Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019204 (hepatocellular carcinoma)
 71,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cholestatic hepatocellular carcinoma, which grows into the bile duct and causes obstructive jaundice, is rare and difficult to diagnose. A case is presented in which cholestatic hepatocellular carcinoma was detected by deposit of Lipiodol. This is also the first case that was successfully treated by endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage and transcatheter arterial embolization.
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PMID:Cholestatic hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosed by deposits of Lipiodol and treated by combination of endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage and transcatheter arterial embolization. 131 68

Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) was performed in 1,058 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the prognosis after TAE in HCC was then assessed from the long-term follow-up data. The results indicated that the prognosis was better for small tumors, and was significantly better for capsulated than noncapsulated tumors. For this reason, the prognosis of small tumors was not always better than that of large tumors. The prognosis worsened as the severity of portal obstruction increased. The prognosis improved with the use of Lipiodol (iodized oil). It was found that the use of anticancer drugs in combination with TAE, however, did not significantly affect the prognosis as compared with TAE alone. The 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 70%, 51%, 29%, 14%, and 5%, respectively.
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PMID:Transcatheter arterial embolization in hepatocellular carcinoma: a long-term follow-up. 131 26

Iodized oil (Lipiodol) has been used for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatic malignancies, especially that of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, few reports have appeared concerning intrahepatic microvascular changes following intrahepatic arterial injection of Lipiodol. In the present study, Lipiodol was injected into the hepatic arteries of normal and cirrhotic rats, the changes of intrahepatic microvascular structures were serially investigated by scanning electron microscopy of microvasculature casts. In normal rats following intrahepatic arterial injection of Lipiodol, impairments of capillary vessels in the peribiliary plexus (PBP) were noted. The degrees of PBP impairments were most severe 2 days after the injection of Lipiodol. However, 10 days after the injection of Lipiodol, these impairments had almost completely vanished. There was no changes of terminal arterial and portal branches. In cirrhotic rats, proliferations of the perinodular arterial plexus (PNAP) and dilatations of the PBP were noted. After intrahepatic arterial injection of Lipiodol, the impairments of the PBP were noted, as in the normal rats. However, the degrees of these impairments were milder than those in the normal rats. It was considered that the decrease of the PBP impairments caused by Lipiodol were influenced by proliferation of the PNAP and dilatations of the PBP in cirrhotic rats. After intrahepatic arterial injection of Lipiodol in normal and cirrhotic rats, there was no development of collateral vessels. It was believed, therefore, that this fact was an advantage in the treatment of hepatic carcinoma by Lipiodol.
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PMID:[Intrahepatic microvascular changes after intrahepatic arterial injection of lipiodol in normal and cirrhotic rats]. 132 24

To determine the effect of appraising subsegmental or segmental transarterial embolization with Lipiodol mixed with anticancer drugs followed by gelatin particles (Segmental Lp-TAE) on inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma, we examined CT patterns and therapeutic results in 57 patients after Segmental Lp-TAE. Fifty-six tumors including 47 tumors less than 5 cm in size were the nodular type and 1 tumor was the massive type. The mean tumor size was 3.6 cm and the mean amount of Lipiodol was 4.4 ml. Portal veins in the embolized segment were highly visualized by injected Lipiodol on plain film immediately after Segmental Lp-TAE. On the follow-up CT, the size of the tumor with dense Lipiodol accumulation were reduced in all cases, and atrophy of the embolized segment was recognized. Forty-four of the 57 patients are alive, with the longest surviving patient still alive at 4 years and 5 months. Seventeen patients have survived for more than 2 years (direct crude survival rate: 65.0%), with the cumulative survival rates 93.2% at 1 year, 71.6% at 2 years. No recurrence was recognized in 33 of the 41 patients (80.0%) that were followed up for more than 1 year after Segmental Lp-TAE is a useful therapeutic method for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:[Usefulness of segmental Lp-TAE using lipiodol mixed with anticancer agent for inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma]. 132 6

Intra-arterial chemotherapy and chemoembolization using implantable drug delivery system were performed in sixty-one cases of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The following results were obtained. (1) The follow-up period was 253 days, and the administrations numbered 13.9 times on average. (2) Response rate was 31.1%. (3) AFP decreased in 80% cases, and PIVKA-II in 83.3% cases. (4) Tumor thrombus in the portal vein disappeared in 4 of 40 cases(10%). (5) Free-CDDP continued for 60 minutes after injection of cisplatin-phosphatidyl-choline-Lipiodol (CPL), and the response rate was 47%. (6) The survival rates were 56% in one year, 25% in two years, and 20% for three years. These results were significantly higher than those of one shot therapy. It is suggested that good therapeutic effects can be obtained by the implantable drug delivery system, and CPL was a useful anticancer agent for the therapy.
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PMID:[Intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma using an implantable drug delivery system]. 132 12

We established risk factors for high post-resectional recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). They included: (1)Vp (+), (2)IM (+), (3)more than 5 cm in diameter of the main tumor, and (4)gross type except single nodular tumor. Seventy HCC patients in this category were divided into two groups. In group 1, 11 patients prophylactically underwent hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy after liver resection. Chemotherapeutic agents (MMC, 5-FU, ADM, CDDP) with Lipiodol were administered 4 times a year via Infuse-A-port. The remaining 59 cases served as the control without prophylactic infusion. Two-year survival rate was better in prophylactic group (75%) than in the control (46%, p = 0.063). The two-year disease-free survival was significantly improved in group 1 (40%) compared with that in group 2 (26%, p = 0.019). Based on our data, we suggest that prophylactic arterial infusion chemotherapy can be efficacious in alleviating hepatoma recurrence after liver resection.
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PMID:[Prophylactic chemotherapy by regional arterial infusion in resected hepatoma patients]. 132 14

We performed arterial infusion chemotherapy by injection of adriamycin plus Lipiodol after radical hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma for prevention of tumor recurrence. The clinical studies showed that the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year cumulative disease free rates were 87.5, 73.4, 52.4, 37.7% and 37.7% in patients with this chemotherapy, and 76.1, 46.5, 30.4, 30.4% and 30.4%, respectively in those without this chemotherapy, indicating a significant difference (p less than 0.05) between these two groups. This method of chemotherapy was particularly effective for patients with vascular involvement, intrahepatic metastasis or tumors more than 3cm in diameter.
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PMID:[Postoperative arterial infusion chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma]. 132 15

Postoperative adjuvant locoregional chemotherapy was performed on patients who underwent hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma with permeation of tumor into portal vein and/or into hepatic vein and/or intrahepatic metastasis to prevent recurrence. Twenty patients received intra-hepato-arterial infusion of chemotherapeutic drugs or Lipiodol, or transcatheter arterial embolization as adjuvant therapy, and 25 patients did not receive the therapy. There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between the two groups, and disease-free-survival would not be improved significantly by adjuvant therapy. But the disease-free-survival was improved in patients who underwent relative noncurative hepatectomies. Median duration from the hepatic resection to the recurrence was prolonged by adjuvant therapy, but no significant difference was noted between the two groups. Serious hepatic injury was a side effect of adjuvant therapy in one patient. Therefore great care was necessary when performing the therapy. Further study on choice of the drugs and methods was considered necessary to obtain more effective therapy.
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PMID:[Prevention of postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma by adjuvant locoregional chemotherapy]. 132 16

Mitoxantrone, a new anti-cancer agent, was successfully prepared for Lipiodol emulsion. The mixture of Mitoxantrone and non-ionic contrast medium, Omnipaque 300, was combined with Lipiodol at the ratio of 1:2. When the ratio of Mitoxantrone and Lipiodol was 1:4, microscopic study revealed stabilized water in oil emulsion, which could release the anti-cancer agent slowly. We applied it for a case of hepatocellular carcinoma with good result. Intra-arterial infusion of this emulsion might be considered effective for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:[Successful preparation of mitoxantrone emulsion containing non-ionic contrast medium]. 132 20

Twelve of the patients with advanced (Stage III or IV) hepatocellular carcinoma who received transcatheter chemoembolization survived for more than 5 years. These survivors consisted of 6 Stage III cases and 6 Stage IV cases. Of the 6 Stage III cases, 5 had multiple tumors (larger than 2 cm) in one lobe of the liver, and 1 had tumor invasion into the second portal branch before treatment. Of the 6 Stage IV cases, 4 had had multiple tumors in both lobes, and 2 had had tumor invasion into the main portal branches. Before treatment, 9 of the 12 survivors had been rated as Child's class A. Lipiodol was used in all 12 cases. The results of the present study suggest the usefulness of Lipiodol in treating advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:[Stage III, IV hepatocellular carcinoma patients surviving more than five years after transcatheter chemoembolization]. 132 25


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