (OST) using Mitomycin C (MMC), Adriamycin (ADM), simultaneous ADM & MMC, with or without transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). Prior to estimating the effectiveness, the subjects were graded into three stages according to the pretreatment severity of their residual liver function, based on total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio, and ascites as constituent factors. OST with or without TAE significantly prolonged the mean survival time in stage I cases in good condition and in stage II cases in fair condition, but not in stage III cases in poor condition. Concerning OST without TAE, the results of ADM were slightly better than MMC in terms of extension of survival. OST combined with TAE was far more effective than OST without TAE. Extension of survival by simultaneous ADM & MMC is now under observation, but the toxicity of the modality has so far not proved serious. The long-term influence of repeated TAE on liver function was revealed to be mild within an average observation period of approximately one year. This study confirmed the validity of the present staging system in evaluating the efficacy of OST and TAE in terms of extension of survival.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of conservative therapeutic modalities for hepatocellular carcinoma--analysis of 206 cases. 609 97

In 10 of 14 patients with primary hepatic tumours the technique of selective arterial embolisation with gelatin foam was successful in inducing necrosis of the tumour tissue. In the patients with histologically proven hepatocellular carcinoma there was ultrasonographic evidence that this was produced, as was also shown by a rapid initial fall in serum alpha-foetoprotein concentration. Treatment was continued with a course of doxorubicin (Adriamycin) and the patients remained well and symptom-free for a median of 10 months, the longest survival being 19 months. In two patients with localised and highly vascular contraceptive pill-associated hepatic tumours, embolisation was followed by complete disappearance of the tumour mass in one and resolution of obstructive jaundice in the other. In one other the response was equivocal.
 ...
PMID:The use of therapeutic embolisation at the time of hepatic arteriography in the management of primary tumours of the liver. 615 11

One hundred and thirty nine patients with histologically proven hepatocellular carcinoma (HC) were admitted to the Uganda Cancer Institute for treatment. The patients were considerably younger and seemed to have more advanced disease than HC patients in Europe and in North America. Of the 99 evaluable patients, 50 received Adriamycin intravenously; of these, 44% responded, with 10% achieving complete responses. Intraarterial Adriamycin tended to increase the response rate to 75%, but this may be merely a reflection of patient selection. Combination of Adriamycin with other drugs (dichloromethotrexate, 5-azacytidine, Rezoxane and cyclophosphamide) did not enhance its therapeutic effectiveness. The alphafetoprotein response curves observed when Adriamycin was combined with dichloromethotrexate suggested possible antagonisms between the two drugs. Hepatic artery ligation (HAL) is a good and simple palliative procedure with response rates similar to i.v. Adriamycin. However, the administration of Adriamycin after HAL tended to improve on response rates and survival. The toxicities observed were mainly myelosuppression, gastrointestinal disturbance, alopecia, and hyperpigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes.
 ...
PMID:Further experience in treating patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in Uganda. 616 Sep 2

Fourteen patients with diffuse tumors of the liver were treated with temporary occlusion of the hepatic artery (HA) by an external tourniquet followed by infusion and systemic chemotherapy. Three patients had primary neoplasms (one hepatocarcinoma and two cholangiocarcinomas) and eleven had metastatic disease (nine from carcinoma of the colon and rectum, one from retroperitoneal liposarcoma, and one from pulmonary small cell cancer). Infusion chemotherapy in all patients was based on 5-FU, Mitomycin and Vincristine. Systemic chemotherapy was FIVB in metastatic carcinoma and Adriamycin in primary liver tumors. All patients showed improvement of the performance status according to the Karnofsky Index. Objective response (OR) was present in 54% of cases. At present, median survival time in 12.5 months. Aggressive treatment combining hepatic ischemia with infusion and systemic polychemotherapy seems to provide an effective method of palliation in diffuse tumors of the liver. Delayed occlusion by an external tourniquet appears safer than intraoperative ligation of the HA.
 ...
PMID:Temporary occlusion of the hepatic artery plus infusion and systemic chemotherapy for inoperable cancer of the liver. 616 63


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>