Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hepatic biloma (bile cyst) developed in a patient after transcatheter oily chemoembolization (TOCE) with Lipiodol for hepatocellular carcinoma. The patient was treated conservatively and underwent the next TOCE uneventfully. An inappropriately large dose of Lipiodol, anticancer agent, and Gelfoam can induce biloma; however, it is not reasonable to abstain from TOCE for hepatocellular carcinoma in fear of biloma.
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PMID:Biloma following transcatheter oily chemoembolization. 165 54

A 66-year-old woman was hospitalized in a state of shock with rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma and multiple pulmonary metastasis. Her bleeding was successfully controlled by emergency transcatheter arterial embolization with Lipiodol (Lp-TAE). Treatments with UFT, OK-432 and two additional Lp-TAE caused the disappearance of pulmonary metastasis with AFP levels decreased and natural killer cell activity increased. The patient died one and a half years after the emergency Lp-TAE. The disappearance of pulmonary metastatic lesions seemed to be caused by improvement of the patient's immunity, which related to the regression of primary tumor after Lp-TAE. It was suggested that Lp-TAE is worth undertaking even in rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma with remote metastatic lesions.
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PMID:[Rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma with multiple pulmonary metastasis successfully treated by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) of tumor: a case report]. 165 29

The computed tomography (CT) findings in a 17-year-old male student with liver metastases from a primary adenocarcinoma of the rectum are presented. Lipiodol-enhanced CT 4 days after lipiodol infusion demonstrated several metastases not visible on conventional CT. A repeat CT 13 months later showed lipiodol to have been retained within the original lesions and also demonstrated new metastatic deposits free of lipiodol. Although persistence of lipiodol for up to a year has been reported by workers in Japan imaging hepatocellular carcinoma (Yumoto et al., 1985) this experience has not been confirmed in the UK (Raby et al., 1989). There are relatively few reports investigating metastatic adenocarcinoma (Nakakuma et al., 1985), none of which refers to persistence of lipiodol over 1 year. This case report demonstrates the ability of lipiodol-enhanced CT to detect occult metastases and also to facilitate their follow-up and differentiation from newer lesions.
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PMID:Case report: persistence of lipiodol for 13 months in metastatic deposits in the liver on computed tomography. 133 17

The efficacy of various imaging procedures used for the diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) (lesions no larger than 3 cm in diameter) was evaluated in a retrospective study of 100 patients. Seven patients with hepatic adenomatous hyperplastic nodules containing HCC foci were also assessed. In 89 patients, the lesion was initially detected during follow-up of chronic liver disease. In 21 patients, it was first diagnosed on the basis of elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein; in the remaining 79 it was diagnosed incidentally with imaging procedures. The overall sensitivities of sonography (84%), CT (84%), and angiography (81%) were compared with those of arterial angiographic CT (82%), portal angiographic CT (91%), lipiodol CT (93%), and intraoperative sonography (96%). The differences in sensitivity between angiography and lipiodol CT (p less than .05) and between intraoperative sonography and the other studies (p less than .01) were statistically significant. In 22 lesions smaller than 1 cm, the sensitivities of lipiodol CT and intraoperative sonography were high (83% and 86%, respectively). Adenomatous hyperplasias containing HCC foci were frequently detected by arterial angiographic CT and intraoperative sonography. These results show that sonography or CT and alpha-fetoprotein are useful in detecting small HCCs in screening programs of patients with chronic liver disease. Lipiodol CT and intraoperative sonography are necessary in patients who are candidates for surgery.
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PMID:The diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinomas: efficacy of various imaging procedures in 100 patients. 169 8

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TAE) is generally considered to be an effective palliative treatment in patients with inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recently, TAE has also been performed on operable cases, in order to reduce the chances of recurrence. This study was aimed at evaluating the histopathologic changes following chemoembolization in surgically resected HCCs. Chemoembolization was performed by selective intra-arterial injection of Lipiodol-chemotherapeutic agent (Adriamycin), followed by terminal embolization with Spongostan, in 5 patients with operable HCC. All patients underwent Computed Tomography (CT) follow-up and subsequent partial hepatectomy. CT after chemoembolization accurately demonstrated no increase in tumor size in all patients. In all HCCs a thick fibrous capsule was found. Histopathology of the surgically resected HCCs demonstrated complete necrosis of the primary tumor in 4/5 cases; 1 HCC remained viable and tumor cells were found in a few daughter nodules surrounding the tumor. In 1 case there were viable tumor emboli in the small portal vessels around the tumor. In patients with resectable HCC, TAE was useful in preventing tumor growth and in thickening the capsule, thus making surgery safer and reducing the chances of recurrence.
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PMID:[Postoperative histologic evaluation of hepatocarcinoma treated using chemo-embolization]. 169 53

The technique of 'targeting' cytotoxic drugs by mixing them with the contrast medium lipiodol is now widely used in Japan and the Far East where it has been reported to enhance response rates in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. In the present study 19 patients with this tumour were treated with intra-(hepatic) arterial adriamycin (60 mg/m2), at least one course of which was combined with lipiodol (10-20 ml). Two patients (11%) had a remission as indicated by a significant fall in serum alphafetoprotein and there was a reduction of tumour size in one of these. The median survival period was 3 months (range 1-18) with the two responding patients surviving 8 and 12 months. This response rate was no better than the figure of 14% seen in 31 consecutive patients treated with intravenous adriamycin at the same dose, and the survival curves of the two groups of patients were not significantly different. Lipiodol in combination with adriamycin is not superior to intravenous adriamycin administered alone.
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PMID:Intraarterial adriamycin and lipiodol for inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma: a comparison with intravenous adriamycin. 170 75

Internal radiation therapy with subsegmental arterial injection of iodine 131(131I)-labeled iodized oil (Lipiodol; Laboratorie, Guerbet, France) was evaluated in 24 patients with nodular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranging from 2.5 to 8.0 cm in size. 131I Lipiodol (555 to 2220 MBq in 3 to 8 ml) was injected depending on the tumor size. Tumor reduction was seen in 88.9% of tumors smaller than 4.0 cm in diameter, 65.5% of tumors between 4.1 to 6.0 cm, and 25.0% of tumors larger than 5.1 cm. The tumor size reduction corresponded to the gradual drop of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels and devascularization on follow-up angiography. Adverse reactions from treatment included fever, mild abdominal pain, nausea, and elevation of transaminases. These were mild and well tolerated by patients. This method provided long-term local control without complications related to the thyroid, lung, gastrointestinal tract, and bone marrow.
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PMID:Nodular hepatocellular carcinoma. Treatment with subsegmental intraarterial injection of iodine 131-labeled iodized oil. 171 29

Transcatheter oily chemoembolization is widely used as palliative therapy for inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma in high-incidence Asiatic areas. To assess its usefulness in the Western form of this cancer, 30 French patients were treated between 1987 and 1990 by intraarterial hepatic injection of a Lipiodol-doxorubicin emulsion followed by embolization with 0.5 to 1 mm gelatin sponge particles. The number of procedures ranged from one to five. All patients had advanced, symptomatic and inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (Okuda's staging: I, n = 8; II, n = 14; III, n = 8); none was found under systematic screening. All had underlying cirrhosis (Child-Pugh's class: A, n = 15; B, n = 12; C, n = 3) that was alcoholic in origin in 27 cases and posthepatitic B in origin in 3 cases. The results of the treatment were assessed by comparison with a group of 30 untreated patients admitted to the same unit between 1984 and 1987. Patients of both groups were closely matched for clinical presentation, global disease staging and precise anatomical extension. The overall 1- and 2-yr survival rate was 59% and 30%, respectively, for the treated patients vs. 0% at 1 yr for the untreated patients. The latter all died from local disease with end-stage liver failure and/or uncontrollable variceal bleeding. In the former, the three patients with Child's class C cirrhosis died after the first procedure. During the follow-up (range = 3 to 26 mo), 11 additional patients died, 8 from metastatic generalization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Transcatheter oily chemoembolization in the management of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: results of a Western comparative study in 60 patients. 184 92

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest primary tumor of the liver; of late, its incidence has increased in the Western world. The authors report their experience with 42 patients affected with HCC; 36 cases were confirmed by fine-needle biopsy (FNAB), and 2 by surgery. All patients were studied with US and CT; 25 of them underwent color-Doppler US, and 30 angiography. In 9 patients, Lipiodol-CT was performed after hepatic arterial chemo-embolization. Thirty-six expansive and expansive-infiltrative lesions were observed, 4 infiltrative ones, and 1 neoplastic thrombosis of the portal vein with no evidence of parenchymal mass; 28 cases were multinodular in nature. US showed the primary lesion in all cases, while CT missed 2 lesions of 15 mm in diameter. In 19 of 25 cases studied with color-Doppler US, arterial pathologic signals were observed. Angiography confirmed all the primary lesions diagnosed by US in 30 patients and was found to be the most sensitive method to reveal multinodular lesions 8-15 mm phi, whereas Lipiodol-CT had higher resolution in detecting nodules up to 3 mm phi. The retrospective review of our results pointed out the capabilities of diagnostic imaging techniques in characterizing and staging HCCs--which is the reason why the role of biopsy has not been emphasized. The whole of the morphofunctional data obtained with the different techniques allowed lesion tissue characterization.
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PMID:[Integrated imaging of hepatocarcinoma. Personal experience]. 185 15

The usefulness of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) of the hepatic artery was retrospectively evaluated in 66 patients who underwent the procedure for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma that recurred after partial hepatectomy. The materials infused were Gelfoam sponge or Gelfoam sponge plus Lipiodol and an anticancer agent. A control group of 15 patients with recurrent tumor received oral anticancer agents alone. The cumulative survival rate for the TACE group was 88% for the first year, 57% for 2 years, 42% for 3 years, and 27% for 5 years, whereas that of the control group was 80% for the first year, 27% for 2 years, and 18% for 3 years. Thus, the prognosis of the TACE group was significantly better (p less than or equal to .01, log-rank test) than that of the control group. The survival rate was inversely correlated with the ratio of the volume of the recurrent tumor to the volume of the whole residual liver. These results suggest that TACE is more effective than oral chemotherapy for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma that recurs after partial hepatectomy.
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PMID:Recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after partial hepatectomy: value of treatment with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. 185 79


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