Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The free H(2)xspa ligands [xspa = pspa, Clpspa, tspa or fspa where p = 3-(phenyl), Clp = 3-(2-chlorophenyl), t = 3-(2-thienyl), f = 3-(2-furyl) and spa = 2-sulfanylpropenoato], their Zn(II) complexes of formula [HQ](2)[Zn(xspa)(2)] (HQ = diisopropylammonium) and the Cd(II) equivalents were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis and by IR, Raman and NMR ((1)H, (13)C) spectroscopy. X-Ray studies of the crystal structures of [HQ](2)[Zn(pspa)(2)], [HQ](2)[Zn(Clpspa)(2)], [HQ](2)[Zn(tspa)(2)] and [HQ](2)[Zn(fspa)(2)] show that the zinc atom is coordinated to two O atoms and two S atoms of the ligands in a distorted tetrahedral ZnO(2)S(2) environment. In the structures of [HQ](2)[Cd(pspa)(2)] and [HQ](2)[Cd(Clpspa)(2)] the cadmium atom is coordinated to three S atoms and two carboxylato O atoms of the ligands in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal environment. The interchange of ligands between Zn(II) and Cd(II) was studied by (113)Cd NMR spectroscopy. The in vitro protective effect of H(2)xspa and their Zn(II) complexes against Cd toxicity was investigated using the human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cell line and the pig renal proximal tubule LLC-PK1 cell line. The incorporation of Zn(II) was found to be relevant in the case of H(2)pspa, with an increase observed in the cell viability of the LCC-PK1 cells with respect to the value for the free ligand.
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PMID:Chemical and in vitro study of the potential of 3-(aryl)-2-sulfanylpropenoic acids and their Zn(II) complexes as protective agents against cadmium toxicity. 2037 18

Nanomaterials have widely been used in the field of biological and biomedicine, such as tissue imaging, diagnosis and cancer therapy. In this study, we explored the cytotoxicity and photodynamic effect of different-sized ZnO nanoparticles to target cells. Our observations demonstrated that ZnO nanoparticles exerted dose-dependent and time-dependent cytotoxicity for cancer cells like hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells in vitro. Meanwhile, it was observed that UV irradiation could enhance the suppression ability of ZnO nanoparticles on cancer cells proliferation, and these effects were in the size-dependent manner. Furthermore, when ZnO nanoparticles combined with daunorubicin, the related cytotoxicity of anticancer agents on cancer cells was evidently enhanced, suggesting that ZnO nanoparticles could play an important role in drug delivery. This may offer the possibility of the great potential and promising applications of the ZnO nanoparticles in clinical and biomedical areas like photodynamic cancer therapy and others.
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PMID:The Photodynamic Effect of Different Size ZnO Nanoparticles on Cancer Cell Proliferation In Vitro. 2067 78

In this work, direct electron transfer of cytochrome c (cyt. c)--a model for studying the electron transfer of enzymes is achieved at hexagonal ZnO nanosheets by one-step electrodeposition. UV-vis spectra and electrochemical data demonstrate that such ZnO nanosheets can supply a bio-compatible surface to keep the bioactivity of cyt. c. The redox formal potential (E(0)') of cyt. c is estimated to be 338.2+/-4.3 mV (vs. AgAgCl) at the nanostructured ZnO surface. This value is much more positive than those of enzymes previously obtained at other metal oxides and zeolite surfaces. Experiment data show, under the optimized potential of 0.0 V (vs. AgAgCl), the electrochemical determination of H(2)O(2) is free from not only anodic interferences like ascorbic acid (AA) and dopamine (DA), but also a cathodic interference-O(2). Such an excellent selectivity enable the present H(2)O(2) biosensor determine the extracellular H(2)O(2) released from living human hepatoma cells.
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PMID:Electrochemical biosensor for the detection of H2O2 from living cancer cells based on ZnO nanosheets. 2068 17

Combinations of cancer therapy modalities are attracting attention to improve the outcome of treatment, since single modality has not always been sufficiently effective. The aim of this study was to investigate a new strategy of combined application of ZnO nanorods with anticancer drug daunorubicin (DNR) in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Using a simple one-step solid state reaction in air at room temperature, we were able to fabricate ZnO nanorods as the drug carrier of DNR in drug delivery system. The combination of ZnO nanorods with DNR induced the remarkable improvement in the anti-tumor activity, which has been demonstrated by the flow cytometry, MTT assay and nuclear DAPI staining. Furthermore, the possible signaling pathway was explored by immunocytochemistry. It was noted that the notable photodynamic activity of the non-cytotoxic ZnO nanorods could considerably increase cancer cell injury mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). For instance, in human hepatocarcinoma cells (SMMC-7721 cells), our observations demonstrated that ZnO nanorods could obviously increase the intracellular concentration of DNR and enhance its potential anti-tumor efficiency, indicating that ZnO nanorods could act as an efficient drug delivery carrier importing DNR into target cancer cells. Furthermore, photodynamic ZnO nanorods loaded chemotherapeutic agent could induce distinguished improvement in anti-tumor activity with UV illumination. These findings revealed that such modality combinations represent a promising approach in cancer therapy.
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PMID:A strategy for ZnO nanorod mediated multi-mode cancer treatment. 2114 4

The increasing presence of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) in consumer products may be having a dramatic impact in aquatic environments. The evaluation of ZnO NP toxicity represents a great challenge. This study aimed at evaluating the cytotoxic effect of micro- and nanosized ZnO in a fish and a mammalian hepatoma cell line. A detailed characterisation of the particles in exposure media showed that ZnO NPs formed large aggregates. ZnO cytotoxicity was evaluated with a battery of in vitro assays including LUCS, a new approach based on DNA alteration measurements. In fish cells, ZnO NP aggregates contributed substantially to the cytotoxic effects whereas toxicity in the human cells appeared to be mainly produced by the dissolved fraction. ROS production did not contribute to the observed cytotoxicity. This work also showed that measuring concentrations of NPs is essential to understand the mechanisms underlying their toxicity.
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PMID:Comparative cytotoxicity induced by bulk and nanoparticulated ZnO in the fish and human hepatoma cell lines PLHC-1 and Hep G2. 2241 80

A mild and versatile method for the synthesis of some novel indole-1-carbinols has been developed via one-pot reaction of indoles and paraformaldehyde in the presence of an excess of CaO, MgO, ZnO or TiO(2). The solvent-free reaction provided all the indole derivatives in moderate to good yields and short reaction times. Moreover, the effect of some selected indole-1-carbinols on cell proliferation of the hepatoma cell line FaO was evaluated.
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PMID:Mild synthetic approach to novel indole-1-carbinols and preliminary evaluation of their cytotoxicity in hepatocarcinoma cells. 2271 2

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant disease that is prevalent all around the world, especially in Asia. The combined detection of four common HCC markers, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and 19-9 (CA19-9), can significantly improve the accuracy of early screening and diagnosis of this disease, which is very important for its effective treatment in a curable stage. In this article, hierarchical ZnO column arrays with core-shell structure were prepared, and specific antibodies of HCC markers were successfully conjugated onto ZnO arrays via the carbodiimide chemistry. The photoluminescence (PL) intensity of antibody-ZnO increased after HCC markers were bound. In the range of 0.5-15 ng/mL for AFP or CEA (or 0.5-15 U/mL for CA125 or CA19-9), the apparent linear relations between the PL enhancements and the concentrations of HCC markers offered simple standard curve for HCC detection in serum samples, indicating that the PL-enhanced antibody-ZnO arrays could be utilized in early clinical screening. A preliminary mechanism of PL intensity enhancement can be established based on this work.
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PMID:Label-free detection of hepatocellular carcinoma markers based on photoluminescence of antibody-conjugated ZnO arrays. 2426 58

Metal nanomaterial could effectively decrease tumour resistance to anti-cancer drugs. In this paper, we have explored the synergistic effect and mechanisms of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO Nps) and isoorientin (ISO) on cytotoxicity in human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. The results showed that ZnO Nps could exert dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells, and the combining treatment resulted in a greater cytotoxicity than single treatment. ZnO Nps could synergistically potentiate ISO to induce apoptosis through resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction, inhibiting the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2, and enhancing the phosphorylation of JNK and P38. Additionally, ZnO Nps were uptaked by cells through endocytic pathway and it enhanced the cellular uptake of ISO, while no significant injury was found in normal liver cells after the combined treatment. These results suggest that the combination of metal nanoparticle with anti-cancer drugs may provide a promising alternative for novel cancer treatments.
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PMID:Additive effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles and isoorientin on apoptosis in human hepatoma cell line. 2437 71

The TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles are the most promising next-generation photodynamic therapy (PDT) photosensitizers. This paper reports a one-to-one comparison of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy of cancer. After incubating SMMC-7721 hepatocarcinoma cells with TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles, we irradiated the cells with ultraviolet (UV) light and formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was monitored using the dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) method. The cytotoxicities of ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles as photosensitizers in cancer PDT were evaluated using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein expression levels of apoptosis-related gene, including Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase 3 were examined using RT-PCR and Western blot to elucidate the possible molecular mechanisms involved. Our results demonstrated that both TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles could generate ROS within the tumor cells after irradiation, which in turn could attack the cancer cells. The caspase-dependent apoptosis was thus induced, resulting in anticancer activity. When the therapeutic effects were compared, no differences between the TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles were observed for PDT. Either TiO2 or ZnO nanoparticles can therefore be used in the near future as alternative photosensitizers in targeted tumor PDT when light is directly focused on the lesion.
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PMID:A comparison of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy for cancer. 2501 45

Silver-based hybrid nanomaterials are gaining interest as potential alternatives for conventional antimicrobial agents. Herein, we present a simple, facile and eco-friendly approach for the deposition of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on ZnO nanorods, which act as a nanoreactor for in situ synthesis and as an immobilizing template in the presence of arginine. The presence of arginine enhanced the stability of ZnO deposition on the glass substrate by hindering the dissolution of zinc under alkaline conditions. Various Ag/ZnO hybrid nanorod (HNR) samples were screened to obtain a high amount of silver immobilization on the ZnO substrate. Ag/ZnO HNRs displayed potent antibacterial ability and could achieve 100% kill for both Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis strains under various test conditions. The hybrid material mediated its dual mode of antibacterial action through direct contact-killing and release of silver ions/nanoparticles and showed superior bactericidal performance compared to pure ZnO nanorods and colloidal AgNPs. No significant decline in antibacterial efficacy was observed even after the same substrate was repeatedly reused multiple times. Interestingly, the amount of Ag and Zn release was much below their maximal limit in drinking water, thus preventing potential health hazards. Immobilized AgNPs showed no cytotoxic effects on the human hepatocarcinoma cell line (HepG2). Moreover, treating cells with the antibacterial substrate for 24 hours did not lead to significant generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The good biocompatibility and bactericidal efficacy would thus make it feasible to utilize this immobilization strategy for preparing new-generation antibacterial coatings.
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PMID:Arginine-assisted immobilization of silver nanoparticles on ZnO nanorods: an enhanced and reusable antibacterial substrate without human cell cytotoxicity. 2583 Jan 78


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